Rule 1006 - [Effective 1/1/2025] Summaries to Prove Content(a) Summaries of Voluminous Materials Admissible as Evidence. The court may admit as evidence a summary, chart, or calculation offered to prove the content of voluminous admissible writings, recordings, photographs, or videos that cannot be conveniently examined in court, whether or not they have been introduced into evidence.(b) Procedures. The proponent must make the underlying originals or duplicates available for examination or copying, or both, by other parties at a reasonable time and place. And the court may order the proponent to produce them in court.(c) Illustrative Aids Not Covered. A summary, chart, or calculation that functions only as an illustrative aid is governed by Rule 107.Amended Sept. 8, 2011, effective 1/1/2012; amended effective 1/1/2019; amended Aug. 22, 2024, effective 1/1/2025.COMMENT TO 2012 AMENDMENT
The language of Rule 1006 has been amended to conform to the federal restyling of the Evidence Rules to make them more easily understood and to make style and terminology consistent throughout the rules. These changes are intended to be stylistic only. There is no intent to change any result in any ruling on evidence admissibility.
COMMENT TO ORIGINAL 1977 RULE
This rule is not intended to change foundation requirements for summaries. The person creating a summary will ordinarily be required to lay the foundation and be available for cross-examination.
HISTORICAL NOTE
Source:
Federal Rules of Evidence, Rule 1006.