10 U.S.C. § 12645

Current through P.L. 118-106 (published on www.congress.gov on 10/04/2024)

Section 12645 - Commissioned officers: retention until completion of required service

(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), a reserve commissioned officer who has not completed the period of service required of him by section 651 of this title or any other provision of law may not be discharged or transferred from an active status under chapter 843, 1407, 1409, or 1411 of this title or chapter 21¹ of title 14. Unless, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary concerned, he is promoted to a higher reserve grade, he shall be retained in an active status in his reserve grade for the rest of his period of required service and shall be an additional number to the authorized strength of his grade.

(b) Subsection (a) does not prevent the discharge or transfer from an active status of-

(1) a commissioned warrant officer;

(2) an officer on the active-duty list or a reserve active-status list who is found not qualified for promotion to the grade of first lieutenant, in the case of an officer of the Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps, or lieutenant (junior grade), in the case of an officer of the Navy;

(3) an officer on the active-duty list or reserve active-status list who has failed of selection for promotion for the second time to the grade of captain, in the case of an officer of the Army, Air Force, or Marine Corps, or to the grade of lieutenant, in the case of an officer of the Navy; or

(4) an officer whose discharge or transfer from an active status is required by law.

¹See References in Text note below.

10 U.S.C. § 12645

Added Pub. L. 85-861, §1(22)(B), Sept. 2, 1958, 72 Stat. 1444, §1005; amended Pub. L. 93-586, §2, Jan. 2, 1975, 88 Stat. 1920; Pub. L. 98-525, title V, §528(a), Oct. 19, 1984, 98 Stat. 2525; renumbered §12645 and amended Pub. L. 103-337, div. A, title XVI, §§1627, 1662(h)(2), 1675(d)(2), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2962, 2996, 3018; Pub. L. 104-106, div. A, title XV, §1501(a)(4), Feb. 10, 1996, 110 Stat. 495; Pub. L. 104-201, div. A, title V, §544(b), Sept. 23, 1996, 110 Stat. 2523; Pub. L. 115-232, div. A, title VIII, §809(a), Aug. 13, 2018, 132 Stat. 1840.

HISTORICAL AND REVISION NOTE
Revised section	Source (U.S. Code)	Source (Statutes at Large)
1005	50:1181(1) (as applicable to 50: 1194).50:1194.	Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1257, §§102(1) (as applicable to §204), 204, 68 Stat. 1149, 1151.

The word "subsequently" is omitted as surplusage.

EDITORIAL NOTES

REFERENCES IN TEXTChapter 21 of title 14, referred to in text, was comprised of sections 701 to 713 and 720 to 746, prior to the renumbering of such sections as sections 3701 to 3714 and 3731 to 3757, respectively, of title 14 by Pub. L. 115-282, §118(b), Dec. 4, 2018, 132 Stat. 4233. After renumbering, such sections now comprise chapter 37 (designated as chapter "1" in chapter analysis) of title 14.

AMENDMENTS2018-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 115-232 substituted "under chapter 843," for "under chapter 573,". 1996-Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 104-201 inserted "or a reserve active-status list" after "active-duty list".Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 104-106 made technical correction to directory language of Pub. L. 103-337, §1627 . See 1994 Amendment note below. 1994- Pub. L. 103-337, §1662(h)(2), renumbered section 1005 of this title as this section.Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 103-337, §1675(d)(2), substituted "573, 1407, 1409, or 1411" for "337, 361, 363, 573, 837, 861, or 863".Subsec. (b)(3), (4). Pub. L. 103-337, §1627, as amended by Pub. L. 104-106, added pars. (3) and (4).1984-Pub. L. 98-525 substituted "(a) Except as provided in subsection (b), a reserve commissioned officer" for "A reserve commissioned officer, other than a commissioned warrant officer,", struck out the comma before "may", and added subsec. (b). 1975-Pub. L. 93-586 inserted reference to chapter 21 of title 14.

STATUTORY NOTES AND RELATED SUBSIDIARIES

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2018 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 115-232 effective Feb. 1, 2019, with provision for the coordination of amendments and special rule for certain redesignations, see section 800 of Pub. L. 115-232, set out as a note preceding section 3001 of this title.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1996 AMENDMENT Amendment by Pub. L. 104-106 effective as if included in the Reserve Officer Personnel Management Act, title XVI of Pub. L. 103-337, as enacted on Oct. 5, 1994, see section 1501(f)(3) of Pub. L. 104-106, set out as a note under section 113 of this title.

EFFECTIVE DATE OF 1994 AMENDMENT Amendment by sections 1627 and 1675(d)(2) of Pub. L. 103-337 effective Oct. 1, 1996, see section 1691(b)(1) of Pub. L. 103-337, set out as an Effective Date note under section 10001 of this title.

Secretary concerned: The term "Secretary concerned" means-(A) the Secretary of the Army, with respect to matters concerning the Army;(B) the Secretary of the Navy, with respect to matters concerning the Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Coast Guard when it is operating as a service in the Department of the Navy;(C) the Secretary of the Air Force, with respect to matters concerning the Air Force and the Space Force; and(D) the Secretary of Homeland Security, with respect to matters concerning the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Department of the Navy.
active status: The term "active status" means the status of a member of a reserve component who is not in the inactive Army National Guard or inactive Air National Guard, on an inactive status list, or in the Retired Reserve.
active-duty list: The term "active-duty list" means a single list for the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force (required to be maintained under section 620 of this title) which contains the names of all officers of that armed force, other than officers described in section 641 of this title, who are serving on active duty.
authorized strength: The term "authorized strength" means the largest number of members authorized to be in an armed force, a component, a branch, a grade, or any other category of the armed forces.
commissioned officer: The term "commissioned officer" includes a commissioned warrant officer.
grade: The term "grade" means a step or degree, in a graduated scale of office or military rank, that is established and designated as a grade by law or regulation.
officer: The term "officer" means a commissioned or warrant officer.
warrant officer: The term "warrant officer" means a person who holds a commission or warrant in a warrant officer grade.