Rule 1.442 - Service and filing of pleadings and other papers1. 442(1)When service is required. Unless the court otherwise orders, everything required to be filed by the rules in this chapter; every order required by its terms to be served; every pleading subsequent to the original petition; every paper relating to discovery; every written motion including one which may be heard ex parte; and every written notice, appearance, demand, offer of judgment, and similar paper shall be served upon each of the parties. No service need be made on any party against whom a default has been entered except that pleadings asserting new or additional claims for relief against the party shall be served upon the party in the manner provided for service of original notice in rule 1.305. In an action begun by seizure of property, in which no person need be or is named as defendant, any service required to be made prior to the filing of an answer, claim, or appearance shall be made upon the person having custody or possession of the property at the time of its seizure.1. 442(2)How service is made. Service upon a party represented by an attorney shall be made upon the attorney unless service upon the party is ordered by the court. Service on an attorney who has made a limited appearance for a party shall constitute valid service on the represented party only in connection with the specific proceedings for which the attorney has appeared, including any hearing or trial at which the attorney appeared. Service shall be made by delivering, mailing, or transmitting by fax (facsimile) a copy to the attorney or to the party at the attorney's or party's last known address or, if no address is known, by leaving it with the clerk of court. Delivery within this rule means: handing it to the attorney or to the party; leaving it at the attorney's or party's office; or, if the office is closed or the person to be served has no office, leaving it at the attorney's or party's dwelling house or usual place of abode with some person of suitable age and discretion residing therein. Service by mail is complete upon mailing. Service may also be made upon a party or attorney by electronic mail (e-mail) if the person consents in writing in that case to be served in that manner. The written consent shall specify the e-mail address for such service. The written consent may be withdrawn by written notice served on all other parties or attorneys. Service by electronic means is complete upon transmission, unless the party making service learns that the attempted service did not reach the person to be served.
1. 442(3)Same: numerous defendants. In any action in which there are unusually large numbers of defendants, the court, upon motion or of its own initiative, may order that service of the pleadings of the defendants and replies thereto need not be made as between the defendants and that any cross-claim, counterclaim, or matter constituting an avoidance or affirmative defense contained therein shall be deemed to be denied or avoided by all other parties and that the filing of any such pleading and service thereof upon the plaintiff constitutes due notice of it to the parties. A copy of every such order shall be served upon the parties in such manner and form as the court directs.1. 442(4)Filing. Except as provided in rule 1.502, all papers after the petition required to be served upon a party shall be filed with the court either before service or within a reasonable time thereafter; however, no party shall file legal briefs or memoranda, except in support of or resistance to a motion for summary judgment, unless expressly ordered by the court. Such briefs and memoranda shall be served upon the parties with an original copy delivered to the presiding judge. The party submitting the legal brief or memoranda shall file a statement certifying compliance with this rule. Whenever these rules or the rules of appellate procedure require a filing with the district court or its clerk within a certain time, the time requirement shall be tolled when service is made, provided the actual filing is done within a reasonable time thereafter.1. 442(5)Filing with the court defined. The filing of pleadings and other papers with the court as required by these rules shall be made by filing them with the clerk of the court, except that a judicial officer may permit them to be filed with the judicial officer, who shall note thereon the filing date and time and forthwith transmit them to the office of the clerk.1. 442(6)Notice of orders or judgments. Immediately upon the entry of an order or judgment the clerk shall serve a notice of the entry by mail in the manner provided for in this rule upon each party except a party against whom a default has been entered and shall make a note in the docket of the mailing. In the event a case involves an appeal or review relating to an administrative agency, officer, commissioner, board, administrator, or judge, the clerk shall mail without cost to the applicable administrative agency, officer, commissioner, board, administrator, or judge a copy of any remand order, final judgment or decision in the case and a copy of any procedendo from the supreme court. Such mailing is sufficient notice for all purposes for which notice of the entry of an order is required by the rules in this chapter; but any party may in addition serve a notice of such entry in the manner provided in this rule for the service of papers. Lack of notice of the entry by the clerk does not affect the time to appeal or relieve or authorize the district court to relieve a party for failure to appeal within the time allowed.
1. 442(7)Certificate of service. All papers required or permitted to be served or filed shall include a certificate of service. Action shall not be taken on any paper until a certificate of service is filed in the clerk's office. The certificate shall identify the document served and include the date, manner of service, names and addresses of the persons served. The certificate shall be signed by the person making service. Unless ordered by the court, no other proof of service shall be filed.Report October 31, 1997, effective January 24, 1998; November 9, 2001, effective February 15, 2002; November 22, 2002, effective February 1, 2003; March 12, 2007, effective May 15, 2007; November 12, 2009, effective January 11, 2010. COMMENT: Rule 1.442(2) authorizes service by facsimile transmission and deletes archaic and unnecessary language regarding service by delivery to a clerk or person in charge of an office which is not closed. Rule 1.442(7) clarifies that all documents served or filed shall include a certificate of service, that proofs of service shall not be filed regarding documents that are not to be filed, and it sets forth the requirements of a certificate of service and prohibits the filing of other proofs of service unless ordered by the Court.