S.C. Code Regs. § § 61-58.3.B

Current through Register Vol. 48, No. 11, November 22, 2024

Section 61-58.3.B - Surface Water Development

(1) Quantity--Where the proposed source is to be the only source of water for the system, the quantity of water at the source shall:

(a) be adequate to meet the projected maximum daily water demand of the service area. For streams, the calculations shall be based on the lowest mean daily flow for the drought of record. For withdrawals from reservoirs, the calculation shall be based on the drought of record and shall also include requirements for other water uses in the reservoir and downstream;

(b) provide a reasonable surplus for twenty (20) years of anticipated growth;

(c) be adequate to compensate for all losses such as silting, evaporation, seepage, etc. and;

(2) Quality--An engineering evaluation shall be made considering all factors, both natural and man made, which will affect the quality of the source water. The evaluation shall include, but not be limited to:

(a) determining possible future uses of impoundments or reservoirs;

(b) determining degree of control of watershed by owner;

(c) assessing degree of hazard to the source from the accidental spillage of materials that may be toxic, harmful or detrimental to treatment processes;

(d) obtaining samples over a sufficient period of time to assess the microbiological, physical, chemical and radiological characteristics of the water;

(e) assessing the capability of the proposed treatment process to comply with the drinking water standards set forth in the Act and under R.61-58.5, R.61-58.10, and R.61-58.13.

(3) Intake Structures--The design of intake structures shall provide for:

(a) withdrawal of water from more than one level if quality varies with depth;

(b) separate facilities for release of less desirable water held in storage;

(c) capability for the cleaning of the inlet line;

(d) adequate protection against rupture by dragging anchors, etc.;

(e) inlet ports located above the bottom of the stream, lake or impoundment, but at sufficient depth to be kept submerged at low water levels;

(f) where shore wells are not provided, a diversion device capable of keeping large quantities of fish or debris from entering an intake structure;

(g) screens or gratings over the inlet to protect the pumps;

(h) a means for periodic cleaning of the screens or gratings;

(i) shore wells where necessary, which shall:

(i) have motors and electrical controls located above grade, and protected from flooding;

(ii) be accessible;

(iii) be designed against flotation;

(iv) be equipped with removable or traveling screens before the pump suction well;

(v) provide for introduction of chlorine or other chemicals in the raw water transmission main if necessary for quality control;

(vi) have intake valves and provisions for backflushing or cleaning by a mechanical device and testing for leaks, where practical; and,

(vii) have provisions for withstanding surges where necessary.

(4) Off-Stream Storage

(a) Reservoirs shall be constructed to ensure that water quality is protected by controlling runoff into the reservoir.

(b) Dikes must be structurally sound, constructed of low permeability material and protected against wind action and erosion. Vegetation and other unsuitable materials shall be removed from the dikes. Minimum dike width shall be eight (8) feet at the crest.

(c) The point of influent flow must be separated from the point of withdrawal to ensure turnover.

(5) Impoundments and Reservoirs--Unless specifically approved by the Department, the design of impoundments and reservoirs shall provide for:

(a) removal of brush, trees, and stumps to high water elevation;

(b) proper erosion control measures during construction; and,

(c) abandonment of all wells which will be inundated, in accordance with R.61-58.2(B)(15)(B)(15).

(6) Raw Water Pumping Facilities

(a) The facility shall be elevated to a minimum of one (1) foot above the one hundred (100) year flood elevation, or protected to such elevation, shall be readily accessible at all times unless permitted to be out of service for the period of inaccessibility, shall be graded around the station so as to lead surface drainage away from the station, and shall be protected to prevent vandalism and entrance by animals and unauthorized persons.

(b) The facility shall have adequate space for the installation of additional units if needed, and for the safe servicing of all equipment. The facility shall also be of durable construction, fire and weather resistant and with outward-opening doors.

(c) Pumping Equipment--

(i) At least two (2) pumping units shall be provided. The pumping facility shall be sized adequately to supply the full plant capacity with any pump out of service. The pumping units shall:

(A) Be driven by a prime mover able to operate against the maximum head and air temperature which may be encountered;

(B) Have spare parts and tools readily available, and,

(C) Be equipped with elapsed time hour meters for each pump or another acceptable mechanism to monitor run times.

(D) Be sized to operate from minimum to maximum pumping conditions without overloading the motor.

(ii) Suction lift shall be within allowable limits, preferably less than fifteen (15) feet and should be avoided if possible. If suction lift is necessary, provision shall be made for priming the pumps.

(iii) Prime water must not be of lesser sanitary quality than that of the water being pumped. Means shall be provided to prevent back-siphonage. When an air-operated ejector is used, the screened intake shall draw clean air from a point at least ten (10) feet above the ground or other source of possible contamination, unless the air is filtered by an apparatus approved by the Department. Vacuum priming may be used.

(iv) For pumps designed so that bearing lubrication fluids come into contact with the water being pumped, only water lubricated pumps may be used unless otherwise approved by the Department.

(d) Equipment Servicing--Pump facilities shall be designed so that proper maintenance of the equipment can be provided.

(e) Operator Access--Pump facilities shall be designed for easy access by stairs or ladders when necessary.

(f) Heating--In pump houses not occupied by personnel, only enough heat need be provided to prevent freezing of equipment or treatment process.

(g) Ventilation--Ventilation shall conform to existing local, federal, and/or state codes. Adequate ventilation shall be provided for all pumping stations.

(h) Lighting--The facility shall be adequately lighted throughout. All electrical work shall conform to the requirements of the National Electric Code or applicable state and local codes.

(i) Water Seals--Water seals shall not be supplied with water of a lesser sanitary quality than that of the water being pumped. Where pumps are sealed with potable water and are pumping water of lesser sanitary quality the seal shall be provided with a break tank or back-flow preventer. If a break tank is used, it shall be open to atmospheric pressure, have an air gap of at least six (6) inches or two (2) pipe diameters, whichever is greater, and be installed between the feeder line and the spill line of the tank. Where a back-flow preventer is used, it shall be a reduced pressure principle back-flow type installed in the feed line.

(j) Controls--Pumps, their prime movers and accessories, shall be controlled in such a manner that they will operate at rated capacity without dangerous overload. Where two or more pumps are installed, provision shall be made for alternation. Provision shall be made to prevent energizing the motor in the event of a backspin cycle. Electrical controls shall be located above grade.

(k) Water Pre-lubrication--When automatic pre-lubrication of pump bearings is necessary and an auxiliary power supply is provided, the pre-lubrication line shall be provided with a valved bypass around the automatic control so that the bearings can, if necessary, be lubricated manually before the pump is started.

S.C. Code Regs. § 61-58.3.B