Section 3351 - Employee defined"Employee" means every person in the service of an employer under any appointment or contract of hire or apprenticeship, express or implied, oral or written, whether lawfully or unlawfully employed, and includes:
(a) Persons who are not citizens or nationals of the United States and minors.(b) All elected and appointed paid public officers.(c) All officers and members of boards of directors of quasi-public or private corporations while rendering actual service for the corporations for pay. An officer or member of a board of directors may elect to be excluded from coverage in accordance with paragraph (16), (18), or (19) of subdivision (a) of Section 3352.(d) Except as provided in paragraph (8) of subdivision (a) of Section 3352, any person employed by the owner or occupant of a residential dwelling whose duties are incidental to the ownership, maintenance, or use of the dwelling, including the care and supervision of children, or whose duties are personal and not in the course of the trade, business, profession, or occupation of the owner or occupant.(e) All persons incarcerated in a state penal or correctional institution while engaged in assigned work or employment as defined in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 10021 of Title 8 of the California Code of Regulations, or engaged in work performed under contract.(f) All working members of a partnership or limited liability company receiving wages irrespective of profits from the partnership or limited liability company. A general partner of a partnership or a managing member of a limited liability company may elect to be excluded from coverage in accordance with paragraph (17) of subdivision (a) of Section 3352.(g) A person who holds the power to revoke a trust, with respect to shares of a private corporation held in trust or general partnership or limited liability company interests held in trust. To the extent that this person is deemed to be an employee described in subdivision (c) or (f), as applicable, the person may also elect to be excluded from coverage as described in subdivision (c) or (f), as applicable, if that person otherwise meets the criteria for exclusion, as described in Section 3352.(h) A person committed to a state hospital facility under the State Department of State Hospitals, as defined in Section 4100 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, while engaged in and assigned work in a vocation rehabilitation program, including a sheltered workshop.(i) Beginning on July 1, 2020, any individual who is an employee pursuant to Section 2775. This subdivision shall not apply retroactively.Amended by Stats 2023 ch 133 (AB 1766),s 1, eff. 1/1/2024.Amended by Stats 2021 ch 296 (AB 1096),s 40, eff. 1/1/2022.Amended by Stats 2019 ch 38 (SB 78),s 33, eff. 6/27/2019.Added by Stats 2017 ch 770 (SB 189),s 2, eff. 1/1/2018.Amended by Stats 2019 ch 296 (AB 5),s 3, eff. 1/1/2020. See Stats 2019 ch 296 (AB 5), s 6.