N.M. Admin. Code § 3.6.5.22

Current through Register Vol. 35, No. 21, November 5, 2024

Section 3.6.5.22 - METHODS OF VALUATION FOR PROPERTY TAXATION PURPOSES - GENERAL PROVISIONS

A.INCOME METHOD OF VALUATION - IMPLEMENTATION:

(1) The income method of valuation is a method used to value property by capitalizing its income when the market value method cannot be used due to lack of data on sales of comparable properties and no special method specified in Sections 7-36-20 through 7-36-33 NMSA 1978 is applicable. The value of the property under the income method of valuation is determined by dividing the annual income by the applicable capitalization rate.

(2) Income is predicated on estimated future income which could be realized from the legally permitted highest and best use or uses of the property.

(3) Where sufficient evidence of the rental value of the property being valued is available, the income is based upon the fair rent which can be imputed to the property being valued based upon rent actually received for the property by the owner and upon typical rentals received in the area for similar property in similar use, provided that use is the legally permitted highest and best use. When the property being valued is actually encumbered by a lease, the cash rent or its equivalent considered in determining the fair rent of the property is the amount for which the property would be expected to rent at its legally permitted highest and best use were the rental payment to be renegotiated in the light of conditions as they exist at the time the property is being valued.

(4) Where sufficient evidence as to rental value of the property being valued is not available, the income used is based upon the fair rent which the property being valued reasonably can be expected to yield under prudent management. The imputed fair rent is developed from market information which reflects the probable rental value of the property being valued in the open market at its legally permitted highest and best use.

(5) "Income" as that term is used in Section 3.6.5.22 NMAC is net income or the difference between annual revenue or receipts, actual or imputed, from rental of the property and the annual expenses relating to the property.

(6) "Expenses", as that term is used in Section 3.6.5.22 NMAC, is the outlay or average annual allocation of money or money's worth that can fairly be charged against the revenue or receipts from the property. Expenses are limited to those which are ordinary and necessary in the production of the revenue and receipts from the property and do not include debt retirement, interest on funds invested in the property or income taxes.

B.COST METHODS OF VALUATION - IMPLEMENTATION: Generally, the cost methods of valuation are methods for valuing improvements or personal property by determining the costs of reproduction or replacement of property with property which is as good as, but no better than, the improvements or personal property being valued. The reproduction or replacement may be duplicate or equally good substitute property. If the improvements or personal property being valued are not in a new condition, the appropriately depreciated value of a new reproduction or replacement, as circumstances justify, is used to determine the value of the used items. In the case of newly constructed improvements, original cost, in an arm's length transaction, is the closest approximation of value. Trending may be used to implement the cost method of valuation.

C.IMPLEMENTATION BY MEANS OF SCHEDULES AND MANUALS: Implementation of the valuation methods authorized in Subsection B of Section 7-36-15 NMSA 1978 may be by means of schedules and manuals approved by the division.

D.IMPROVEMENTS AND RIGHTS NOT VALUED SEPARATELY FROM THE LAND THEY SERVE: Subsection C of Section 7-36-15 NMSA 1978 requires that the improvements and rights listed therein be considered as appurtenances to all land they serve, regardless of whether or not the improvements and rights are owned by the owner or owners of all the land they serve. The value of those rights and improvements are included in the determination of the value of the land served and are not valued separately.

E.PIPELINES USED SOLELY FOR IRRIGATION OR STOCK-WATERING PURPOSES: Pipelines used primarily for irrigation or stock-watering purposes shall not be valued separately from the land they serve, shall be considered as appurtenances to the land they serve and their value shall be included in the determination of value of the land they serve.

F.SUBDIVISIONS - IMPLEMENTATION OF VALUATION METHODS:

(1) The term "subdivision" as used in Section 3.6.5.22 NMAC means "subdivision" as defined by Section 47-6-2 NMSA 1978, except that, for lands within a municipality or the extraterritorial zone of a municipality, the term means "subdivision" as defined in Section 3-20-1 NMSA 1978.

(2) Lots or tracts within a subdivision are valued for property taxation purposes on the basis of sales or other dispositions of comparable unsubdivided property until sales in the subdivision as of January 1 of the tax year have exceeded the percentage specified for the purpose for the class or type of subdivision in applicable schedules, manuals or instructions of the division. Sales of comparable unsubdivided property are adjusted to reflect expenditures made by the developer, such as the addition of roads, utilities and other subdivision improvements and related engineering and similar costs. If the roads within a subdivision have not been dedicated to a municipality or a county, the roads are not valued separately from the land they serve but are included in the value of the land they serve.

(3) After sales within a subdivision have exceeded the specified percentage, the lots or tracts within the subdivision are valued on the basis of sales of comparable lots or tracts in subdivisions or, if that method cannot be used due to the lack of comparable sales data, the income or cost method. Lots in a subdivision which have been sold or disposed of by a developer, but which are owned or held on January 1 of the tax year by the developer because of breach by the consumer of the agreement transferring the developer's interest, shall be considered as lots in which the developer has sold or disposed of his interest for purposes of determining the percentage of sales.

(4) In implementing the market value method of valuation for subdivisions, reference shall be made to disclosure statements filed with the county clerk pursuant to Section 47-6-17 NMSA 1978 of the New Mexico Subdivision Act. The "proposed range of selling or leasing prices, including financing terms" set forth in that statement, however, are not used as a substitute for sales of comparable property in determining value under the market value method of valuation.

G.MARKET VALUE METHOD OF VALUATION - IMPLEMENTATION:

(1) The market value method of valuation is a process of analyzing sales of similar recently sold properties in order to derive an indication of the most probable sales price of the property being appraised. The reliability of this technique is dependent upon:

(a) the availability of comparable sales data;

(b) the verification of the sales date;

(c) the degree of comparability or extent of adjustment necessary for differences in time of sale and time of appraisal; and

(d) the absence of nontypical conditions affecting the sales price.

(2) "Market value" means a price which a willing and informed buyer, not obligated to buy, would pay a willing and informed seller, not obligated to sell, taking into consideration all uses including the highest and best use to which the property is adapted and might reasonably be applied.

(3) Comparable property is property similar to the property being valued and which recently has been sold or is currently being offered for sale in the same or similar areas. Similarity to the property being valued is determined by examining the characteristics of the properties being compared to discover likenesses or differences between those properties and the property being valued.

(4) Cash market value reflected by recent sales of comparable property, if there have been such sales, may be relevant for determining market value. Proof of the purchase price alone of the comparable property is not sufficient to fix market value without evidence of the terms and conditions of the sale.

(5) This approach to value may be implemented by means of schedules and manuals approved by the division.

(6) Evidence of the sale price of the property being valued is not sufficient to establish a market value under Section 7-36-15 NMSA 1978 if the evidence of the sales of comparable property indicates the sales price was not the market value.

N.M. Admin. Code § 3.6.5.22

3/23/83, 12/29/94, 8/31/96, 3/31/2000; 3.6.5.22 NMAC - Rn & A, 3 NMAC 6.5.22, 4/30/01