La. Admin. Code tit. 28 § LXXXI-2705

Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 11, November 20, 2024
Section LXXXI-2705 - Mathematics
A. Number and Number Relations Strand (N). In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of the real number system and communicate the relationships within that system using a variety of techniques and tools.

N-1-M

Demonstrating that a rational number can be expressed in many forms, and selecting an appropriate form for a given situation (e.g., fractions, decimals, and percents).

N-2-M

Demonstrating number sense and estimation skills to describe, order, and compare rational numbers (e.g., magnitude, integers, fractions, decimals, and percents).

N-3-M

Reading, writing, representing, and using rational numbers in a variety of forms (e.g., integers, mixed numbers, and improper fractions).

N-4-M

Demonstrating a conceptual understanding of the meaning of the basic arithmetic operations (add, subtract, multiply, and divide) and their relationships to each other.

N-5-M

Applying an understanding of rational numbers and arithmetic operations to real-life situations.

N-6-M

Constructing, using, and explaining procedures to compute and estimate with rational number employing mental math strategies.

N-7-M

Selecting and using appropriate computational methods and tools for given situations involving rational numbers (e.g., estimation, or exact computation using mental arithmetic, calculator, computer, or paper and pencil).

N-1-H

Demonstrating an understanding of the real number system.

N-2-H

Demonstrating that a number can be expressed in many forms, and selecting an appropriate form for a given situation (e.g., fractions, decimals, percents, and scientific notation).

N-3-H

Using number sense to estimate and determine if solutions are reasonable.

N-4-H

Determining whether an exact or approximate answer is necessary.

N-5-H

Selecting and using appropriate computational methods and tools for given situations (e.g., estimation, or exact computation using mental arithmetic, calculator, symbolic manipulator, or paper and pencil).

N-6-H

Applying ratios and proportional thinking in a variety of situations (e.g., finding a missing term of a proportion).

N-7-H

Justifying reasonableness of solutions and verifying results.

B. Algebra Strand (A). In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of concepts and processes that allow them to analyze, represent, and describe relationships among variable quantities and to apply algebraic methods to real-world situations.

A-1-M

Demonstrating a conceptual understanding of variables, expressions, equations, and inequalities (e.g., symbolically represent real-world problems as linear terms, equations, or inequalities).

A-2-M

Modeling and developing methods for solving equations and inequalities (e.g., using charts, graphs, manipulatives, and/or standard algebraic procedures).

A-3-M

Representing situations and number patterns with tables, graphs, and verbal and written statements, while exploring the relationships among these representations (e.g., multiple representations for the same situation).

A-4-M

Analyzing tables and graphs to identify relationships exhibited by the data and making generalizations based upon these relationships.

A-5-M

Demonstrating the connection or algebra to the other strands and to real-life situations.

A-1-H

Demonstrating the ability to translate real-world situations (e.g., distance versus time relationships, population growth functions for diseases, growth of minimum wage, auto insurance tables) into algebraic expressions, equations, and inequalities and vice versa.

A-2-H

Recognizing the relationship between operations involving real numbers and operations involving algebraic expressions.

A-3-H

Using tables and graphs as tools to interpret algebraic expressions, equations, and inequalities.

A-4-H

Solving algebraic equations and inequalities using a variety of techniques with the appropriate tools (e.g., hand-held manipulatives, graphing calculator, symbolic manipulator, or pencil and paper).

C. Measurement Strand (M). In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of the concepts, processes, and real-life applications of measurements.

M-1-M

Applying the concepts of length, area, surface area, volume capacity, weight, mass, money, time, temperature, and rate to real-world experiences.

M-2-M

Demonstrating an intuitive sense of measurement (e.g., estimating and determining reasonableness of measures).

M-3-M

Selecting appropriate units and tools for tasks by considering the purpose for the measurement and the precision required for the task (e.g., length of a room in feet rather than inches).

M-4-M

Using intuition and estimation skills to describe, order, and compare formal and informal measures (e.g., ordering cup, pint, quart, gallon; comparing a meter to a yard).

M-5-M

Converting from one unit of measurement to another within the same system. (Comparisons between systems, customary and metric, should be based on intuitive reference points, not formal computation.)

M-6-M

Demonstrating the connection of measurement to the other strands and to real-life situations.

M-1-H

Selecting and using appropriate units, techniques, and tools to measure quantities in order to achieve specified degrees of precision, accuracy, and error (or tolerance) of measurements.

M-2-H

Demonstrating an intuitive sense of measurement (e.g., estimating and determining reasonableness of results as related to area, volume, mass, rate, and distance).

M-3-H

Estimating, computing, and applying physical measurement using suitable units (e.g., calculate perimeter and area of plane figures, surface area and volume of solids presented in real-world situations).

M-4-H

Demonstrating the concept of measurement as it applies to real-world experiences.

D. Geometry Strand (G). In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of geometric concepts and applications involving the one-, two-, and three-dimensional geometry, and justify their findings.

G-1-M

Using estimation skills to describe, order, and compare geometric measures.

G-2-M

Identifying describing, comparing, constructing, and classifying geometric figures and concepts.

G-3-M

Making predictions regarding transformations of geometric figures (e.g., make predictions regarding translations, reflections, and rotations of common figures).

G-4-M

Constructing two- and three-dimensional models.

G-5-M

Making and testing conjectures about geometric shapes and their properties.

G-6-M

Demonstrating an understanding of the coordinate system (e.g., locate points, identify coordinates, and graph points in a coordinate plane to represent real-world situations).

G-7-M

Demonstrating the connection of geometry to the other strands and to real-life situations (e.g., applications of the Pythagorean Theorem).

G-1-H

Identifying, describing, comparing, constructing, and classifying geometric figures in two and three dimensions using technology where appropriate to explore and make conjectures about geometric concepts and figures.

G-2-H

Representing and solving problems using geometric models and the properties of those models (e.g., Pythagorean Theorem of formulas involving radius, diameter, and circumference).

G-3-H

Solving problems using coordinate methods, as well as synthetic and transformational methods (e.g., transform on a coordinate plane a design found in real-life situations).

G-4-H

Using inductive reasoning to predict, discover, and apply geometric properties and relationships (e.g., patty paper constructions, cum of the angles in a polygon).

G-5-H

Classifying figures in terms of congruence and similarity and applying these relationships.

G-6-H

Demonstrating deductive reasoning and mathematical justification (e.g., oral explanation, informal proof, and paragraph proof).

E. Data, Discrete Math, and Probability Strand (D). In problem-solving investigations, students discover trends, formulate conjectures regarding cause-and-effect relationships, and demonstrate critical thinking skills in order to make informed decisions.

D-3-H

Using simulations to estimate probabilities (e.g., lists and tree diagrams).

D-7-H

Making inferences from data that are organized in charts, tables, and graphs (e.g., pictograph; bar, line, or circle graph; stem-and-leaf plot or scatter plot).

D-8-H

Using logical thinking procedures, such as flow charts, Venn diagrams, and truth tables.

D-9-H

Using discrete math to model real-life situations (e.g., fair games or elections, map coloring).

F. Patterns, Relations, and Functions (P). In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate understanding of patterns, relations, and functions that represent and explain real-world situations.

P-1-H

Modeling the concepts of variables, functions, and relations as they occur in the real world and using the appropriate notation and terminology.

P-2-H

Translating between tabular, symbolic, or graphic representations of functions.

P-3-H

Recognizing behavior of families of elementary functions, such as polynomial, trigonometric, and exponential functions, and, where appropriate, using graphing technologies to represent them.

P-4-H

Analyzing the effects of changes in parameters (e.g., coefficients and constants) on the graphs of functions, using technology whenever possible.

P-5-H

Analyzing real-world relationships that can be modeled by elementary functions.

La. Admin. Code tit. 28, § LXXXI-2705

Promulgated by the Department of Education, Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, Career and Technical Education, LR 30:2729 (December 2004).
AUTHORITY NOTE: Promulgated in accordance with R.S. 6:(A)(10) and R.S. 17:10.