20 U.S.C. § 1431

Current through P.L. 118-106 (published on www.congress.gov on 10/04/2024)

Section 1431 - Findings and policy

(a) Findings

Congress finds that there is an urgent and substantial need-

(1) to enhance the development of infants and toddlers with disabilities, to minimize their potential for developmental delay, and to recognize the significant brain development that occurs during a child's first 3 years of life;

(2) to reduce the educational costs to our society, including our Nation's schools, by minimizing the need for special education and related services after infants and toddlers with disabilities reach school age;

(3) to maximize the potential for individuals with disabilities to live independently in society;

(4) to enhance the capacity of families to meet the special needs of their infants and toddlers with disabilities; and

(5) to enhance the capacity of State and local agencies and service providers to identify, evaluate, and meet the needs of all children, particularly minority, low-income, inner city, and rural children, and infants and toddlers in foster care.

(b) Policy

It is the policy of the United States to provide financial assistance to States-

(1) to develop and implement a statewide, comprehensive, coordinated, multidisciplinary, interagency system that provides early intervention services for infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families;

(2) to facilitate the coordination of payment for early intervention services from Federal, State, local, and private sources (including public and private insurance coverage);

(3) to enhance State capacity to provide quality early intervention services and expand and improve existing early intervention services being provided to infants and toddlers with disabilities and their families; and

(4) to encourage States to expand opportunities for children under 3 years of age who would be at risk of having substantial developmental delay if they did not receive early intervention services.

20 U.S.C. § 1431

Pub. L. 91-230, title VI, §631, as added Pub. L. 108-446, §101, 118 Stat. 2744.

EDITORIAL NOTES

PRIOR PROVISIONSA prior section 1431, Pub. L. 91-230, title VI, §631, as added Pub. L. 105-17, §101, 111 Stat. 106, set out findings and policy, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 108-446. Another prior section 1431, Pub. L. 91-230, title VI, §631, Apr. 13, 1970, 84 Stat. 184; Pub. L. 98-199, §§3(b), 11, Dec. 2, 1983, 97 Stat. 1358, 1369; Pub. L. 99-457, title III, §308, Oct. 8, 1986, 100 Stat. 1165; Pub. L. 100-630, title I, §104(b), Nov. 7, 1988, 102 Stat. 3298; Pub. L. 101-476, §401, title IX, §901(b) (129)-(142), Oct. 30, 1990, 104 Stat. 1129, 1148; Pub. L. 102-119, §§9(a), (b), Oct. 7, 1991, 25, Oct. 7, 1991, 105 Stat. 593, 594, 606, 607; Pub. L. 102-421, §202, 106 Stat. 2165; Pub. L. 102-569, §912, 106 Stat. 4486; Pub. L. 103-73, §302, 107 Stat. 736; Pub. L. 103-218, §401, 108 Stat. 95, related to grants for personnel training, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by Pub. L. 105-17.

STATUTORY NOTES AND RELATED SUBSIDIARIES

EFFECTIVE DATESubchapter effective July 1, 2005, see section 302(a) of Pub. L. 108-446, set out as a note under section 1400 of this title.

State

The term "State" means each of the 50 States, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, and each of the outlying areas.

special education

The term "special education" means specially designed instruction, at no cost to parents, to meet the unique needs of a child with a disability, including-(A) instruction conducted in the classroom, in the home, in hospitals and institutions, and in other settings; and(B) instruction in physical education.