(a) Biosolids - Class A. - (i) The requirement in Section 31(a) (ii) and the requirements in either Section 31(a) (iii), (a) (iv), (a) (v), (a) (vi), (a) (vii), or (a) (viii)shall be met for a biosolids to be classified Class A with respect to pathogens.
- (ii) The Class A pathogen requirements in Section 31(a) (iii) through (viii) shall be met either prior to meeting or at the same time the vector attraction reduction requirements in Section 32, except the vector attraction reduction requirements in Section 32(k) through (m), are met.
- (iii) Class A - Alternative 1.
- (A) Either the density of fecal coliform in the biosolids shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in the biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h).
- (B) The temperature of the biosolids that are used or disposed shall be maintained at a specific value for a period of time.
- (II) When the percent solids of the biosolids is seven percent (7%) or higher and small particles of biosolids are heated by either warmed gases or an immiscible liquid, the temperature of the biosolids shall be 50 degrees Celsius or higher; the time period shall be 15 seconds or longer; and the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (2).
- (III) When the percent solids of the biosolids is less than seven percent (7%) and the time period is at least 15 seconds, but less than 30 minutes, the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (2).
- (IV) When the percent solids of the biosolids is less than seven percent (7%); the temperature of the biosolids is 50 degrees Celsius or higher; and the time period is 30 minutes or longer, the temperature and time period shall be determined using equation (3).
D = 50,070,000/100.1400t Eq.(3)
Where,
D = time in days.
t = temperature in degrees Celsius.
- (iv) Class A - Alternative 2.
- (A) Either the density of fecal coliform in the biosolids shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in the biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h).
- (B) The pH of the biosolids that is used or disposed shall be raised to above 12 and shall remain above 12 for 72 hours.
- (C) The temperature of the biosolids shall be above 52 degrees Celsius for 12 hours or longer during the period that the pH of the biosolids is above 12.
- (D) At the end of the 72 hour period during which the pH of the biosolids is above 12, the biosolids shall be air dried to achieve a percent solids in the biosolids greater than 50 %.
- (v) Class A - Alternative 3.
- (A) Either the density of fecal coliform in the biosolids shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h).
- (B) The biosolids shall be analyzed prior to pathogen treatment to determine whether the biosolids contain enteric viruses.
- (C) When the density of enteric viruses in the biosolids prior to pathogen treatment is less than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the biosolids is Class A with respect to enteric viruses until the next monitoring episode for the biosolids.
- (D) When the density of enteric viruses in the biosolids prior to pathogen treatment is equal to or greater than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the biosolids are Class A with respect to enteric viruses when the density of enteric viruses in the biosolids after pathogen treatment is less than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) and when the values or ranges of values for the operating parameters for the pathogen treatment process that produces the biosolids that meets the enteric virus density requirement are documented.
- (E) After the enteric virus reduction in (a) (v) (D) of this subsection is demonstrated for the pathogen treatment process, the biosolids continues to be Class A with respect to enteric viruses when the values for the pathogen treatment process operating parameters are consistent with the values or ranges of values documented in (a) (v) (D) of this subsection.
- (F) The biosolids shall be analyzed prior to pathogen treatment to determine whether the biosolids contains viable helminth ova.
- (G) When the density of viable helminth ova in the biosolids prior to pathogen treatment is less than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the biosolids is Class A with respect to viable helminth ova until the next monitoring episode for the biosolids.
- (H) When the density of viable helminth ova in the biosolids prior to pathogen treatment is equal to or greater than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis), the biosolids is Class A with respect to viable helminth ova when the density of viable helminth ova in the biosolids after pathogen treatment is less than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) and when the values or ranges of values for the operating parameters for the pathogen treatment process that produces the biosolids that meets the viable helminth ova density requirement are documented.
- (I) After the viable helminth ova reduction in (a) (v) (C) of this subsection is demonstrated for the pathogen treatment process, the biosolids continues to be Class A with respect to viable helminth ova when the values for the pathogen treatment process operating parameters are consistent with the values or ranges of values documented in (a) (v) (C) of this subsection.
- (vi) Class A - Alternative 4.
- (A) Either the density of fecal coliform in the biosolids shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella sp. bacteria in the biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h).
- (B) The density of enteric viruses in the biosolids shall be less than one Plaque-forming Unit per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h), unless otherwise specified by the permitting authority.
- (C) The density of viable helminth ova in the biosolids shall be less than one per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h), unless otherwise specified by the permitting authority.
- (vii) Class A - Alternative 5.
- (A) Either the density of fecal coliform in the biosolids shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella, sp. bacteria in the biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h).
- (B) Biosolids that are used or disposed shall be treated in one of the Processes to Further Reduce Pathogens described in Appendix B.
- (viii) Class A - Alternative 6.
- (A) Either the density of fecal coliform in the biosolids shall be less than 1000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis), or the density of Salmonella, sp. bacteria in the biosolids shall be less than three Most Probable Number per four grams of total solids (dry weight basis) at the time the biosolids is used or disposed; at the time the biosolids is prepared for sale or give away in a bag or other container for application to the land; or at the time the biosolids or material derived from biosolids is prepared to meet the requirements in Section 11(b) through (e), (g) or (h).
- (B) Biosolids that are used or disposed shall be treated in a process that is equivalent to a Process to Further Reduce Pathogens, see Appendix B, as determined by the permitting authority.
(b) Biosolids - Class B. - (i) The requirements in one of the following will be met, Section 31(b) (iii), (b) (iv), or (b) (v), for biosolids to be classified Class B with respect to pathogens.
- (ii) The site restrictions in Section 31(b) (vi) shall be met when biosolids that meets the Class B pathogen requirements in Section 31(b) (iii), (b) (iv), or (b) (v) is applied to the land.
- (iii) Class B - Alternative 1.
- (A) Seven samples of the biosolids shall be collected at the time the biosolids are used or disposed.
- (B) The geometric mean of the density of fecal coliform in the samples collected in (b) (iii) (A) of this subsection shall be less than either 2,000,000 Most Probable Number per gram of total solids (dry weight basis) or 2,000,000 Colony Forming Units per gram of total solids (dry weight basis).
- (iv) Class B - Alternative 2. Biosolids that are used or disposed shall be treated in one of the Processes to Significantly Reduce Pathogens described in Appendix B.
- (v) Class B - Alternative 3. Biosolids that are used or disposed shall be treated in a process that is equivalent to a Process to Significantly Reduce Pathogens, as determined by the permitting authority.
- (vi) Site Restrictions.
- (A) Food crops with harvested parts that touch the biosolids/soil mixture and are totally above the land surface shall not be harvested for 14 months after application of biosolids.
- (B) Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 20 months after application of biosolids when the biosolids remains on the land surface for four months or longer prior to incorporation into the soil.
- (C) Food crops with harvested parts below the surface of the land shall not be harvested for 38 months after application of biosolids when the biosolids remains on the land surface for less than four months prior to incorporation into the soil.
- (D) Food crops, feed crops, and fiber crops shall not be harvested for 30 days after application of biosolids.
- (E) Animals shall not be allowed to graze on the land for 30 days after application of biosolids.
- (F) Turf grown on land where biosolids are applied shall not be harvested for one year after application of the biosolids when the harvested turf is placed on either land with a high potential for public exposure or a lawn, unless otherwise specified by the permitting authority.
- (G) Public access to land with a high potential for public exposure shall be restricted for one year after application of biosolids.
- (H) Public access to land with a low potential for public exposure shall be restricted for 30 days after application of biosolids.
(c) Domestic septage. - (i) The site restrictions in Section 31(b) (vi) shall be met when domestic septage is applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site; or
- (ii) The pH of domestic septage applied to agricultural land, forest, or a reclamation site shall be raised to 12 or higher by alkali addition and, without the addition of more alkali, shall remain at 12 or higher for 30 minutes and the site restrictions in Section 31(b) (vi) (A) through (b) (vi) (D) shall be met.
- (iii) The requirements of this section are satisfied by compliance with the conditions in a General Statewide Permit for Land Application of Domestic Sewage In Remote Areas, see Appendix C.