N.Y. Defense Emergency Act 1951 Law § 37

Current through 2024 NY Law Chapter 457

Section 37 - Consumer protection against substandard shelters

1.It shall be unlawful for any person, firm, association or corporation, or for any agent, officer, employee or member thereof to fail to make prompt and full disclosure of the fact that a facility does not comply with the plan, regulations or orders of the commission which are in effect pertaining to shelters:

(a) in selling or in offering for sale,

(b) in constructing or in offering to construct, or

(c) in altering or improving or in offering to alter or improve any area or portion of a building, structure or other real property in order to provide any facility which is represented, either expressly or impliedly, to reduce the intensity of fallout radiation and which fails to comply in this respect with such plan, regulations or orders of the commission. Such disclosure shall be made in such form and manner as the commission may by regulation prescribe.

2.For purposes of this section, the plan, regulations or orders of the commission pertaining to shelters and to the form and manner by which disclosure is to be made shall take effect thirty days after filing by the commission in the office of the department of state.

3.Any person, firm, association or corporation, or any agent, officer, employee or member thereof, who violates the provisions of subdivision one of this section shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and on conviction thereof shall, if a natural person, be punished by a fine not exceeding five hundred dollars, or by imprisonment for not longer than six months; and if a firm, association or a corporation by a fine of not exceeding five thousand dollars.

4.In the alternative, any person, firm, association or corporation, or any agent, officer, employee or member thereof, who violates any of the provisions of subdivision one of this section shall be subject, if a natural person, to a civil penalty not exceeding five hundred dollars, and, if a firm, association or corporation to a civil penalty not exceeding five thousand dollars.

5.Whenever the state director shall know or have a reasonable basis to believe that there has been a violation of the provisions of subdivision one of this section, he shall report all facts supporting such knowledge or belief to the attorney general unless he determines to proceed administratively pursuant to subdivision eight of this section.

The attorney general may prosecute any person, firm, association or corporation, or any agent, officer, employee or member thereof, charged with violating the provisions of subdivision one of this section. In all such criminal proceedings the attorney general may appear in person or by his deputy before any court of record or any grand jury and exercise all the powers and perform all the duties in respect thereof which the district attorney would otherwise be authorized or required to exercise or perform; or the attorney general may in his discretion transmit evidence, proof and information as to such offense to the district attorney of the county in which the accused resides or has its principal office or to the district attorney of the county in which the alleged violation has occurred, and every district attorney to whom such evidence, proof and information is so transmitted shall forthwith proceed to prosecute the person, firm, association or corporation, or any agent, officer, employee or member thereof charged with such violation. In any proceeding wherein the attorney general has appeared in person or by deputy, the district attorney shall exercise only such powers and perform only such duties as are required of him by the attorney general or his deputy.

Alternatively, the attorney general may cause an action or proceeding to be brought in the name and in behalf of the people of the state against any person, firm, association or corporation, or any agent, officer, employee or member thereof for the recovery of the civil penalty referred to in subdivision four of this section. Such action may be brought in the county where the defendant resides or has its principal office or in the county where the alleged violation has occurred.

Every action or proceeding, criminal or civil, brought pursuant to this section must be commenced within three years after the commission of the acts upon which the action or proceeding is based.

6.All moneys recovered as penalties or fines pursuant to this section shall be the property of the state.

7.A violation of the provisions of this section shall not be considered an infraction for purposes of this act.

8.

(a) The state director may, on his own motion, investigate or make inquiry as to any suspected failure to comply with the provisions of subdivision one of this section.

(b) Whenever it shall appear to the state director, after investigation, that there has been a violation of the provisions of subdivision one of this section, he may give written notice to the alleged violator or violators

(i) setting forth the circumstances upon which the alleged violation is based, and

(ii) requiring each respondent to appear in person or by attorney before the state director or his duly designated representative, at the time and place specified and answer the charges set forth. At least twenty days notice of such hearing shall be given.

(c) The state director, or any person designated by him for this purpose, may issue subpoenas and administer oaths in connection with any investigation or hearing conducted pursuant to this subdivision, and it shall be the duty of the state director and any persons designated by him for such purpose to issue subpoenas at the request of and in behalf of any respondent.

(d) The state director, or any person designated by him for this purpose, shall not be bound by the law of evidence in conducting the hearing, but any determination shall be founded upon sufficient legal evidence to sustain it.

(e) In the hearing, each respondent shall have the right to cross examine witnesses against him and to produce witnesses and evidence in his defense.

(f) Upon the conclusion of the hearing, the state director or other person conducting the hearing shall make such findings and determinations as he deems warranted by the legal evidence before him and if a violation of the provisions of subdivision one of this section is found and determined, the state director may assess a penalty not exceeding five hundred dollars for each such violation if the respondent is a natural person and not exceeding five thousand dollars for each such violation if the respondent is a firm, association or corporation. The state director shall notify the respondent personally of such decision in writing or by certified mail.

(g) All findings, determinations and assessments of the state director pursuant to this subdivision shall be subject to review as provided in article seventy-eight of the civil practice law and rules. Application for such review must be made within sixty days after receipt by the respondent of notification of the decision of the state director.

9.In construing and enforcing the provisions of this section the action of an agent, officer, employee or member of a person, firm, association or corporation shall be presumed to be the act of such person, firm, association or corporation.

N.Y. Defense Emergency Act 1951 Law § 37