22 U.S.C. § 9304

Current through P.L. 118-106 (published on www.congress.gov on 10/04/2024)

Section 9304 - Comprehensive Global Food Security Strategy

(a) Strategy

The President shall coordinate the development and implementation of a United States whole-of-government strategy to accomplish the policy objectives set forth in section 9302(a) of this title, which shall-

(1) set specific and measurable goals, benchmarks, timetables, performance metrics, and monitoring and evaluation plans that reflect international best practices relating to transparency, accountability, food and nutrition security, and agriculture-led economic growth, consistent with the policy objectives described in section 9302(a) of this title;

(2) establish clear and transparent selection criteria for target countries, communities, regions, and intended beneficiaries of assistance;

(3) describe the methodology and criteria for the selection of target countries;

(4) support and be aligned with partner country-led agriculture, nutrition, regulatory, food security, and water resources management policy and investment plans and governance systems developed with input from key stakeholders, as appropriate;

(5) support the locally-led and inclusive development of agriculture and food systems, including by enhancing the extent to which small-scale food producers, especially women, have access to and control over the inputs, skills, resource management capacity, networking, bargaining power, financing, market linkages, technology, and information needed to sustainably increase productivity and incomes, reduce poverty and malnutrition, and promote long-term economic prosperity;

(6) support improvement of the nutritional status of women, adolescent girls, and children, particularly during the critical first 1,000-day window until a child reaches 2 years of age and with a focus on reducing child stunting and preventing incidence of wasting, through nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive programs, including related water, sanitation, and hygiene programs;

(7) facilitate communication and collaboration, as appropriate, among local stakeholders in support of a multi-sectoral approach to food and nutrition security, to include analysis of the multiple underlying causes of malnutrition, including poor water resource management and lack of access to safe drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene;

(8) support long-term impact by building the capacity of local organizations and institutions, including agricultural research capacity, in target countries and communities;

(9) coordinate with and complement relevant strategies to ensure that chronically vulnerable populations are better able to adapt, build safety nets, secure livelihoods, access markets, and access opportunities for longer-term economic growth;

(10) develop community and producer resilience and adaptation strategies to disasters, emergencies, and other shocks and stresses to food and nutrition security, including conflicts, droughts, flooding, pests, and diseases, that adversely impact agricultural yield and livelihoods;

(11) harness science, technology, and innovation, including the research and extension activities supported by the private sector, relevant Federal departments and agencies, Feed the Future Innovation Labs or any successor entities, and international and local researchers and innovators, recognizing that significant investments in research and technological advances will be necessary to reduce global poverty, hunger, and malnutrition;

(12) use evidenced-based best practices, including scientific and forecasting data, and improved planning and coordination by, with, and among key partners and relevant Federal departments and agencies to identify, analyze, measure, and mitigate risks, and strengthen resilience capacities;

(13) ensure scientific and forecasting data is accessible and usable by affected communities and facilitate communication and collaboration among local stakeholders in support of adaptation planning and implementation, including scenario planning and preparedness using seasonal forecasting and scientific and local knowledge;

(14) integrate agricultural development activities among food insecure populations living in proximity to designated national parks or wildlife areas into wildlife conservation efforts, as necessary and appropriate;

(15) leverage resources and expertise through partnerships with the private sector, farm organizations, cooperatives, civil society, nongovernmental organizations, including faith-based organizations, and agricultural research and academic institutions;

(16) strengthen and expand collaboration and coordination, as appropriate, between United States universities, including public, private, and land-grant universities, with higher education institutions in target countries to increase their effectiveness and relevance to promote agricultural development and innovation through the creation of human capital, innovation, and cutting edge science in the agricultural sector;

(17) seek to ensure that target countries and communities respect and promote land tenure rights of local communities, particularly those of women and small-scale producers;

(18) include criteria and methodologies for graduating target countries and communities from assistance provided to implement the Global Food Security Strategy as such countries and communities meet the progress benchmarks identified pursuant to section 9307(a)(4) of this title;

(19) improve the efficiency and resilience of agricultural production, including management of crops, rangelands, pastures, livestock, fisheries, and aquacultures;

(20) ensure investments in food and nutrition security consider and integrate best practices in the management and governance of natural resources and conservation, especially among food insecure populations living in or near biodiverse ecosystems;

(21) be periodically updated in a manner that reflects learning and best practices; and

(22) demonstrably support the United States national security and economic interest in the countries where assistance is being provided.

(b) Coordination

The President shall coordinate, through a whole-of-government approach, the efforts of relevant Federal departments and agencies in the implementation of the Global Food Security Strategy by-

(1) establishing monitoring and evaluation systems, coherence, and coordination across relevant Federal departments and agencies;

(2) establishing linkages with other initiatives and strategies of relevant Federal departments and agencies; and

(3) establishing platforms for regular consultation and collaboration with key stakeholders and the appropriate congressional committees.

(c) Strategy submission

(1) In general

Not later than October 1, 2016, the President, in consultation with the head of each relevant Federal department and agency, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees the Global Food Security Strategy required under this section, including a detailed description of how the United States intends to advance the objectives set forth in section 9302(a) of this title and the agency-specific plans described in paragraph (2).

(2) Agency-specific plans

The Global Food Security Strategy shall include specific implementation plans from each relevant Federal department and agency that describes-

(A) the anticipated contributions of the department or agency, including technical, financial, and in-kind contributions, to implement the Global Food Security Strategy; and

(B) the efforts of the department or agency to ensure that the activities and programs carried out pursuant to the strategy are designed to achieve maximum impact and long-term sustainability.

(d) Periodic updates

Not less frequently than quinquennially through fiscal year 2030, the President, in consultation with the head of each relevant Federal department and agency, shall submit to the appropriate congressional committees updates to the Global Food Security Strategy required under subsection (a) and the agency-specific plans described in subsection (c)(2).

22 U.S.C. § 9304

Pub. L. 114-195, §5, July 20, 2016, 130 Stat. 678; Pub. L. 117-263, div. E, title LV, §5588(d), (e), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 3377, 3378.

EDITORIAL NOTES

AMENDMENTS2022-Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(1), substituted "partner country-led agriculture, nutrition, regulatory, food security, and water resources management policy and investment plans and governance systems" for "country-owned agriculture, nutrition, and food security policy and investment plans".Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(2), amended par. (5) generally. Prior to amendment, par. (5) read as follows: "support inclusive agricultural value chain development, with small-scale producers, especially women, gaining greater access to the inputs, skills, resource management capacity, networking, bargaining power, financing, and market linkages needed to sustain their long-term economic prosperity;".Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(3), inserted ",adolescent girls," after "women" and "and preventing incidence of wasting" after "reducing child stunting". Subsec. (a)(7). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(4), inserted "poor water resource management and" after "including".Subsec. (a)(8). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(5), substituted "long-term impact" for "the long-term success of programs" and inserted ",including agricultural research capacity," after "institutions". Subsec. (a)(9). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(6), substituted "coordinate with and complement relevant strategies to ensure that chronically vulnerable populations are better able to adapt," for "integrate resilience and nutrition strategies into food security programs, such that chronically vulnerable populations are better able to". Subsec. (a)(10), (11). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(9), added pars. (10) and (11) and struck out former pars. (10) and (11) which read as follows:"(10) develop community and producer resilience to natural disasters, emergencies, and natural occurrences that adversely impact agricultural yield; "(11) harness science, technology, and innovation, including the research and extension activities supported by relevant Federal Departments and agencies and Feed the Future Innovation Labs, or any successor entities;".Subsec. (a)(12), (13). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(9), added pars. (12) and (13). Former pars. (12) and (13) redesignated (14) and (15), respectively.Subsec. (a)(14). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(8), redesignated par. (12) as (14). Former par. (14) redesignated (16).Subsec. (a)(15). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(8), (10), redesignated par. (13) as (15) and inserted "nongovernmental organizations, including" after "civil society,". Former par. (15) redesignated (17).Subsec. (a)(16). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(8), (11), redesignated par. (14) as (16) and inserted "and coordination, as appropriate," after "collaboration". Former par. (16) redesignated (18). Subsec. (a)(17). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(8), redesignated par. (15) as (17). Former par. (17) redesignated (22).Subsec. (a)(18). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(8), (12), redesignated par. (16) as (18) and substituted "section 9307(a)(4) of this title;" for "section 9307(b)(4) of this title; and". Subsec. (a)(19) to (21). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(13), added pars. (19) to (21).Subsec. (a)(22). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(d)(7), redesignated par. (17) as (22). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 117-263, §5588(e), added subsec. (d).

EXECUTIVE DOCUMENTS

DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY PURSUANT TO SECTIONS 5, 6(A) AND 6(C), AND 8(A) OF THE GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY ACT OF 2016 Memorandum of President of the United States, Sept. 30, 2016, 81 F.R. 76483, provided:Memorandum for the Secretary of State [and] the Administrator of the United States Agency for International DevelopmentBy the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, I hereby order as follows: I hereby delegate to the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development the functions and authorities vested in the President by sections 5, 6(c), and 8(a) of the Global Food Security Act of 2016 (the "Act").I hereby delegate to the Secretary of State and the Administrator of the United States Agency for International Development the functions and authorities vested in the President by section 6(a) of the Act.These functions shall be exercised consistent with the Secretary of State's responsibility for the continuous supervision and general direction of assistance programs under section 2382 of title 22, United States Code, and lead role in coordinating U.S. assistance under section 6593 of title 22, United States Code.Any reference in this memorandum to the Act shall be deemed to be a reference to any future act that is the same or substantially the same as such provisions.The Secretary of State is authorized and directed to publish this memorandum in the Federal Register.Barack Obama.

Feed the Future Innovation Labs: The term "Feed the Future Innovation Labs" means research partnerships led by United States universities that advance solutions to reduce global hunger, poverty, and malnutrition, including in response to shocks and stresses to food and nutrition security.
Global Food Security Strategy: The term "Global Food Security Strategy" means the strategy developed and implemented pursuant to section 9304(a) of this title.
appropriate congressional committees: The term "appropriate congressional committees" means-(A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate;(B) the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry of the Senate;(C) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;(D) the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives;(E) the Committee on Agriculture of the House of Representatives; and(F) the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives.
food and nutrition security: The term "food and nutrition security" means access to, and availability, utilization, and stability of, sufficient food to meet caloric and nutritional needs for an active and healthy life.
key stakeholders: The term "key stakeholders" means actors engaged in efforts to advance global food security programs and objectives, including-(A) relevant Federal departments and agencies;(B) national and local governments in target countries;(C) other bilateral donors;(D) international and regional organizations;(E) international, regional, and local financial institutions;(F) international, regional, and local private voluntary, nongovernmental, faith-based, and civil society organizations;(G) the private sector, including agribusinesses and relevant commodities groups;(H) local agricultural producers, including farmer and fisher organizations, cooperatives, small-scale producers, youth, and women; and(I) agricultural research and academic institutions, including land-grant universities and extension services.
malnutrition: The term "malnutrition" means poor nutritional status caused by nutritional deficiency or excess.
relevant Federal departments and agencies: The term "relevant Federal departments and agencies" means the United States Agency for International Development, the Department of Agriculture, the Department of Commerce, the Department of State, the Department of the Treasury, the Millennium Challenge Corporation, the United States International Development Finance Corporation, the Peace Corps, the Office of the United States Trade Representative, the United States African Development Foundation, the Inter-American Foundation, the United States Geological Survey, and any other department or agency specified by the President for purposes of this section.
resilience: The term "resilience" means the ability of people, households, communities, countries, and agriculture and food systems to mitigate, adapt to, and recover from shocks and stresses to food security, including global food catastrophes, in a manner that reduces chronic vulnerability and facilitates inclusive growth.
stunting: The term "stunting" refers to a condition that-(A) is measured by a height-to-age ratio that is more than 2 standard deviations below the median for the population;(B) manifests in children who are younger than 2 years of age;(C) is a process that can continue in children after they reach 2 years of age, resulting in an individual being "stunted";(D) is a marker of an environment deficient in the various needs that allow for a child's healthy growth, including nutrition; and(E) is associated with long-term poor health, delayed motor development, impaired cognitive function, and decreased immunity.
wasting: The term "wasting" means-(A) a life-threatening condition attributable to poor nutrient intake or disease that is characterized by a rapid deterioration in nutritional status over a short period of time; and(B) in the case of children, is characterized by low weight for height and weakened immunity, increasing their risk of death due to greater frequency and severity of common infection, particularly when severe.