49 U.S.C. § 44303
HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTE | ||
Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
44303 | 49 App.:1533. | Aug. 23, 1958, Pub. L. 85-726, §1303, 72 Stat. 801; restated Nov. 9, 1977, Pub. L. 95-163, §3, 91 Stat. 1279. |
EDITORIAL NOTES
CODIFICATIONThe text of section 201(b)(2) of Pub. L. 107-42 which was transferred and redesignated so as to appear as subsec. (b) of this section and amended by Pub. L. 107-296 was based on Pub. L. 107-42, title II, §201(b)(2), Sept. 22, 2001, 115 Stat. 235, formerly included in a note set out under section 40101 of this title.
AMENDMENTS2022-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 117-328 substituted "sections 44302 and 44302a" for "section 44302" in introductory provisions. 2014-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113-235 substituted "December 11, 2014" for "the date specified in section 106(3) of the Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2015". Pub. L. 113-164 substituted "the date specified in section 106(3) of the Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2015" for "September 30, 2014". Pub. L. 113-76 substituted "September 30, 2014" for "the date specified in section 106(3) of the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014". 2013-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113-46 substituted "the date specified in section 106(3) of the Continuing Appropriations Act, 2014" for "December 31, 2013".2012-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112-95 substituted "ending on December 31, 2013, the Secretary may certify" for "ending on May 17, 2012, the Secretary may certify". Pub. L. 112-91 substituted "May 17, 2012," for "April 30, 2012,". 2011-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 112-30 substituted "April 30, 2012," for "December 31, 2011,". Pub. L. 112-27 substituted "December 31, 2011," for "October 31, 2011,". Pub. L. 112-21 substituted "October 31, 2011," for "September 30, 2011,". Pub. L. 112-16 substituted "September 30, 2011," for "August 31, 2011,". Pub. L. 112-7 substituted "August 31, 2011," for "June 30, 2011,".2010-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111-329 substituted "June 30, 2011," for "March 31, 2011,". Pub. L. 111-249 substituted "March 31, 2011," for "December 31, 2010,". Pub. L. 111-216 substituted "December 31, 2010," for "October 31, 2010,". Pub. L. 111-197 substituted "October 31, 2010," for "September 30, 2010,". Pub. L. 111-161 substituted "September 30, 2010," for "July 31, 2010,". Pub. L. 111-153 substituted "July 31, 2010," for "June 30, 2010,". 2009-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 111-117 which directed the substitution of "December 31, 2010," for "December 31, 2009,", could not be executed due to the intervening amendment by Pub. L. 111-69. See below. Pub. L. 111-116 substituted "June 30, 2010," for "March 31, 2010,". Pub. L. 111-69 substituted "March 31, 2010," for "December 31, 2009,". Pub. L. 111-12 substituted "December 31, 2009," for "May 31, 2009,". 2008-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110-330 substituted "May 31, 2009," for "March 31, 2009,". Pub. L. 110-253 substituted "March 31, 2009" for "December 31, 2008". 2007-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110-161 substituted "2008," for "2006,".2005-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 109-115 substituted "2006" for "2005".2004-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108-447 substituted "2005" for "2004'. 2003-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 108-176, §106(a)(3)(A), substituted "IN GENERAL" for "IN GENERAL" in heading.Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 108-176, §106(a)(3)(B), added par. (6). Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 108-176, §106(b), inserted at end "The Secretary may extend the provisions of this subsection to an aircraft manufacturer (as defined in section 44301) of the aircraft of the air carrier involved." Pub. L. 108-11 substituted "2004" for "2003".2002- Pub. L. 107-296 designated existing provisions as subsec. (a), inserted heading, transferred and redesignated the text of section 201(b)(2) of Pub. L. 107-42 so as to appear as subsec. (b), in heading substituted "Air Carrier Liability for Third Party Claims Arising Out of Acts of Terrorism" for "Discretion of the Secretary", and in text substituted "the period beginning on September 22, 2001, and ending on December 31, 2003, the Secretary" for "the 180-day period following the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Transportation" and "this subsection" for "this paragraph". See Codification note above. 2001- Pub. L. 107-42, §201(b)(1)(A), inserted ", or reimburse insurance costs, as" after "insurance and reinsurance" in introductory provisions.Par. (1). Pub. L. 107-42, §201(b)(1)(B), inserted "in the interest of air commerce or national security or" before "to carry out the foreign policy".
STATUTORY NOTES AND RELATED SUBSIDIARIES
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2011 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 112-27 effective July 23, 2011, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 112-27 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 112-21 effective July 1, 2011, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 112-21 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 112-16 effective June 1, 2011, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 112-16 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 112-7 effective Apr. 1, 2011, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 112-7 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2010 AMENDMENTAmendment by Pub. L. 111-329 effective Jan. 1, 2011, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 111-329 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 111-249 effective Oct. 1, 2010, see section 5(l) of Pub. L. 111-249 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 111-216 effective Aug. 2, 2010, see section 104(j) of Pub. L. 111-216 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 111-197 effective July 4, 2010, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 111-197 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 111-161 effective May 1, 2010, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 111-161 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 111-153 effective Apr. 1, 2010, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 111-153 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2009 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 111-116 effective Jan. 1, 2010, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 111-116 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 111-12 effective Apr. 1, 2009, see section 5(j) of Pub. L. 111-12 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 110-330 effective Oct. 1, 2008, see section 5(l) of Pub. L. 110-330 set out as a note under section 40117 of this title.Amendment by Pub. L. 110-253 effective July 1, 2008, see section 3(d) of Pub. L. 110-253 set out as a note under section 9502 of Title 26, Internal Revenue Code.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2003 AMENDMENTAmendment by Pub. L. 108-176 applicable only to fiscal years beginning after Sept. 30, 2003, except as otherwise specifically provided, see section 3 of Pub. L. 108-176 set out as a note under section 106 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2002 AMENDMENTAmendment by Pub. L. 107-296 effective 60 days after Nov. 25, 2002, see section 4 of Pub. L. 107-296 set out as an Effective Date note under section 101 of Title 6, Domestic Security.
EXTENSION OF LIMITATION OF AIR CARRIER LIABILITY Pub. L. 109-289, div. B, title II, §21002(b), as added by Pub. L. 110-5, §2, Feb. 15, 2007, 121 Stat. 48, provided that subsec. (b) of this section would be applied by substituting "September 30, 2007" for "December 31, 2006".
- American aircraft
- "American aircraft" means-(A) a civil aircraft of the United States; and(B) an aircraft owned or chartered by, or made available to-(i) the United States Government; or(ii) a State, the District of Columbia, a territory or possession of the United States, or a political subdivision of the State, territory, or possession.
- aircraft manufacturer
- "aircraft manufacturer" means any company or other business entity, the majority ownership and control of which is by United States citizens, that manufactures aircraft or aircraft engines.