Mich. Admin. Code R. 336.2012
Rule 1012. Reference test method 5C, outstack filtration method, reads as follows:
The operating and maintenance procedures for many, but not all, of the sampling train are described in APTD-0576 (subdivision (g)(iii) of this rule). Since correct usage is important in obtaining valid results, all users shall read APTD-0576 and adopt the applicable operating and maintenance procedures outlined in it, unless otherwise specified herein. The sampling train consists of the following components:
Alternatively, other types of filters may be used, subject to the approval of the department.
Sampling shall comply with the following provisions:
Check filters visually against light for irregularities, flaws, pinhole leaks, or cracks. Label filters of the proper size on the back side using numbering machine ink. As an alternative, label the shipping containers (subdivision (b)(ii)(D) of this rule) and keep the filters in these containers at all times, except during sampling and weighing.Dry the filters in an oven at 105 degrees Centigrade (220 degrees Fahrenheit) for a minimum of 2 hours, cool for at least 1 hour in a desiccator containing anhydrous calcium sulfate, and individually weigh and record their weights to the nearest 0.1 mg. During the weighing, the filters shall not be exposed to the laboratory atmosphere for a period of more than 2 minutes and a relative humidity above 50%. Procedures, other than those specified, that account for relative humidity effects may be used, subject to the approval of the department.
Container Nos. 1, 1A. Carefully remove the filters from the filter holders and place in their identified containers. Use a pair of tweezers or clean disposable surgical gloves, or both, to handle the filters. Carefully transfer to the container any particulate matter or filter fibers, or both, that adhere to the filter holder gasket by using a dry nylon bristle brush or sharpedged blade, or both. Seal the container.
Container No. 2. Taking care to see that dust on the outside of the probe or other exterior surfaces does not get into the sample, the testor shall quantitatively recover from particulate matter or any condensate from the nozzle, probe fitting, probe liner, and from both filter holders by washing these components with solvent and placing the wash in a glass container. Perform the solvent rinses as follows:
Carefully remove the probe nozzle and clean the inside surface by rinsing with solvent from a wash bottle and brushing with a nylon bristle brush. Brush until the solvent rinse shows no visible particles and then make a final rinse of the inside surface with solvent. Brush and rinse the inside parts of the Swagelok fitting with solvent in a similar way until no visible particles remain. Rinse the probe liner with solvent by tilting and rotating the probe while squirting solvent into its upper end so that all inside surfaces are wetted with acetone. Let the solvent drain from the lower end into the sample container. A glass or polyethylene funnel may be used to aid in transferring liquid washes to the container. Follow the solvent rinse with a probe brush. Hold the probe in an inclined position and squirt solvent into the upper end as the probe brush is being pushed with a twisting action through the probe; hold a sample container underneath the lower end of the probe and catch any solvent and particulate matter that is brushed from the probe. Run the brush through the probe 3 or more times until no visible particulate matter is carried out with the solvent or until none remains in the probe liner on visual inspection. With stainless steel or other metal probes, run the brush through, in the above prescribed manner, not less than 6 times, since metal probes have small crevices in which particulate matter can be entrapped. Rinse the brush with solvent and quantitatively collect these washings in the sample container. After the brushing, make a final solvent rinse of the probe as described above. It is recommended that 2 people be used to clean the probe to minimize sample losses. Between sampling runs, keep brushes clean and protected from contamination. After ensuring that all joints have been wiped clean of silicone grease, clean the inside of both filter holders by rubbing the surfaces with a nylon bristle brush and rinsing with solvent. Rinse each surface 3 times, or more if needed, to remove visible particulate. Make a final rinse of the brush and filter holder. After all solvent washings and particulate matter have been collected in the sample container, tighten the lid on the sample container so that solvent will not leak out when it is shipped to the laboratory. Mark the height of the fluid level to determine whether or not leakage occurred during transport. Label the container to clearly identify its contents.
Container No. 3. Note the color of the indicating silica gel to determine if it has been completely spent and make a notation of its condition. Transfer the silica gel from the third impinger to its original container and seal. A funnel may make it easier to pour the silica gel without spilling it. A rubber policeman may be used as an aid in removing the silica gel from the impinger. It is not necessary to remove the small amount of dust particles that adhere to the impinger wall and are difficult to remove. Since the gain in weight is to be used for moisture calculations, do not use any water or other liquids to transfer the silica gel. If a balance is available in the field, follow the procedure for container No. 3 in paragraph (iii) of this subdivision. Impinger water. Treat the impingers as follows: Make a notation of any color or film in the liquid catch. Measure the liquid that is in the first 2 impingers to within ±1 ml by using a graduated cylinder or by weighing it to within ±1.0 g by using a balance if none is available. Record the volume or weight of liquid present. This information is required to calculate the moisture content of the effluent gas. Discard the liquid after measuring and recording the volume or weight, unless analysis of the impinger catch is required (see subdivision (b)(i)(G) of this rule). If a different type of condenser is used, measure the amount of moisture condensed either volumetrically or gravimetrically. Whenever possible, containers shall be shipped in a manner that keeps them upright at all times.
Container Nos. 1, 1A. Analyze and report each filter separately. Transfer the filter and any loose particulate from the sample container to a tared-glass weighing dish. Dry the filter in an oven at 105 degrees Centigrade (220 degrees Fahrenheit) for a minimum of 2 hours, cool for at least 1 hour in a desiccator containing anhydrous calcium sulfate, and weigh and record its weight to the nearest 0.1 mg. During the weighing, the filter shall not be exposed to the laboratory atmosphere for a period of more than 2 minutes or a relative humidity above 50%. Procedures, other than those specified, that account for relative humidity effects may be used, subject to the approval of the department. The method used for the drying and weighing of filters shall be consistent before and after the test.
Container No. 2. Note the level of liquid in the container and confirm on the analysis sheet whether or not leakage occurred during transport. If a noticeable amount of leakage has occurred, either void the sample or use methods, subject to the approval of the department, to correct the final results. Measure the liquid in this container either volumetrically to ±1 ml or gravimetrically to ±1.0 g. Transfer the contents to a tared 250-ml beaker and evaporate to dryness either at ambient temperature and pressure for acetone or at 95 degrees Centigrade (203 degrees Fahrenheit) in an oven for distilled water. Then subject the sample to 250 degrees Centigrade (482 degrees Fahrenheit) in an oven for 2 to 3 hours. Desiccate for 24 hours and weigh to a constant weight. Report the results to the nearest 0.1 mg.
Container No. 3. Weigh the spent silica gel, or silica gel plus impinger, to the nearest 0.5 g using a balance. This step may be conducted in the field. "Solvent blank" container. Measure solvent in this container either volumetrically or gravimetrically. Transfer the contents to a tared 250-ml beaker and evaporate to dryness either at ambient temperature and pressure for acetone or at 95 degrees Centigrade (203 degrees Fahrenheit) in an oven for distilled water. Then subject the sample to 250 degrees Centigrade (482 degrees Fahrenheit) in an oven for 2 to 3 hours. Desiccate for 24 hours and weigh to a constant weight. Report the results to the nearest 0.1 mg. If acetone is used, the contents of container No. 2, as well as the acetone blank container, may be evaporated at temperatures higher than ambient. If evaporation is done at an elevated temperature, the temperature shall be closely supervised, and the contents of the beaker shall be swirled occasionally to maintain an even temperature. Use extreme care, as acetone is highly flammable and has a low flash point.
An = Cross-sectional area of nozzle, m2(ft.2).
A = Cross-sectional area of stack or flue at the point of sampling, ft2.
B ws = Water vapor in the gas stream, proportion by volume, expressed as a fraction.
B wi = Percent water vapor in gas entering source particulate control device determined by method 4.
B wo = Percent water vapor in gas exiting source particulate control device.
Ca = Wash blank residue concentration, mg/g.
Cs = Concentration of particulate matter in stack gas, pounds per 1,000 pounds of actual stack gas.
C sD = Concentration of particulate matter in stack gas, moisture excluded, pounds per 1000 pounds of dry stack gas.
Cs50 = Concentration of particulate matter corrected to 50% excess air, pounds per 1000 pounds of stack gas.
Cs50D = Concentration of particulate matter corrected to 50% excess air, excluding any water addition from a collector, pounds per 1000 pounds of stack gas.
E = Mass emission rate of particulate, lb/hr.
F50 = Concentration conversion factor to 50% excess air with no moisture alterations in exhaust.
F50D = Concentration conversion factor to 50% excess air, excluding any moisture added to exhaust gas by pollution collection system.
FD = Concentration conversion factor to dry basis, excluding any water in the stack gas.
I = Percent of isokinetic sampling.
L a = Maximum acceptable leakage rate for either a pretest leak check or for a leak check following a component change; equal to 0.00057 m3;/min (0.02 cfm) or 4% of the average sampling rate, whichever is less.
Li = Individual leakage rate observed during the leak check conducted before the "ith" component change (i = 1, 2, 3 . . . . n), m3/min (cfm).
Lp = Leakage rate observed during the post-test leak check, m3/min (cfm).
Md = Molecular weight of dry stack gas, g/g mole (lb/lb-mole), calculated by method 3, equation 3-2, using data from integrated method 3.
mn = Total amount of particulate matter collected, mg.
Mw = Molecular weight of water, 18.0 g/g-mole (18.0 lb/lb-mole).
ma = Mass of residue of solvent after evaporation, mg.
mg = Total weight of gas samples through nozzle, lb.
P bar = Barometric pressure at the sampling site, mm Hg (in. Hg).
Ps = Absolute stack gas pressure.
Pstd = Standard absolute pressure, 760 mm Hg (29.92 in. Hg).
R = Ideal gas constant, 0.06236 mm Hg-m3;/Chr(176)K-g-mole (21.85 in.Hg-ft.3;/Chr(176)R?lb-mole).
T m = Absolute average dry-gas meter temperature (see figure 104), Chr(176)K (Chr(176)R).
Ts = Absolute average stack gas temperature (see figure 104), Chr(176)K (Chr(176)R).
Tstd = Standard absolute temperature, 294.IChr(176)K (530Chr(176)R).
V a = Volume of solvent blank, ml.
V aw = Volume of solvent used in wash, ml.
V lc = Total volume of liquid collected in impingers and silica gel (see figure 106), ml.
Vm = Volume of gas sample as measured by the dry-gas meter, dcm (dcf).
V m(std) = Volume of gas sample measured by the dry-gas meter, corrected to standard conditions, dscm (dscf).
V w(std) = Volume of water vapor in the gas sample, corrected to standard conditions, scm (scf).
V s = Stack gas velocity, calculated by method 2, equation 2-9, using data obtained from method 5, m/sec (ft./sec).
Wa = Weight of residue in solvent wash, mg.
V = Dry-gas meter calibration factor.
[DELTA]H = Average pressure differential across the orifice meter (see figure 104), mm H20 (in. H20).
%02 = Percent oxygen in stack gas by volume (dry basis).
%N2 = Percent nitrogen in stack gas by volume (dry basis).
p a = Density of solvent, mg/ml.
p s(std) = Density of all sampled gas at standard conditions, lb/ft.3;
pw = Density of water, 0.9982 g/ml (0.002201 lb/ml).
[THETA] = Total sample time, min.
[THETA]1 = Sample time, interval, from the beginning of a run until the first component change, min.
[THETA]i = Sampling time interval, between 2 successive component changes, beginning with the interval between the first and second changes, min.
[THETA]p = Sampling time interval, from the final (nth) component change until the end of the sampling run, min.
13.6 = Specific gravity of mercury.
60 = Sec/min.
100 = Conversion to percent.
386.9 = Cubic feet per lb-mole of ideal gas at standard conditions.
453.6 = Conversion of pounds to grams.
3600 = Conversion of hours to sec.
1000 = Conversion of 1000 lb units to lb units.
equation 5-1
Where:
K1 = 0.3869 °K/mm Hg for metric units.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO] 17.71 °R/in. Hg for English units.
Equation 5-1 can be used as written. However, if the leakage rate observed during any of the mandatory leak checks (for example, the post-test leak check or leak checks conducted prior to component changes) exceeds La, equation 5-1 shall be modified as follows:
and substitute only for those leakage rates (Li or Lp) that exceed La.
equation 5-2
Where:
K2 = 0.001338 m3/ml for metric units.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO] 0.04733 ft.3/ml for English units.
equation 5-3
In saturated or water droplet-laden gas streams, 2 calculations of the moisture content of the stack gas shall be made: 1 from the impinger analysis (equation 5-3), and a second from the assumption of saturated conditions. The lower of the 2 values of Bws shall be considered correct. The procedure for determining the moisture content based upon assumption of saturated conditions is given in the note of section 1.2 of method 4. For the purpose of this method, the average stack gas temperature from figure 104 may be used to make the determination, if the accuracy of the in-stack temperature sensor is ±1 degree Centigrade (2 degrees Fahrenheit).
equation 5-4
equation 5-5
Refer to subdivision (d)(i)(E) of this rule to assist in the calculation of results involving 2 or more pairs of filters or 2 or more sampling trains.
equation 5-6
equation 5-7
equation 5-8
equation 5-9
equation 5-10
equation 5-11
equation 5-12
equation 5-13
equation 5-14
equation 5-15
Where:
K3 = 63.77 for English units.
equation 5-16
Where: K4 = 0.003458 mm Hg - m3; ml - Chr(176)K for metric units.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO] 0.002672 in. Hg - ft.3;/ml - Chr(176)R for English units.
equation 5-17
Where:
K5 = 4.307 for metric units.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO] 0.09409 for English units.
Appendix A, Method 5. August 18, 1977.
Equipment. Environmental Protection Agency. Research Triangle Park, N.C.APTD-0581. April, 1971.
Tube Coefficients and Dry Molecular Weights." Stack Sampling News 2:4-11.October, 1974.
Natural Resources, Air Quality Division. June 1, 1977.
Mich. Admin. Code R. 336.2012