Mich. Admin. Code R. 336.2011
Rule 1011. Reference test method 5B, in-stack filtration method, reads as follows:
The operating and maintenance procedures for many, but not all, of the sampling train are described in APTD-0576. (See subdivision (g)(iii) of this rule.) Since correct usage is important in obtaining valid results, all users shall read APTD-0576 and adopt the applicable operating and maintenance procedures outlined in it, unless otherwise specified herein. The sampling train shall consist of the following components:
A range of nozzle sizes suitable for isokinetic sampling shall be available, for example, 0.32 to 1.27 cm (1/8 to 1/2 in. or larger if higher volume sampling trains are used inside diameter (ID) nozzles in increments of 0.16 cm (1/16 in.). Each nozzle shall be calibrated according to the procedures outlined in subdivision (e) of this rule.
Materials of construction may be stainless steel (316), glass, teflon, or other material approved by the department.
Sampling trains utilizing metering systems designed for higher flow rates than those described in APTD-0581 or APTD-0576 may be used if the specifications of this method are met.
"Construction Details of Isokinetic Source Sampling Equipment," APTD-0581, April 1971 (PB203-060-LL), and "Maintenance, Calibration, and Operation of Isokinetic Source Sampling Equipment," APTD-0576, March 1972 (PB209-022-LL), are adopted by reference in this rule. Copies of these documents may be inspected at the Lansing office of the air quality division of the department of environmental quality. Copies of APTD-0581 and APTD-0576 may be obtained from the Department of Environmental Quality, Air Quality Division, P.O. Box 30260, Lansing, Michigan 48909-7760, or from the National Technical Information Service, U.S. Department of Commerce, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, Virginia 22161, at a cost at the time of adoption of these rules of $28.50 each.
If distilled water is used for washing solvent, use distilled water with less than 0.001% residue. Run blanks before field use to eliminate a high blank on test samples.
Weigh several 200 to 300 g portions of silica gel in airtight containers to the nearest 0.5 g. Record the total weight of the silica gel plus container on each container. As an alternative, the silica gel need not be preweighed, but may be weighed directly in its impinger or sampling holder just before train assembly. Check filters visually against light for irregularities, flaws, pinhole leaks, or cracks. Label filters of the proper size on the back side using numbering machine ink. As an alternative, label the shipping containers (subdivision (b)(ii)(D) of this rule) and keep the filters in these containers at all times, except during sampling and weighing. Dry the filters in an oven at 105 degrees Centigrade (220 degrees Fahrenheit) for a minimum of 2 hours, cool for at least 1 hour in a desiccator containing anhydrous calcium sulfate, and individually weigh and record their weights to the nearest 0.1 mg. During the weighing, the filter shall not be exposed to the laboratory atmosphere for a period of more than 2 minutes and a relative humidity above 50%. Procedures, other than those specified, that account for relative humidity effects may be used, subject to the approval of the department.
During the run, do not change the nozzle size. Ensure that the proper differential pressure gauge is chosen for the range of velocity heads encountered (see section 2.2 of method 2).
Select a suitable probe liner and probe length so that all traverse points may be sampled. For large stacks, sampling from opposite sides of the stack may reduce the length of probes.
Select a total sampling time greater than or equal to the minimum total sampling time specified in the departments rules so that the sampling time per point is not less than 5 minutes, unless approved by the department, or some greater time interval as specified by the department, and so that the sample volume taken, corrected to standard conditions, exceeds the required minimum total gas sample volume. The latter is based on an approximate average sampling rate.
The number of minutes sampled at each point may be an integer or an integer plus 1/2 minute to avoid timekeeping errors. In some circumstances, such as in batch cycles, it may be necessary to sample for shorter times at the traverse points and to obtain smaller gas sample volumes. In these cases, the departments approval shall first be obtained.
Place crushed ice around the impingers.
When the stack is under significant negative pressure (height of impinger stem), take care to pull lowflow when inserting the probe into the stack to prevent water from backing into the sample tubing and to avoid pulsation through the filter and possible loss of materials. When the probe is in position, block off the openings around the probe and porthole to prevent unrepresentative dilution of the gas stream.
Traverse the stack cross section, as required by method 1 or as specified by the department, being careful not to bump the probe nozzle into the stack walls when sampling near the walls or when removing or inserting the probe through the portholes; this minimizes the chance of extracting deposited material. During the test run, add more ice and, if necessary, salt to maintain a temperature of less than 20 degrees Centigrade (68 degrees Fahrenheit) at the condenser/silica gel outlet. Also, periodically check the level and zero of the manometer. If the pressure drop across the filter becomes too high and makes isokinetic sampling difficult to maintain, the filter may be replaced in the midst of a sample run. It is recommended that another complete filter assembly be used rather than attempting to change the filter itself. Before a new filter assembly is installed, conduct a leak check (paragraph (i)(D)(2) of this subdivision). The total particulate weight shall include the summation of all filter assembly catches. A single train shall be used for the entire sample run, except in cases where simultaneous sampling is required in 2 or more separate ducts, at 2 or more different locations within the same duct, or where equipment failure necessitates a change of trains. In all other situations, the use of 2 or more trains shall be subject to the approval of the department. When 2 or more trains are used, separate analyses of the front-half and, if applicable, impinger catches from each train shall be performed, unless identical nozzle sizes were used on all trains. If identical nozzle sizes were used, the front-half catches from the individual trains may be combined, as may the impinger catches, and 1 analysis of front-half catch and 1 analysis of impinger catch may be performed. Consult with the department for details concerning the calculation of results when 2 or more trains are used. At the end of the sample run, turn off the coarse adjust valve, remove the probe and nozzle from the stack, turn off the pump, record the final dry-gas meter reading, and conduct a post-test leak check, as outlined in paragraph (i)(D)(3) of this subdivision. Leak-check the pitot lines as described in method 2, section 3.1; the lines shall pass this leak check to validate the velocity head data.
Impinger water. Treat the impingers in the following manner: Make a notation of any color or film in the liquid catch. Measure the liquid that is in the first 2 impingers to within ±1 ml by using a graduated cylinder or by weighing it to within ±1.0 g by using a balance if one is available. Record the volume or weight of liquid present. This information is required to calculate the moisture content of the effluent gas. Discard the liquid after measuring and recording the volume or weight, unless analysis of the impinger catch is required (subdivision (b)(i)(G) of this rule). If a different type of condenser is used, measure the amount of moisture condensed either volumetrically or gravimetrically. If possible, containers shall be shipped in a manner that keeps them upright at all times.
Other forms of the equations may be used if they give equivalent results. The following provisions apply to calculations:
An = Cross-sectional area of nozzle, m2(ft.2).
A = Cross-sectional area of stack or flue at the point of sampling, ft2.
B ws = Water vapor in the gas stream, proportion by volume, expressed as a fraction.
B wi = Percent water vapor in gas entering source particulate control device determined by method 4.
B wo = Percent water vapor in gas exiting source particulate control device.
Ca = Wash blank residue concentration, mg/g.
Cs = Concentration of particulate matter in stack gas, pounds per 1,000 pounds of actual stack gas.
C sD = Concentration of particulate matter in stack gas, moisture excluded, pounds per 1000 pounds of dry stack gas.
Cs50 = Concentration of particulate matter corrected to 50% excess air, pounds per 1000 pounds of stack gas.
Cs50D = Concentration of particulate matter corrected to 50% excess air, excluding any water addition from a collector, pounds per 1000 pounds of stack gas.
E = Mass emission rate of particulate, lb/hr.
F50 = Concentration conversion factor to 50% excess air with no moisture alterations in exhaust.
F50D = Concentration conversion factor to 50% excess air, excluding any moisture added to exhaust gas by pollution collection system.
FD = Concentration conversion factor to dry basis, excluding any water in the stack gas.
I = Percent of isokinetic sampling.
L a = Maximum acceptable leakage rate for either a pretest leak check or for a leak check following a component change; equal to 0.00057 m3/min (0.02 cfm) or 4% of the average sampling rate, whichever is less.
Li = Individual leakage rate observed during the leak check conducted before the "ith" component change (i = 1, 2, 3 . . . . n), m3/min (cfm).
Lp = Leakage rate observed during the post-test leak check, m3/min (cfm).
Md = Molecular weight of dry stack gas, g/g mole (lb/lb-mole), calculated by method 3, equation 3-2, using data from integrated method 3.
mn = Total amount of particulate matter collected, mg.
Mw = Molecular weight of water, 18.0 g/g-mole (18.0 lb/lb-mole).
ma = Mass of residue of solvent after evaporation, mg.
mg = Total weight of gas samples through nozzle, lb.
P bar = Barometric pressure at the sampling site, mm Hg (in. Hg).
Ps = Absolute stack gas pressure.
Pstd = Standard absolute pressure, 760 mm Hg (29.92 in. Hg).
R = Ideal gas constant, 0.06236 mm Hg-m3/°K-g-mole (21.85 in.Hg-ft.3/°R?1b-mole).
T m = Absolute average dry-gas meter temperature (see figure 104), °K (°R).
Ts = Absolute average stack gas temperature (see figure 104), °K (°R).
Tstd = Standard absolute temperature, 294.I°K (530°R).
V a = Volume of solvent blank, ml.
V aw = Volume of solvent used in wash, ml.
V Ic = Total volume of liquid collected in impingers and silica gel (see figure 106), ml.
Vm = Volume of gas sample as measured by the dry-gas meter, dcm (dcf).
V m(std) = Volume of gas sample measured by the dry-gas meter, corrected to standard conditions, dscm (dscf).
V w(std) = Volume of water vapor in the gas sample, corrected to standard conditions, scm (scf).
V s = Stack gas velocity, calculated by method 2, equation 2-9, using data obtained from method 5, m/sec (ft./sec).
Wa = Weight of residue in solvent wash, mg.
Y = Dry-gas meter calibration factor.
[DELTA]H = Average pressure differential across the orifice meter (see figure 104), mm H20 (in. H20).
%02 = Percent oxygen in stack gas by volume (dry basis).
%N2 = Percent nitrogen in stack gas by volume (dry basis).
p a = Density of solvent, mg/ml.
p s(std) = Density of all sampled gas at standard conditions, lb/ft.3.
pw = Density of water, 0.9982 g/ml (0.002201 lb/ml).
[THETA] = Total sample time, min.
[THETA]1 = Sample time, interval, from the beginning of a run until the first component change, min.
[THETA]i = Sampling time interval, between 2 successive component changes, beginning with the interval between the first and second changes, min.
[THETA]p = Sampling time interval, from the final (nth) component change until the end of the sampling run, min.
13.6 = Specific gravity of mercury.
60 = Sec/min.
100 = Conversion to percent.
386.9 = Cubic feet per lb-mole of ideal gas at standard conditions.
453.6 = Conversion of pounds to grams.
3600 = Conversion of hours to sec.
1000 = Conversion of 1000 lb units to lb units.
equation 5-1
Where:
K1 = 0.3869 Chr(176)K/mm Hg for metric units.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO] 17.71 Chr(176)R/in. Hg for English units.
Equation 5-1 may be used as written. However, if the leakage rate observed during any of the mandatory leak checks (for example, the post-test leak check or leak checks conducted before component changes) exceeds La, equation 5-1 shall be modified in the following manner:
and substitute only for those leakage rates (Li or Lp) that exceed La.
equation 5-2
Where:
K2 = 0.001338 m3/ml for metric units.
equation 5-3
In saturated or water droplet-laden gas streams, 2 calculations of the moisture content of the stack gas shall be made: 1 from the impinger analysis (equation 5-3), and a second from the assumption of saturated conditions. The lower of the 2 values of Bws shall be considered correct. The procedure for determining the moisture content based upon assumption of saturated conditions is given in the note of section 1.2 of method 4. For the purpose of this method, the average stack gas temperature from figure 104 may be used to make the determination, if the accuracy of the instack temperature sensor is ±1 degree Centigrade (2 degrees Fahrenheit).
equation 5-4
equation 5-5
Refer to subdivision (d)(i)(E) of this rule to assist in the calculation of results involving 2 or more pairs of filters or 2 or more sampling trains.
equation 5-6
equation 5-7
equation 5-8
equation 5-9
equation 5-10
equation 5-11
equation 5-12
equation 5-13
equation 5-14
equation 5-15
Where:
K3 = 63.77 for English units.
equation 5-16
Where:
K4 = 0.003458 mm Hg - m3;ml - °K for metric units.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO] 0.002672 in. Hg - ft.3/ml - °R for English units.
equation 5-17
Where:
K5 = 4.307 for metric units.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO] 0.09409 for English units.
Mich. Admin. Code R. 336.2011