10 U.S.C. § 661
10 U.S.C. § 661
EDITORIAL NOTES
AMENDMENTS2023-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 118-31 substituted "and Marine Corps" for "Marine Corps, and Space Force" and inserted ",and officers of the Space Force on the Space Force officer list," after "active-duty list".2021-Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 116-283 substituted "Marine Corps, and Space Force" for "and Marine Corps". 2019-Subsec. (d)(3)(B). Pub. L. 116-92 inserted "or a designee of the Chairman who is an officer of the armed forces in grade O-9 or higher" after "Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff". 2017-Subsec. (c)(1)(B)(i), (3)(A). Pub. L. 115-91 substituted "664(d)" for "664(f)".2008- Pub. L. 110-417 amended section catchline generally, substituting "Management policies for joint qualified officers" for "Management policies for officers who are joint qualified", and in subsec. (a), substituted "as a joint qualified officer or in such other manner as the Secretary of Defense directs" for "in such manner as the Secretary of Defense directs". 2006- Pub. L. 109-364, §516(e)(1), substituted "officers who are joint qualified" for "joint specialty officers" in section catchline.Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 109-364, §516(a), struck out at end "For purposes of this chapter, officers to be managed by such policies, procedures, and practices are referred to as having, or having been nominated for, the 'joint specialty'."Subsecs. (b) to (d). Pub. L. 109-364, §516(b), amended subsecs. (b) to (d) generally. Prior to amendment, subsecs. (b) to (d) related to numbers and selection of officers with the joint specialty, education and experience requirements, and number of joint duty assignments.Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 109-364, §516(c), substituted "officers to achieve joint qualification and for officers who have been designated as joint qualified" for "officers with the joint specialty" in introductory provisions.Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 109-364, §516(d), substituted "619a" for "619(e)(1)". 2002-Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107-314, §1062(a)(3), substituted "December 28, 2001," for "the date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2002".Subsec. (c)(3)(E). Pub. L. 107-314, §502(c), substituted "paragraph" for "subparagraph".2001-Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 107-107, in introductory provisions, substituted "Each officer on the active-duty list on the date of the enactment of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2002 who has not before that date been nominated for the joint specialty by the Secretary of a military department, and each officer who is placed on the active-duty list after such date, who meets the requirements of subsection (c) shall automatically be considered to have been nominated for the joint specialty. From among those officers considered to be nominated for the joint specialty, the Secretary may select for the joint specialty only officers-" for "The Secretaries of the military departments shall nominate officers for selection for the joint specialty. Nominations shall be made from among officers-". 1996-Subsec. (c)(3)(D). Pub. L. 104-106, §501(d)(1), in third sentence, substituted "In the case of officers in grades below brigadier general and rear admiral (lower half), the total number" for "The total number".Subsec. (c)(3)(E). Pub. L. 104-106, §501(d)(2), added subpar. (E).Subsec. (d)(2)(A). Pub. L. 104-106, §501(a), substituted "800" for "1,000". Subsec. (d)(2)(B). Pub. L. 104-106, §1503(a)(6)(A), substituted "Each position designated by the Secretary under subparagraph (A)" for "Until January 1, 1994, at least 80 percent of the positions designated by the Secretary under subparagraph (A) shall be held at all times by officers who have the joint specialty. On and after January 1, 1994, each position so designated".Subsec. (d)(2)(C). Pub. L. 104-106, §1503(a)(6)(B), struck out "the second sentence of" after "the requirement in".Subsec. (d)(2)(D). Pub. L. 104-106, §1503(a)(6)(C), struck out subpar. (D) which read as follows: "During the period beginning on October 1, 1992, and ending on January 1, 1993, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to Congress a report on the operation, to the date of the report, of the first sentence of subparagraph (B) and on the Secretary's projection for the use of the waiver authority provided under subparagraph (C), including the Secretary's estimate of the average annual number of waivers to be provided under subparagraph (C)."1989-Subsec. (c)(1)(B), (3)(A). Pub. L. 101-189, §1113, substituted "(as described in section 664(f) of this title (other than in paragraph (2) thereof))" for "(as described in section 664(f)(1) or (f)(3) of this title)".Subsec. (c)(4). Pub. L. 101-189, §1122, added par. (4). 1988-Subsec. (c)(3)(D). Pub. L. 100-456, §511, inserted "for officers in the same pay grade" after "under this paragraph", substituted "10 percent" for "5 percent", and inserted "in that pay grade" after "numbers of officers".Subsec. (d)(2). Pub. L. 100-456, §512(a), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), struck out sentence at end which directed that each position so designated by the Secretary could be held only by an officer who had the joint specialty, and added subpars. (B) to (D).Subsec. (d)(4). Pub. L. 100-456, §517(a), substituted "25 percent" for "one-third". Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 100-456, §518, added subsec. (f). 1987-Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 100-180, §1301(a)(1), added par. (3).Subsec. (c)(1)(B). Pub. L. 100-180, §1301(b)(1), inserted "(as described in section 664(f)(1) or (f)(3) of this title)" after "joint duty assignment".Subsec. (c)(2)(A). Pub. L. 100-180, §1301(b)(2)(A)-(C), designated existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted "An officer (other than a general or flag officer) who has a military occupational specialty that is" for "An officer who has" and "full tour of duty in a joint duty assignment (as described in section 664(f)(2) of this title)" for "joint duty assignment of not less than two years", and struck out provisions that an officer selected for the joint specialty complete generally applicable requirements for selection under par. (1)(B) as soon as practicable after such officer's selection.Subsec. (c)(2)(B). Pub. L. 100-180, §1301(b)(2)(D), added subpar. (B).Subsec. (c)(3). Pub. L. 100-180, §1301(b)(3), added par. (3).Subsec. (d)(1). Pub. L. 100-180, §1302(a)(1), added subpars. (A) and (B) and substituted "by officers who-" for "by officers who have (or have been nominated for) the joint specialty." in introductory provisions.Subsec. (d)(2) to (4). Pub. L. 100-180, §1302(b), added pars. (2) to (4) and struck out former par. (2) which read as follows: "The Secretary of Defense shall designate not fewer than 1,000 joint duty assignment positions as critical joint duty assignment positions. Each such position shall be held only by an officer with the joint specialty."
STATUTORY NOTES AND RELATED SUBSIDIARIES
EFFECTIVE DATE OF 2006 AMENDMENT Pub. L. 109-364, div. A, title V, §516(f), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2189, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section] shall take effect on October 1, 2007."
DESIGNATION OF AT LEAST ONE GENERAL OFFICER OF THE MARINE CORPS RESERVE AS A JOINT QUALIFIED OFFICERPub. L. 118-31, div. A, title V, §516, Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 249, provided that: "The Secretary of Defense shall ensure that at least one general officer of the Marine Corps Reserve is designated as a joint qualified officer."
TREATMENT OF CURRENT JOINT SPECIALTY OFFICERSPub. L. 109-364, div. A, title V, §516(g), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2189, provided that: "For the purposes of chapter 38 of title 10, United States Code, and sections 154, 164, and 619a of such title, an officer who, as of September 30, 2007, has been selected for or has the joint specialty under section 661 of such title, as in effect on that date, shall be considered after that date to be an officer designated as joint qualified by the Secretary of Defense under section 661(b)(2) of such title, as amended by this section."
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN Pub. L. 109-364, div. A, title V, §516(h), Oct. 17, 2006, 120 Stat. 2189, provided that:"(1) PLAN REQUIRED.-Not later than March 31, 2007, the Secretary of Defense shall submit to the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives a plan for the implementation of the joint officer management system, which will take effect on October 1, 2007, as provided in subsection (f) [set out above], as a result of the amendments made by this section [amending this section] and other provisions of this Act [see Tables for classification] to provisions of chapter 38 of title 10, United States Code."(2) ELEMENTS OF PLAN.-In developing the plan required by this subsection, the Secretary shall pay particular attention to matters related to the transition of officers from the joint specialty system in effect before October 1, 2007, to the joint officer management system in effect after that date. At a minimum, the plan shall include the following: "(A) The policies and criteria to be used for designating officers as joint qualified on the basis of service performed by such officers before that date, had the amendments made by this section and other provisions of this Act to provisions of chapter 38 of title 10, United States Code, taken effect before the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 17, 2006]. "(B) The policies and criteria prescribed by the Secretary of Defense to be used in making determinations under section 661(c)(1)(B)(ii) of such title, as amended by this section."(C) The recommendations of the Secretary for any legislative changes that may be necessary to effectuate the joint officer management system."
EXCLUSION OF CERTAIN OFFICERS FROM LIMITATION ON AUTHORITY TO GRANT A WAIVER OF REQUIRED COMPLETION OR SEQUENCING FOR JOINT PROFESSIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION Pub. L. 107-314, div. A, title V, §502(a), (b), Dec. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 2530, provided for exclusion from the limitation set forth in former subsec. (c)(3)(D) of this section of any officer selected for the joint specialty who, on Dec. 28, 2001, had met the requirements for nomination for the joint specialty, but had not been nominated before that date, and who had been automatically nominated before Dec. 2, 2002, and provided that such exclusion would terminate on Oct. 1, 2006.
INDEPENDENT STUDY OF JOINT OFFICER MANAGEMENT AND JOINT PROFESSIONAL MILITARY EDUCATION REFORMS Pub. L. 107-107, div. A, title V, §526, Dec. 28, 2001, 115 Stat. 1099, directed the Secretary of Defense to provide for an independent study of the joint officer management system and the joint professional military education system and to require the entity conducting the study to submit a report to Congress on the study not later than one year after Dec. 28, 2001.
STUDY OF DISTRIBUTION OF GENERAL AND FLAG OFFICER POSITIONS IN JOINT DUTY ASSIGNMENTS Pub. L. 102-484, div. A, title IV, §404, Oct. 23, 1992, 106 Stat. 2398, directed Secretary of Defense to conduct a study of whether joint organizations of Department of Defense are fully staffed with appropriate number of general and flag officers and, not later than one year after Oct. 23, 1992, submit a report to Congress.
TRANSITION TO JOINT OFFICER PERSONNEL POLICY Pub. L. 99-433, title IV, §406(a)-(c), Oct. 1, 1986, 100 Stat. 1033, as amended by Pub. L. 100-456, div. A, title V, §516, Sept. 29, 1988, 102 Stat. 1971, provided that:"(a) JOINT DUTY ASSIGNMENTS.-(1) Section 661(d) of title 10, United States Code, shall be implemented as rapidly as possible and (except as provided under paragraph (2)) not later than October 1, 1989."(2) The first sentence of section 661(d)(2)(B) of such title shall apply with respect to positions designated under the first sentence of section 661(d)(2)(A) of that title as critical joint duty assignment positions which become vacant after January 1, 1989."(b) JOINT SPECIALTY.-"(1) INITIAL SELECTIONS.-(A) In making the initial selections of officers for the joint specialty under section 661 of title 10, United States Code (as added by section 401 of this Act), the Secretary of Defense may waive the requirement of either subparagraph (A) or (B) (but not both) of subsection (c)(1) of such section in the case of any officer in a grade above captain or, in the case of the Navy, lieutenant."(B) In applying such subparagraph (B) to the initial selections of officers for the joint specialty, the Secretary may in the case of any officer-"(i) waive the requirement that a joint duty assignment be served after the officer has completed an appropriate program at a joint professional military education school;"(ii) waive the requirement for the length of a joint duty assignment in the case of a joint duty assignment begun by an officer before January 1, 1987, if the officer served in that assignment for a period of sufficient duration (which may not be less than 12 months) to have been considered a full tour of duty under the policies and regulations in effect on September 30, 1986; or"(iii) consider as a joint duty assignment any tour of duty begun by an officer before October 1, 1986, that involved significant experience in joint matters (as determined by the Secretary) if the officer served in that assignment for a period of sufficient duration (which may not be less than 12 months) for his service to have been considered a full tour of duty under the policies and regulations in effect on September 30, 1986."(C) A waiver under subparagraph (A) of this paragraph or under any provision of subparagraph (B) of this paragraph may only be made on a case-by-case basis."(D) The authority of the Secretary of Defense to grant a waiver under subparagraph (A) or (B) of this paragraph may be delegated only to the Deputy Secretary of Defense."(2) REQUIREMENT FOR HIGH STANDARDS.-In exercising the authority provided by paragraph (1), the Secretary of Defense shall ensure that the highest standards of performance, education, and experience are established and maintained for officers selected for the joint specialty."(3) SUNSET.-The authority provided by paragraph (1) shall expire on October 1, 1989."(c) CAREER GUIDELINES.-The career guidelines required to be established by section 661(e) of such title, the procedures required to be established by section 665(a) of such title, and the personnel policies required to be established by section 666 of such title (as added by section 401) shall be established not later than the end of the eight-month period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act [Oct. 1, 1986]. The provisions of section 665(b) of such title shall be implemented not later than the end of such period."
- active duty
- The term "active duty" means full-time duty in the active military service of the United States, including sustained duty in the Space Force. Such term includes full-time training duty, annual training duty, and attendance, while in the active military service, at a school designated as a service school by law or by the Secretary of the military department concerned. Such term does not include full-time National Guard duty.
- active-duty list
- The term "active-duty list" means a single list for the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force (required to be maintained under section 620 of this title) which contains the names of all officers of that armed force, other than officers described in section 641 of this title, who are serving on active duty.
- armed forces
- The term "armed forces" means the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, Space Force, and Coast Guard.
- flag officer
- The term "flag officer" means an officer of the Navy or Coast Guard serving in or having the grade of admiral, vice admiral, rear admiral, or rear admiral (lower half).
- general officer
- The term "general officer" means an officer of the Army, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force serving in or having the grade of general, lieutenant general, major general, or brigadier general.
- grade
- The term "grade" means a step or degree, in a graduated scale of office or military rank, that is established and designated as a grade by law or regulation.
- military departments
- The term "military departments" means the Department of the Army, the Department of the Navy, and the Department of the Air Force.
- officer
- The term "officer" means a commissioned or warrant officer.
- pay
- The term "pay" includes basic pay, special pay, retainer pay, incentive pay, retired pay, and equivalent pay, but does not include allowances.