Section NR 422.14 - Graphic arts(1) APPLICABILITY. (a) Subsections (2), (3), and (5) apply to the printing lines of all packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure, and flexographic printing facilities that are either of the following: 1. Located in the county of Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Washington, or Waukesha and which have maximum theoretical emissions of VOC from the facility greater than or equal to 25 tons per year.2. Located outside of the counties of Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Washington, and Waukesha and which have maximum theoretical emissions of VOC from the facility greater than or equal to 100 ton per year.(b) Except as provided in sub. (1m), subs. (4) and (5) apply to the owner or operator of any rotogravure printing press, except flexible packaging rotogravure, or any flexographic printing press, except flexible packaging flexographic, at a facility located in the county of Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha, if VOC emissions from all industrial cleaning operations, before consideration of controls, equal or exceed 3 tons per year on a 12 consecutive month rolling basis. (1m) EXEMPTIONS. The following exemptions are applicable to various provisions of this section: (a) Subsection (4) does not apply to the stripping of cured coatings or cured inks.(b) Subsection (4) (a) does not apply to cleaning conducted in conjunction with performance laboratory testing on coatings or inks; research and development programs; and laboratory tests in quality assurance laboratories.(c) Subsection (4) (a) and (e) do not apply to cleaning with aerosol products if 160 fluid ounces or less of VOC-containing aerosol products are used per day for industrial cleaning operations per facility.(d) Subsection (4) (a), (d), (e), and (f) do not apply to digital printing.(e) Subsection (4) (e) does not apply to cleaning with solvents or solvent solutions in spray bottles or containers described in sub. (4) (b) 2.(f) Subsection (4) (e) does not apply to the cleaning of the nozzle tips of automated spray equipment systems, except for robotic systems that are programmed to spray into a closed container.(2) EMISSION LIMITATIONS. No owner or operator of a packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure or flexographic printing line may operate, or cause, allow or permit the operation of the line unless one of the following requirements is met: (a) The volatile fraction of ink, as it is applied to the substrate, contains 25% by volume or less of VOC and 75% by volume or more of water.(b) The ink, as it is applied to the substrate, less water, contains 60% by volume or more nonvolatile material.(c) The owner or operator installs and operates one of the following: 1. A vapor recovery system which reduces the VOC emissions from the capture system by at least 90% by weight.2. An incineration or catalytic oxidation system, provided that 90% by weight of the VOCs, VOC measured as total combustible carbon, which enter the incinerator or oxidation unit are oxidized to nonorganic compounds.3. An alternative VOC emission reduction system demonstrated to have at least a 90% reduction efficiency, as measured across the control system, and approved by the department. Any approval granted by the department under this subdivision shall be submitted to, and will not become effective for federal purposes until approved by, the administrator or designee as a source-specific revision to the department's state implementation plan for ozone.(3) CONTROL SYSTEM. The overall emission reduction efficiency of any capture system and control device used in conjunction with sub. (2) (c) shall be at least: (a) 75% where a publication rotogravure process is employed.(b) 65% where a packaging rotogravure process is employed.(c) 60% where a flexographic printing process is employed.(4) INDUSTRIAL CLEANING OPERATIONS. Beginning on March 1, 2013, the owner or operator of a facility subject to this subsection shall meet the requirements of this subsection:(a)Solvent and solvent solution requirements. Except as provided under par. (d), no owner or operator of a facility may cause, allow or permit the use of a solvent or solvent solution for industrial cleaning operations unless the VOC content of the solvent or solvent solution is less than or equal to the applicable VOC content listed in Table 4 for the respective cleaning operation. For the purposes of this subsection, VOC content shall be defined as in s. NR 423.02(11r). Table 4
VOC Content Limits for Solvents and Solvent Solutions Used in Industrial Cleaning Operation
Cleaning Activity | VOC Content of Solvent or Solvent Solution in kilograms per liter (pounds per gallon) |
1. | Product cleaning or surface preparation during manufacturing process | 0.05 (0.42) |
2. | Repair cleaning or maintenance cleaning | 0.05 (0.42) |
3. | Cleaning of ink application equipment |
a. Flexographic except flexible packaging and except ultraviolet | 0.05 (0.42) |
b. Non-flexible packaging rotogravure except ultraviolet | 0.05 (0.42) |
c. Publication rotogravure except ultraviolet | 0.10 (0.83) |
d. Ultraviolet | 0.65 (5.4) |
(b)Cleaning devices and methods requirements. Except as provided under par. (d), the owner or operator of a facility shall comply with the following requirements associated with the identified cleaning devices or methods when using solvents or solvent solutions: 1. Physically rub a surface with a porous applicator such as a rag, paper, sponge, or a cotton swab moistened with solvent or solvent solution.2. Closed containers or hand held spray bottles from which solvents or solvent solutions are applied without a propellant-induced force.3. Cleaning equipment which has a solvent or solvent solution container that is closed during cleaning operations, except when depositing and removing objects to be cleaned, and is closed during non-operation with the exception of maintenance and repair to the cleaning equipment itself.4. A remote reservoir cleaner operated in compliance with all of the following requirements:a. Solvent vapors are prevented from escaping from the solvent or solvent solution container by using devices such as a cover or a valve when the remote reservoir is not being used, cleaned, or repaired.b. Flow is directed in a manner that prevents solvent or solvent solution from splashing outside of the remote reservoir cleaner.c. The cleaner is not used for cleaning porous or absorbent materials, such as cloth, leather, wood, or rope.d. Only solvent or solvent solution containers free of all liquid leaks are used. Auxiliary equipment, such as pumps, pipelines, or flanges, may not have any liquid leaks, visible tears, or cracks. Any liquid leak, visible tear, or crack detected shall be repaired within one calendar day, or the leaking section of the remote reservoir cleaner shall be drained of all solvents or solvent solutions and shut down until it is replaced or repaired. 5. A non-atomized flow method where the used solvents or solvent solutions are collected in a container or a collection system which is closed, except for the solvent or solvent solution collection openings that may be open when filling or emptying, or the opening caused by use of a pressure relief valve.6. A flushing method where the used solvents or solvent solutions are discharged into a container which is closed, except for the solvent or solvent solution collection openings that may be open when filling or emptying, or the opening caused by use of a pressure relief valve. The discharged solvents or solvent solutions shall be collected into containers without atomizing into the open air. (c)Storage and disposal. The owner or operator of a facility shall store all solvents or solvent solutions used in industrial cleaning operations in non-absorbent, non-leaking containers which shall be kept covered except when filling or emptying. Cloth and paper moistened with solvents or solvent solutions shall be stored in covered, non-absorbent, non-leaking containers.(d)Control equipment. In lieu of complying with the requirements in pars. (a) and (b), the owner or operator of a facility may use a VOC emission control system to control VOC emissions from the industrial cleaning operations at the facility provided one of the following requirements is met: 1. The emission control system has a minimum overall emission reduction efficiency of 85% for VOC emissions, as determined in accordance with s. NR 439.06(3) (am).2. The emission control system has a minimum VOC capture efficiency of 90% and an output of VOC emissions of less than 50 ppm calculated as carbon, not including methane and ethane, with no dilution, as determined in accordance with s. NR 439.06(3) (a).(e)General prohibitions. The owner or operator of a facility may not atomize any solvent or solvent solution unless the resulting VOC emissions are controlled by an air pollution control system that meets one of the requirements of par. (d).(f)Alternative compliance option. In lieu of complying with the requirements in par. (a), the owner or operator of a facility may use solvents or solvent solutions for industrial cleaning operations which have a VOC composite partial vapor pressure of less than or equal to 8 mm of Hg at 20°C. (5) RECORDKEEPING. In addition to the applicable recordkeeping requirements in s. NR 439.04, the owner or operator of any packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure or flexographic printing facility shall collect and record the applicable information specified in this subsection. The information shall be maintained at the facility for a minimum of 5 years and shall be made available to a department representative at any time during normal working hours. The information required is: (a) For each operation that is exempt under sub. (1m) (c), the daily quantity in fluid ounces of VOC-containing aerosol product used for industrial cleaning operations.(b) For each operation that is subject to sub. (4), the following information as appropriate: 1. The name and identification of each cleaning material and the associated solvent cleaning activity.2. The VOC content of each cleaning material, in pounds per gallon of material, as employed or the VOC composite partial vapor pressure of the solvents or solvent solutions used in industrial cleaning operations.3. For any operation subject to sub. (4) (d), the results of any testing conducted as required under sub. (4) (d).Wis. Admin. Code Department of Natural Resources NR 422.14
Renum. from NR 154.13(2) (l) and am. Register, September, 1986, No. 369, eff. 10-1-86; am. (2) (intro.), Register, February, 1990, No. 410, eff. 3-1-90; am. (2) (a), (c) 2. and 3., (3) (intro.), (b) and (c), Register, December, 1993, No. 456, eff. 1-1-94; am. (2) (c) (intro.), 3., Register, December, 1995, No. 480, eff. 1-1-96; am. (2) (intro.), (a) and (b), Register, October, 1999, No. 526, eff. 11-1-99; CR 11-005: renum. (1) to be (1) (a) (intro.) and am., cr. (1) (a) 1., 2., (b), (1m), (4), (5) Register January 2012 No. 673, eff. 2-1-12.Amended by, CR 20-088: am. (1m) (intro.) Register May 2022 No. 797, eff. 6/1/2022