20 U.S.C. § 6364

Current through P.L. 118-107 (published on www.congress.gov on 11/21/2024)

Section 6364 - Innovative assessment and accountability demonstration authority

(a) Innovative assessment system defined

The term "innovative assessment system" means a system of assessments that may include-

(1) competency-based assessments, instructionally embedded assessments, interim assessments, cumulative year-end assessments, or performance-based assessments that combine into an annual summative determination for a student, which may be administered through computer adaptive assessments; and

(2) assessments that validate when students are ready to demonstrate mastery or proficiency and allow for differentiated student support based on individual learning needs.

(b) Demonstration authority

(1) In general

The Secretary may provide a State educational agency, or a consortium of State educational agencies, in accordance with paragraph (3), with the authority to establish an innovative assessment system (referred to in this section as "demonstration authority").

(2) Demonstration period

In accordance with the requirements described in subsection (e), each State educational agency, or consortium of State educational agencies, that submits an application under this section shall propose in its application the period of time over which the State educational agency or consortium desires to exercise the demonstration authority, except that such period shall not exceed 5 years.

(3) Initial demonstration authority and expansion

During the first 3 years that the Secretary provides State educational agencies and consortia with demonstration authority (referred to in this section as the "initial demonstration period") the Secretary shall provide such demonstration authority to-

(A) a total number of not more than 7 participating State educational agencies, including those participating in consortia, that have applications approved under subsection (e); and

(B) consortia that include not more than 4 State educational agencies.

(c) Progress report

(1) In general

Not later than 180 days after the end of the initial demonstration period, and prior to providing additional State educational agencies with demonstration authority, the Director of the Institute of Education Sciences, in consultation with the Secretary, shall publish a report detailing the initial progress of innovative assessment systems carried out through demonstration authority under this section.

(2) Criteria

The progress report under paragraph (1) shall be based on the annual information submitted by participating States described in subsection (e)(2)(B)(ix) and examine the extent to which-

(A) with respect to each innovative assessment system-

(i) the State educational agency has solicited feedback from teachers, principals, other school leaders, and parents about their satisfaction with the innovative assessment system;

(ii) teachers, principals, and other school leaders have demonstrated a commitment and capacity to implement or continue to implement the innovative assessment system; and

(iii) substantial evidence exists demonstrating that the innovative assessment system has been developed in accordance with the requirements of subsection (e); and

(B) each State with demonstration authority has demonstrated that-

(i) the same innovative assessment system was used to measure the achievement of all students that participated in the innovative assessment system; and

(ii) of the total number of all students, and the total number of each of the subgroups of students defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title, eligible to participate in the innovative assessment system in a given year, the State assessed in that year an equal or greater percentage of such eligible students, as measured under section 6311(c)(4)(E) of this title, as were assessed in the State in such year using the assessment system under section 6311(b)(2) of this title.

(3) Use of report

Upon completion of the progress report, the Secretary shall provide a response to the findings of the progress report, including a description of how the findings of the report will be used-

(A) to support State educational agencies with demonstration authority through technical assistance; and

(B) to inform the peer-review process described in subsection (f) for advising the Secretary on the awarding of the demonstration authority to the additional State educational agencies described in subsection (d).

(4) Publicly available

The Secretary shall make the progress report under this subsection and the response described in paragraph (3) publicly available on the website of the Department.

(5) Prohibition

The Secretary shall not require States that have demonstration authority to submit any information for the purposes of the progress report that is in addition to the information the State is already required to provide under subsection (e)(2)(B)(x).

(d) Expansion of the demonstration authority

Upon completion and publication of the report described in subsection (c), the Secretary may grant demonstration authority to additional State educational agencies or consortia that submit an application under subsection (e). Such State educational agencies or consortia of State educational agencies shall be subject to all of the same terms, conditions, and requirements of this section.

(e) Application

(1) In general

A State educational agency, or consortium of State educational agencies, that desires to participate in the program of demonstration authority under this section shall submit an application to the Secretary at such time and in such manner as the Secretary may reasonably require.

(2) Contents

Such application shall include a description of the innovative assessment system, the experience the applicant has in implementing any components of the innovative assessment system, and the timeline over which the State or consortium proposes to exercise the demonstration authority. In addition, the application shall include each of the following:

(A) A demonstration that the innovative assessment system will-

(i) meet all the requirements of section 6311(b)(2)(B) of this title, except the requirements of clauses (i) and (v) of such section;

(ii) be aligned to the challenging State academic standards and address the depth and breadth of such standards;

(iii) express student results or student competencies in terms consistent with the State's aligned academic achievement standards under section 6311(b)(1) of this title;

(iv) generate results that are valid and reliable, and comparable, for all students and for each subgroup of students described in section 6311(b)(2)(B)(xi) of this title, as compared to the results for such students on the State assessments under section 6311(b)(2) of this title;

(v) be developed in collaboration with-

(I) stakeholders representing the interests of children with disabilities, English learners, and other vulnerable children;

(II) teachers, principals, and other school leaders;

(III) local educational agencies;

(IV) parents; and

(V) civil rights organizations in the State;

(vi) be accessible to all students, such as by incorporating the principles of universal design for learning;

(vii) provide teachers, principals, other school leaders, students, and parents with timely data, disaggregated by each subgroup of students described in section 6311(b)(2)(B)(xi) of this title, to inform and improve instructional practice and student supports;

(viii) identify which students are not making progress toward the challenging State academic standards so that teachers can provide instructional support and targeted interventions to all students;

(ix) annually measure the progress of not less than the same percentage of all students and students in each of the subgroups of students, as defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title, who are enrolled in schools that are participating in the innovative assessment system and are required to take such assessments, as measured under section 6311(c)(4)(E) of this title, as were assessed by schools administering the assessment under section 6311(b)(2) of this title;

(x) generate an annual, summative achievement determination, based on the aligned State academic achievement standards under section 6311(b)(1) of this title and based on annual data, for each individual student; and

(xi) allow the State educational agency to validly and reliably aggregate data from the innovative assessment system for purposes of-

(I) accountability, consistent with the requirements of section 6311(c) of this title; and

(II) reporting, consistent with the requirements of section 6311(h) of this title.

(B) A description of how the State educational agency will-

(i) continue use of the statewide academic assessments required under section 6311(b)(2) of this title if such assessments will be used for accountability purposes for the duration of the demonstration authority period;

(ii) identify the distinct purposes for each assessment that is part of the innovative assessment system;

(iii) provide support and training to local educational agency and school staff to implement the innovative assessment system described in this subsection;

(iv) inform parents of students in participating local educational agencies about the innovative assessment system at the beginning of each school year during which the innovative assessment system will be implemented;

(v) engage and support teachers in developing and scoring assessments that are part of the innovative assessment system, including through the use of high-quality professional development, standardized and calibrated scoring rubrics, and other strategies, consistent with relevant nationally recognized professional and technical standards, to ensure inter-rater reliability and comparability;

(vi) acclimate students to the innovative assessment system;

(vii) ensure that students with the most significant cognitive disabilities may be assessed with alternate assessments consistent with section 6311(b)(2)(D) of this title;

(viii) if the State is proposing to administer the innovative assessment system initially in a subset of local educational agencies, scale up the innovative assessment system to administer such system statewide, or with additional local educational agencies, in the State's proposed demonstration authority period;

(ix) gather data, solicit regular feedback from teachers, principals, other school leaders, and parents, and assess the results of each year of the program of demonstration authority under this section, and respond by making needed changes to the innovative assessment system; and

(x) report data from the innovative assessment system annually to the Secretary, including-

(I) demographics of participating local educational agencies, if such system is not statewide, and additional local educational agencies if added to the system during the course of the State's demonstration authority period or 2-year extension, except that such data shall not reveal any personally identifiable information, including a description of how the inclusion of additional local educational agencies contributes to progress toward achieving high-quality and consistent implementation across demographically diverse local educational agencies throughout the demonstration authority period;

(II) the performance of all participating students, and for each subgroup of students defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title, on the innovative assessment, consistent with the requirements in section 6311(h) of this title, except that such data shall not reveal any personally identifiable information;

(III) feedback from teachers, principals, other school leaders, and parents about their satisfaction with the innovative assessment system; and

(IV) if such system is not statewide, a description of the State's progress in scaling up the innovative assessment system to additional local educational agencies during the State's demonstration authority period, as described in clause (viii).

(C) A description of the State educational agency's plan to-

(i) ensure that all students and each of the subgroups of students defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title participating in the innovative assessment system receive the instructional support needed to meet State aligned academic achievement standards;

(ii) ensure that each local educational agency has the technological infrastructure to implement the innovative assessment system; and

(iii) hold all schools in the local educational agencies participating in the program of demonstration authority accountable for meeting the State's expectations for student achievement.

(D) If the innovative assessment system will initially be administered in a subset of local educational agencies-

(i) a description of the local educational agencies within the State educational agency that will participate, including what criteria the State has for approving any additional local educational agencies to participate during the demonstration authority period;

(ii) assurances from such local educational agencies that such agencies will comply with the requirements of this subsection;

(iii) a description of how the State will-

(I) ensure that the inclusion of additional local educational agencies contributes to progress toward achieving high-quality and consistent implementation across demographically diverse local educational agencies during the demonstration authority period; and

(II) ensure that the participating local educational agencies, as a group, will be demographically similar to the State as a whole by the end of the State's demonstration authority period; and

(iv) a description of the State educational agency's plan to hold all students and each of the subgroups of students, as defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title, to the same high standard as other students in the State.

(f) Peer review

The Secretary shall-

(1) implement a peer-review process to inform-

(A) the awarding of demonstration authority under this section and the approval to operate an innovative assessment system for the purposes of subsections (b)(2) and (c) of section 6311 of this title, as described in subsection (h); and

(B) determinations about whether an innovative assessment system-

(i) is comparable to the State assessments under section 6311(b)(2)(B)(v) of this title, valid, reliable, of high technical quality, and consistent with relevant, nationally recognized professional and technical standards; and

(ii) provides an unbiased, rational, and consistent determination of progress toward the goals described under section 6311(c)(4)(A)(i) of this title for all students;

(2) ensure that the peer-review team consists of practitioners and experts who are knowledgeable about the innovative assessment system being proposed for all participating students, including-

(A) individuals with past experience developing systems of assessment innovation that support all students, including English learners, children with disabilities, and disadvantaged students; and

(B) individuals with experience implementing innovative assessment and accountability systems;

(3) make publicly available the applications submitted under subsection (c) ¹ and the peer-review comments and recommendations regarding such applications;

(4) make a determination and inform the State regarding approval or disapproval of the application under subsection (c) ¹ not later than 90 days after receipt of the complete application;

(5) if the Secretary disapproves an application under paragraph (4), offer the State an opportunity to-

(A) revise and resubmit such application within 60 days of the disapproval determination; and

(B) submit additional evidence that the State's application meets the requirements of subsection (c); ¹ and

(6) make a determination regarding application approval or disapproval of a resubmitted application under paragraph (5) not later than 45 days after receipt of the resubmitted application.

(g) Extension

The Secretary may extend an authorization of demonstration authority under this section for an additional 2 years if the State educational agency demonstrates with evidence that the State educational agency's innovative assessment system is continuing to meet the requirements of subsection (c), including by demonstrating a plan for, and the capacity to, transition to statewide use of the innovative assessment system by the end of the 2-year extension period.

(h) Use of innovative assessment system

A State may, during the State's approved demonstration authority period or 2-year extension, include results from the innovative assessment systems developed under this section in accountability determinations for each student in the participating local educational agencies instead of, or in addition to, results from the assessment system under section 6311(b)(2) of this title if the State demonstrates that the State has met the requirements under subsection (c). The State shall continue to meet all other requirements of section 6311(c) of this title.

(i) Withdrawal of authority

The Secretary shall withdraw the authorization for demonstration authority provided to a State educational agency under this section and such State shall return to use of the statewide assessment system under section 6311(b)(2) of this title for all local educational agencies in the State if, at any time during a State's approved demonstration authority period or 2-year extension, the State educational agency cannot present to the Secretary evidence that the innovative assessment system developed under this section-

(1) meets the requirements under subsection (c);

(2) includes all students attending schools participating in the innovative assessment system in a State that has demonstration authority, including each of the subgroups of students, as defined under section 6311(c)(2) of this title;

(3) provides an unbiased, rational, and consistent determination of progress toward the goals described under section 6311(c)(4)(A)(i) of this title for all students, which are comparable to measures of academic achievement under section 6311(c)(4)(B)(i) of this title across the State in which the local educational agencies are located;

(4) presents a high-quality plan to transition to full statewide use of the innovative assessment system by the end of the State's approved demonstration authority period or 2-year extension, if the innovative assessment system will initially be administered in a subset of local educational agencies; and

(5) demonstrates comparability to the statewide assessments under section 6311(b)(2) of this title in content coverage, difficulty, and quality.

(j) Transition

(1) In general

(A) Operation of innovative assessment system

If, after a State's approved demonstration authority period or 2-year extension, the State educational agency has met all the requirements of this section, including having scaled the innovative assessment system up to statewide use, and demonstrated that such system is of high quality, as described in subparagraph (B), the State shall be permitted to operate the innovative assessment system approved under the program of demonstration authority under this section for the purposes of subsections (b)(2) and (c) of section 6311 of this title.

(B) High quality

Such system shall be considered of high quality if the Secretary, through the peer-review process described in section 6311(a)(4) of this title, determines that-

(i) the innovative assessment system meets all of the requirements of this section;

(ii) the State has examined the effects of the system on other measures of student success, including indicators in the accountability system under section 6311(c)(4)(B) of this title;

(iii) the innovative assessment system provides coherent and timely information about student achievement based on the challenging State academic standards, including objective measurement of academic achievement, knowledge, and skills that are valid, reliable, and consistent with relevant, nationally-recognized professional and technical standards;

(iv) the State has solicited feedback from teachers, principals, other school leaders, and parents about their satisfaction with the innovative assessment system; and

(v) the State has demonstrated that the same innovative assessment system was used to measure-

(I) the achievement of all students that participated in such innovative assessment system; and

(II) not less than the percentage of such students overall and in each of the subgroups of students, as defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title, as measured under section 6311(c)(4)(E) of this title, as were assessed under the assessment required by section 6311(b)(2) of this title.

(2) Baseline

For the purposes of the evaluation described in paragraph (1), the baseline year shall be considered the first year that each local educational agency in the State used the innovative assessment system.

(3) Waiver authority

A State may request, and the Secretary shall review such request and may grant, a delay of the withdrawal of authority under subsection (i) for the purpose of providing the State with the time necessary to implement the innovative assessment system statewide, if, at the conclusion of the State's approved demonstration authority period and 2-year extension-

(A) the State has met all of the requirements of this section, except transition to full statewide use of the innovative assessment system; and

(B) the State continues to comply with the other requirements of this section, and demonstrates a high-quality plan for transition to statewide use of the innovative assessment system in a reasonable period of time.

(k) Available funds

A State may use funds available under section 6361 of this title to carry out this section.

(l) Consortium

A consortium of States may apply to participate in the program of demonstration authority under this section, and the Secretary may provide each State member of such consortium with such authority if each such State member meets all of the requirements of this section. Such consortium shall be subject to the limitation described in subsection (b)(3)(B) during the initial 3 years of the demonstration authority.

(m) Dissemination of best practices

(1) In general

Following the publication of the progress report described in subsection (c), the Director of the Institute of Education Sciences, in consultation with the Secretary, shall collect and disseminate the best practices on the development and implementation of innovative assessment systems that meet the requirements of this section, including best practices regarding the development of-

(A) summative assessments that-

(i) meet the requirements of section 6311(b)(2)(B) of this title;

(ii) are comparable with statewide assessments under section 6311(b)(2) of this title; and

(iii) include assessment tasks that determine proficiency or mastery of State-approved competencies aligned to challenging State academic standards;

(B) effective supports for local educational agencies and school staff to implement innovative assessment systems;

(C) effective engagement and support of teachers in developing and scoring assessments and the use of high-quality professional development;

(D) effective supports for all students, particularly each of the subgroups of students, as defined in section 6311(c)(2) of this title, participating in the innovative assessment system; and

(E) standardized and calibrated scoring rubrics, and other strategies, to ensure inter-rater reliability and comparability of determinations of mastery or proficiency across local educational agencies and the State.

(2) Publication

The Secretary shall make the information described in paragraph (1) available on the website of the Department and shall publish an update to the information not less often than once every 3 years.

¹ So in original. Probably should refer to subsection (e).

20 U.S.C. § 6364

Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1204, as added Pub. L. 114-95, §1201, 129 Stat. 1885.

EDITORIAL NOTES

PRIOR PROVISIONSA prior section 6364, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1204, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1546, related to award of targeted assistance grants, prior to the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 114-95. Another prior section 6364, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1204, as added Pub. L. 103-382, §101, 108 Stat. 3580; amended Pub. L. 104-134, title I, §101(b) [title II, §2755(a)], Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321-77, 1321-151; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 104-140, §1, 110 Stat. 1327; Pub. L. 106-113, div. B, §1000(a)(4) [title III, §306(a)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A-260; Pub. L. 106-554, §1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, §1604(h)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A-330, related to uses of funds in carrying out an Even Start program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107-110.Prior sections 6365 to 6368 were omitted in the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 114-95. Section 6365, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1205, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1548, related to external evaluation of former subpart 1 of this part.Another prior section 6365, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1205, as added Pub. L. 103-382, §101, 108 Stat. 3580; amended Pub. L. 104-134, title I, §101(b) [title II, §2755(b)], Apr. 26, 1996, 110 Stat. 1321-77, 1321-151; renumbered title I, Pub. L. 104-140, §1, 110 Stat. 1327; Pub. L. 105-220, §251, 112 Stat. 1079; Pub. L. 105-277, div. A, §101(f) [title VIII, §405(d)(18)(A), (f)(13)(A)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-337, 2681-422, 2681-431; Pub. L. 106-554, §1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, §1604(i)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A-331, related to Even Start program elements, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107-110.Section 6366, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1206, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1548, related to activities of Secretary of Education.Another prior section 6366, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1206, as added Pub. L. 103-382, §101, 108 Stat. 3581; amended Pub. L. 105-220, §251, 112 Stat. 1079; Pub. L. 106-554, §1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, §1604(j)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A-332, related to eligible participants in an Even Start program, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107-110.Section 6367, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1207, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1549; amended Pub. L. 110-154, §1(c)(3), Dec. 21, 2007, 121 Stat. 1828, related to dissemination of information.Another prior section 6367, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1207, as added Pub. L. 103-382, §101, 108 Stat. 3582; amended Pub. L. 106-554, §1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, §1604(k)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A-332, related to applications for Even Start subgrants, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107-110. Section 6368, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1208, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1549, defined terms in former subpart 1 of this part. Another prior section 6368, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1208, as added Pub. L. 103-382, §101, 108 Stat. 3583; amended Pub. L. 105-277, div. A, §101(f) [title VIII, §204(c)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-337, 2681-409; Pub. L. 106-113, div. B, §1000(a)(4) [title III, §306(b)], Nov. 29, 1999, 113 Stat. 1535, 1501A-260; Pub. L. 106-554, §1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, §1604(l)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A-332, related to award of Even Start subgrants, prior to the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107-110.Prior sections 6369, 6369a, 6369b, and 6370 were omitted in the general amendment of this subchapter by Pub. L. 107-110.Section 6369, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1209, as added Pub. L. 103-382, §101, 108 Stat. 3584; amended Pub. L. 105-277, div. A, §101(f) [title VIII, §203], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-337, 2681-408, related to evaluation of Even Start programs. Section 6369a, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1210, as added Pub. L. 105-277, div. A, §101(f) [title VIII, §204(a)(2)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-337, 2681-409, related to indicators of Even Start program quality.Section 6369b, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1211, as added Pub. L. 105-277, div. A, §101(f) [title VIII, §205], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-337, 2681-410; amended Pub. L. 106-554, §1(a)(4) [div. B, title XVI, §1604(m)], Dec. 21, 2000, 114 Stat. 2763, 2763A-333, authorized research.Section 6370, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1212, formerly §1210, as added Pub. L. 103-382, §101, 108 Stat. 3584; renumbered §1212, Pub. L. 105-277, div. A, §101(f) [title VIII, §204(a)(1)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681-337, 2681-409, related to construction of provisions.Prior sections 6371 to 6376, 6381 to 6381k, and 6383 were omitted in the general amendment of this part by Pub. L. 114-95.Section 6371, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1221, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1552, set forth purposes and definitions for former subpart 2 of this part. Section 6372, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1222, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1553, authorized local Early Reading First grants.Section 6373, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1223, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1554, related to Federal administration of activities.Section 6374, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1224, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1554, related to dissemination of information regarding assisted projects. Section 6375, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1225, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1554, related to annual reporting requirements.Section 6376, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1226, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1555, related to evaluation of effectiveness of former subpart 2 of this part.Section 6381, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1231, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1555, stated purpose of former subpart 3 of this part.Section 6381a, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1232, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1556, authorized reservation of funds for migrant programs, outlying areas, and Indian tribes.Section 6381b, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1233, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1558, related to use of funds for State educational agency level activities and local programs. Section 6381c, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1234, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1559, related to use of funds by recipients of funds.Section 6381d, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1235, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1560; amended Pub. L. 113-128, §512, 128 Stat. 1708, set forth elements of each program assisted. Section 6381e, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1236, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1562, related to eligibility for participation in an Even Start program. Section 6381f, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1237, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1563, related to application for subgrant under former subpart 3 of this part. Section 6381g, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1238, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1564, related to award of subgrants.Section 6381h, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1239, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1566, related to evaluation of programs.Section 6381i, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1240, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1566, related to development of indicators of program quality.Section 6381j, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1241, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1566, related to research into components of successful family literacy services. Section 6381k, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1242, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1567, related to construction of provisions.Section 6383, Pub. L. 89-10, title I, §1251, as added Pub. L. 107-110, §101, Jan. 8, 2002, 115 Stat. 1567, related to improvement of literacy through school libraries.

STATUTORY NOTES AND RELATED SUBSIDIARIES

EFFECTIVE DATESection effective Dec. 10, 2015, except with respect to certain noncompetitive programs and competitive programs, see section 5 of Pub. L. 114-95, set out as an Effective Date of 2015 Amendment note under section 6301 of this title.

Department

The term "Department" means the Department of Education.

Secretary

The term "Secretary" means the Secretary of Education.

State educational agency

The term "State educational agency" means the agency primarily responsible for the State supervision of public elementary schools and secondary schools.

State

The term "State" means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and each of the outlying areas.

family literacy services

The term "family literacy services" means services provided to participants on a voluntary basis that are of sufficient intensity in terms of hours, and of sufficient duration, to make sustainable changes in a family, and that integrate all of the following activities:(A) Interactive literacy activities between parents and their children.(B) Training for parents regarding how to be the primary teacher for their children and full partners in the education of their children.(C) Parent literacy training that leads to economic self-sufficiency.(D) An age-appropriate education to prepare children for success in school and life experiences.

professional development

The term "professional development" means activities that-(A) are an integral part of school and local educational agency strategies for providing educators (including teachers, principals, other school leaders, specialized instructional support personnel, paraprofessionals, and, as applicable, early childhood educators) with the knowledge and skills necessary to enable students to succeed in a well-rounded education and to meet the challenging State academic standards; and(B) are sustained (not stand-alone, 1-day, or short term workshops), intensive, collaborative, job-embedded, data-driven, and classroom-focused, and may include activities that-(i) improve and increase teachers'-(I) knowledge of the academic subjects the teachers teach;(II) understanding of how students learn; and(III) ability to analyze student work and achievement from multiple sources, including how to adjust instructional strategies, assessments, and materials based on such analysis;(ii) are an integral part of broad schoolwide and districtwide educational improvement plans;(iii) allow personalized plans for each educator to address the educator's specific needs identified in observation or other feedback;(iv) improve classroom management skills;(v) support the recruitment, hiring, and training of effective teachers, including teachers who became certified through State and local alternative routes to certification;(vi) advance teacher understanding of-(I) effective instructional strategies that are evidence-based; and(II) strategies for improving student academic achievement or substantially increasing the knowledge and teaching skills of teachers;(vii) are aligned with, and directly related to, academic goals of the school or local educational agency;(viii) are developed with extensive participation of teachers, principals, other school leaders, parents, representatives of Indian tribes (as applicable), and administrators of schools to be served under this chapter;(ix) are designed to give teachers of English learners, and other teachers and instructional staff, the knowledge and skills to provide instruction and appropriate language and academic support services to those children, including the appropriate use of curricula and assessments;(x) to the extent appropriate, provide training for teachers, principals, and other school leaders in the use of technology (including education about the harms of copyright piracy), so that technology and technology applications are effectively used in the classroom to improve teaching and learning in the curricula and academic subjects in which the teachers teach;(xi) as a whole, are regularly evaluated for their impact on increased teacher effectiveness and improved student academic achievement, with the findings of the evaluations used to improve the quality of professional development;(xii) are designed to give teachers of children with disabilities or children with developmental delays, and other teachers and instructional staff, the knowledge and skills to provide instruction and academic support services, to those children, including positive behavioral interventions and supports, multi-tier system of supports, and use of accommodations;(xiii) include instruction in the use of data and assessments to inform and instruct classroom practice;(xiv) include instruction in ways that teachers, principals, other school leaders, specialized instructional support personnel, and school administrators may work more effectively with parents and families;(xv) involve the forming of partnerships with institutions of higher education, including, as applicable, Tribal Colleges and Universities as defined in section 316(b) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1059c(b)), to establish school-based teacher, principal, and other school leader training programs that provide prospective teachers, novice teachers, principals, and other school leaders with an opportunity to work under the guidance of experienced teachers, principals, other school leaders, and faculty of such institutions;(xvi) create programs to enable paraprofessionals (assisting teachers employed by a local educational agency receiving assistance under part A of subchapter I) to obtain the education necessary for those paraprofessionals to become certified and licensed teachers;(xvii) provide follow-up training to teachers who have participated in activities described in this paragraph that are designed to ensure that the knowledge and skills learned by the teachers are implemented in the classroom; and(xviii) where practicable, provide jointly for school staff and other early childhood education program providers, to address the transition to elementary school, including issues related to school readiness.