(a) The Secretary of Natural Resources shall adopt rules pursuant to 3 V.S.A. chapter 25 consistent with the Vermont Climate Action Plan (Plan). In adopting rules pursuant to this section the Secretary shall:(1) Ensure that the rules are consistent with the specific initiatives, programs, and strategies set forth in the Plan and updates to the Plan; follow the Vermont Climate Council's guidance provided pursuant to subdivision 591(b)(4) of this chapter; and further the objectives pursuant to subsection 592(d) of this chapter.(2) Develop a detailed record containing facts; data; and legal, scientific, and technical information sufficient to establish a reasonable basis to believe that the rules shall achieve the State's greenhouse gas emissions reductions requirements pursuant to section 578 of this title. This detailed record shall be included with the rule and filed with the Secretary of State pursuant to 3 V.S.A. § 838.(b) On or before December 1, 2022, the Secretary shall adopt and implement rules consistent with the specific initiatives, programs, and strategies set forth in the Plan and achieve the 2025 greenhouse gas emissions reduction requirement pursuant to section 578 of this title.(c) The Secretary shall conduct public hearings across the State concerning the proposed rules. The Secretary shall conduct a portion of these hearings in areas and communities that have the most significant exposure to the impacts of climate change, including disadvantaged, low-income, and rural communities and areas.(d) The Secretary shall, on or before July 1, 2024, review and, if necessary, update the rules required by subsection (b) of this section in order to ensure that the 2025 greenhouse gas emissions reduction requirement pursuant to section 578 of this title is achieved. In performing this review and update, the Secretary shall observe the requirements of subsection (c) of this section.(e) On or before July 1, 2026, the Secretary shall adopt and implement rules consistent with the specific initiatives, programs, and strategies set forth in the Plan and updates to the Plan and achieve the 2030 greenhouse gas emissions reduction requirement pursuant to section 578 of this title. The Secretary shall observe the requirements of subsection (c) of this section.(f) The Secretary shall, at his or her discretion, but not less frequently than once every two years between 2026 and 2030, review and, if necessary, update the rules required by subsection (e) of this section in order to ensure that the 2030 greenhouse gas emissions reduction requirement pursuant to section 578 of this title is achieved. In performing this review and update, the Secretary shall observe the requirements of subsection (c) of this section.(g) On or before July 1, 2040, the Secretary shall adopt and implement rules consistent with the specific initiatives, programs, and strategies set forth in the Plan and updates to the Plan and achieve the 2050 greenhouse gas emissions reduction requirement pursuant to section 578 of this title.(h) The Secretary shall, at his or her discretion, but not less frequently than once every two years between 2040 and 2050, review and, if necessary, update the rules required by subsection (g) of this section in order to ensure that the 2050 greenhouse gas emissions reduction requirement pursuant to section 578 of this title is achieved. In performing this review and update, the Secretary shall observe the requirements of subsection (c) of this section.(i) The Secretary may establish alternative reduction mechanisms to be used by sources of greenhouse gas emissions, if necessary, to achieve net zero emissions after 2050. (1) The use of alternative reduction mechanisms shall account for not more than 20 percent of statewide greenhouse gas emissions estimated as a percentage of 1990 emissions. The use of a mechanism must offset a quantity of greenhouse gas emissions equal to or greater than the amount of greenhouse gasses emitted.(2) The Secretary shall verify that any greenhouse gas emissions offset projects authorized as alternative reduction mechanisms represent equivalent emissions reductions or carbon sequestration that are real, additional, verifiable, enforceable, and permanent.(j) If the Council fails to adopt the Plan or update the Plan as required by section 592 of this chapter, the Secretary shall adopt and implement rules pursuant to 3 V.S.A. chapter 25 to achieve the greenhouse gas emissions reductions requirements pursuant to section 578 of this title.(k) Nothing in this section shall be construed to limit the existing authority of a State agency, department, or entity to regulate greenhouse gas emissions or establish strategies or adopt rules to mitigate climate risk and build resilience to climate change.(l) The General Assembly may repeal, revise, or modify any rule or amendment to any rule, and its action shall not be abridged, enlarged, or modified by subsequent rule.Added 2019, No. 153 (Adj. Sess.), § 4, eff. 9/22/2020.