For purposes of this section, the term "substantial product hazard" means-
Every manufacturer of a consumer product, or other product or substance over which the Commission has jurisdiction under any other Act enforced by the Commission (other than motor vehicle equipment as defined in section 30102(a)(7) of title 491), distributed in commerce, and every distributor and retailer of such product, who obtains information which reasonably supports the conclusion that such product-
shall immediately inform the Commission of such failure to comply, of such defect, or of such risk, unless such manufacturer, distributor, or retailer has actual knowledge that the Commission has been adequately informed of such defect, failure to comply, or such risk. A report provided under paragraph (2) may not be used as the basis for criminal prosecution of the reporting person under section 1264 of this title, except for offenses which require a showing of intent to defraud or mislead.
Any such order shall specify the form and content of any notice required to be given under such order.
Nothing in this section shall be construed to require the Commission, in determining that a product distributed in commerce presents a substantial product hazard and that notification or other action under this section should be taken, to prepare a comparison of the costs that would be incurred in providing notification or taking other action under this section with the benefits from such notification or action.
Not later than 180 days after August 14, 2008, the Commission shall, by rule, establish guidelines setting forth a uniform class of information to be included in any notice required under an order under subsection (c) or (d) of this section or under section 2061 of this title. Such guidelines shall include any information that the Commission determines would be helpful to consumers in-
Except to the extent that the Commission determines with respect to a particular product that one or more of the following items is unnecessary or inappropriate under the circumstances, the notice shall include the following:
The Commission may specify, by rule, for any consumer product or class of consumer products, characteristics whose existence or absence shall be deemed a substantial product hazard under subsection (a)(2), if the Commission determines that-
Not later than 60 days after promulgation of a rule under paragraph (1), any person adversely affected by such rule may file a petition for review under the procedures set forth in section 2060 of this title.
1See References in Text note below.
2So in original. Probably should be "paragraph (1)(C)."
3So in original. Probably should be preceded by "section".
4So in original. Probably should be "extend".
15 U.S.C. § 2064
EDITORIAL NOTES
REFERENCES IN TEXTSection 30102(a)(7) of title 49, referred to in subsec. (b), was redesignated section 30102(a)(8) of title 49 by section 24109(b)(2), Dec. 4, 2015 of Pub. L. 114-94, 129 Stat. 1706.The Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States, referred to in subsec. (d)(2), is not set out in the Code. See Publication of Harmonized Tariff Schedule note set out under section 1202 of Title 19, Customs Duties.
AMENDMENTS2008-Subsec. (a)(1). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(1), inserted "under this chapter or a similar rule, regulation, standard, or ban under any other Act enforced by the Commission" after "consumer product safety rule".Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(2)(B)-(D), added par. (2), redesignated former pars. (2) and (3) as (3) and (4), respectively, and inserted "A report provided under paragraph (2) may not be used as the basis for criminal prosecution of the reporting person under section 1264 of this title, except for offenses which require a showing of intent to defraud or mislead." at end of concluding provisions. Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(2)(A), substituted "consumer product, or other product or substance over which the Commission has jurisdiction under any other Act enforced by the Commission (other than motor vehicle equipment as defined in section 30102(a)(7) of title 49), distributed in commerce," for "consumer product distributed in commerce," in introductory provisions. Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(3)(A), (C), (D), designated existing provisions as par. (1), added subpars. (A) to (C), and redesignated former pars. (1) to (3) as subpars. (D) to (F), respectively. Subsec. (c)(1). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(3)(B), inserted "or if the Commission, after notifying the manufacturer, determines a product to be an imminently hazardous consumer product and has filed an action under section 2061 of this title," after "such substantial product hazard," in introductory provisions. Subsec. (c)(1)(D). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(3)(E), substituted "comply, including posting clear and conspicuous notice on its Internet website, providing notice to any third party Internet website on which such manufacturer, retailer, distributor, or licensor has placed the product for sale, and announcements in languages other than English and on radio and television where the Commission determines that a substantial number of consumers to whom the recall is directed may not be reached by other notice." for "comply."Subsec. (c)(2), (3). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(3)(F), added pars. (2) and (3). Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(1), (4), inserted par. (1) designation before "If the Commission" and redesignated former pars. (1) to (3) as subpars. (A) to (C), respectively. Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(2), (3), in introductory provisions inserted "to provide the notice required by subsection (c) and" after "such product" and substituted "any one or more of the following actions it determines to be in the public interest:" for "whichever of the following actions the person to whom the order is directed elects:". Subsec. (d)(1)(A), (B). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(5), substituted "rule, regulation, standard, or ban" for "consumer product safety rule".Subsec. (d)(1)(C). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(6), (7), substituted "more (i)" for "more (A)" and "or (ii)" for "or (B)". Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(13), which directed substitution of "described in paragraph (1)(C)." for "described in paragraph (3).", could not be executed because "paragraph (3)" did not appear subsequent to amendment by Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(11). See below. Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(12), struck out "If an order under this subsection is directed to more than one person, the Commission shall specify which person has the election under this subsection" before ".An order under this subsection may prohibit". Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(11), substituted "if the Commission orders the action described in subparagraph (C)" for "if the person to whom the order is directed elects to take the action described in paragraph (3)". Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(9), (10), substituted "for approval by the Commission," for "satisfactory to the Commission," and "subparagraphs under which such person has been ordered to act" for "paragraphs of this subsection under which such person has elected to act". Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(8), designated concluding provisions of subsec. (d) as par. (2) and substituted "shall also require" for "may also require". Former par. (2) redesignated (1)(B). Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(b)(14), added par. (3). Former par. (3) redesignated (1)(C).Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(a)(4), designated existing provisions as par. (1), substituted "Except as provided in paragraph (2), an order" for "An order", and added par. (2). Subsec. (i). Pub. L. 110-314, §214(c), added subsec. (i).Subsec. (j). Pub. L. 110-314, §223(a), added subsec. (j).1990-Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 101-608, §112(a)(4), (5), in concluding provisions substituted "comply, of such defect, or of such risk" for "comply or of such defect" and "defect, failure to comply, or such risk" for "defect or failure to comply".Subsec. (b)(1). Pub. L. 101-608, §112(a)(1), inserted reference to voluntary consumer product safety standard upon which Commission has relied under section 2058 of this title. Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 101-608, §112(a)(2), (3), added par. (3).Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 101-608, §113, inserted at end "Any settlement offer which is submitted to the presiding officer at a hearing under this subsection shall be transmitted by the officer to the Commission for its consideration unless the settlement offer is clearly frivolous or duplicative of offers previously made."Subsec. (h). Pub. L. 101-608, §111(a)(2), added subsec. (h). 1988-Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 100-418 substituted "general note 2 of the Harmonized Tariff Schedule of the United States" for "general headnote 2 to the Tariff Schedules of the United States" in last sentence. 1983-Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 97-414, §9(m), amended, in part, Pub. L. 97-35, §1211(h)(4). See 1981 Amendment note below. Pub. L. 97-414, §9(j)(3), substituted "2061(d)(1)" for "section 2061(c)(1)". 1981-Subsec. (g)(1). Pub. L. 97-35, §1211(h)(4), substituted "section 2061(c)(1)" for "section 2061(e)(1)". Pub. L. 97-35, §1211(h)(4), which directed insertion of ",Science and Transportation" after "on Commerce" and could not be executed because "on Commerce" did not appear in text, was amended by Pub. L. 97-414, §9(m), so as to strike out such directory language. 1976-Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 94-284, §12(a)(1), provided, in provision following par. (3), that an order issued under this subsection may prohibit the person to whom it applies from manufacturing for sale, offering for sale, distributing in commerce, or importing into the customs territory of the United States, the product for which the order was issued. Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 94-284, §12(a)(2), added subsec. (g).
STATUTORY NOTES AND RELATED SUBSIDIARIES
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2008 AMENDMENT Amendment by section 214(a)(2) of Pub. L. 110-314 effective on the date that is 60 days after Aug. 14, 2008, see section 239(a) of Pub. L. 110-314 set out as a note under section 2051 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1988 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 100-418 effective Jan. 1, 1989, and applicable with respect to articles entered on or after such date, see section 1217(b)(1) of Pub. L. 100-418 set out as an Effective Date note under section 3001 of Title 19, Customs Duties.
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1981 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 97-35 effective Aug. 13, 1981, see section 1215 of Pub. L. 97-35 set out as a note under section 2052 of this title.
EFFECTIVE DATESection effective on the sixtieth day following Oct. 27, 1972, see section 34 of Pub. L. 92-573 set out as a note under section 2051 of this title.
REPORTING REQUIREMENTS Pub. L. 103-267, title I, §102, June 16, 1994, 108 Stat. 726, provided that: "(a) REPORTS TO CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION.- "(1) REQUIREMENT TO REPORT.-Each manufacturer, distributor, retailer, and importer of a marble, small ball, or latex balloon, or a toy or game that contains a marble, small ball, latex balloon, or other small part, shall report to the Commission any information obtained by such manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or importer which reasonably supports the conclusion that- "(A) an incident occurred in which a child (regardless of age) choked on such a marble, small ball, or latex balloon or on a marble, small ball, latex balloon, or other small part contained in such toy or game; and "(B) as a result of that incident the child died, suffered serious injury, ceased breathing for any length of time, or was treated by a medical professional."(2) TREATMENT UNDER CPSA.-For purposes of section 19(a)(3) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2068(a)(3)), the requirement to report information under this subsection is deemed to be a requirement under such Act [15 U.S.C. 2051 et seq.]."(3) EFFECT ON LIABILITY.-A report by a manufacturer, distributor, retailer, or importer under paragraph (1) shall not be interpreted, for any purpose, as an admission of liability or of the truth of the information contained in the report."(b) CONFIDENTIALITY PROTECTIONS.-The confidentiality protections of section 6(b) of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2055(b)) apply to any information reported to the Commission under subsection (a) of this section. For purposes of section 6(b)(5) of such Act, information so reported shall be treated as information submitted pursuant to section 15(b) of such Act [15 U.S.C. 2064(b)] respecting a consumer product."
- Commission
- The term "Commission" means the Consumer Product Safety Commission, established by section 2053 of this title.
- State
- The term "State" means a State, the District of Columbia, the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, Wake Island, Midway Island, Kingman Reef, Johnston Island, the Canal Zone, American Samoa, or the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands.
- commerce
- The term "commerce" means trade, traffic, commerce, or transportation-(A) between a place in a State and any place outside thereof, or(B) which affects trade, traffic, commerce, or transportation described in subparagraph (A).
- consumer product safety rule
- The term "consumer product safety rule" means a consumer products safety standard described in section 2056(a) of this title, or a rule under this chapter declaring a consumer product a banned hazardous product.
- manufactured
- The term "manufactured" means to manufacture, produce, or assemble.
- manufacturer
- The term "manufacturer" means any person who manufactures or imports a consumer product.
- retailer
- The term "retailer" means a person to whom a consumer product is delivered or sold for purposes of sale or distribution by such person to a consumer.
- risk of injury
- The term "risk of injury" means a risk of death, personal injury, or serious or frequent illness.
- distribution in commerce
- The terms "to distribute in commerce" and "distribution in commerce" mean to sell in commerce, to introduce or deliver for introduction into commerce, or to hold for sale or distribution after introduction into commerce.