(a) At least annually and after determination of the net income for the accounting period and the establishment of reserves required or permitted by this act, the board of each State association shall determine by resolution, the rate or rates of dividend, if any, which shall be declared for each class of account. Such dividends shall be taken only from the net income or from the undivided profits account. Dividends shall be apportioned to members' accounts upon a compound interest plan. Dividends shall be made available to members by adding the same to their accounts, except where otherwise provided by this act, but in no event shall dividends be made available to the members earlier than the eighth calendar day prior to the closing of the period for which said dividends are paid. Notwithstanding any other provision of this act, the board of any State association, may by resolution, authorize the payment of dividends on amounts withdrawn from savings accounts between the dates as of which such association regularly distributes earnings on savings accounts provided that dividends paid on any amount so withdrawn, shall not be paid for any greater portion of the dividend period than that during which such amount remains in such association, nor at a rate in excess of the rate at which earnings, exclusive of any reward profit, are distributed on savings accounts for the dividend period in which such amount is so withdrawn.