Section NR 422.095 - Automobile refinishing operations(1) APPLICABILITY. (a) Subsections (3) to (5) apply to automobile refinishing operations performed in the following types of facilities in the counties of Kenosha, Kewaunee, Manitowoc, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, and Waukesha: auto body and repair shops; production paint shops; new and used motor vehicle dealer repair and paint shops; fleet operator repair and paint shops; and any facility which coats vehicles and is classified under standard industrial classification code 7532, as described in the Standard Industrial Classification Manual, 1987, incorporated by reference in s. NR 484.05(1), including dock repair of imported vehicles and dealer repair of vehicles damaged in transit.(b) Subsections (7) and (8) apply to the owner or operator of a facility specified in par. (a) which is located in the county of Kenosha, Milwaukee, Ozaukee, Racine, Sheboygan, Washington, or Waukesha if VOC emissions from all industrial cleaning operations associated with automobile refinishing operations at the facility, before consideration of controls, equal or exceed 3 tons on a 12 consecutive month rolling basis. (2) EXEMPTIONS. (a) Automobile refinishing operations at facilities which use less than 20 gallons per year of coatings are exempt from the equipment requirements in sub. (5).(b) The application of touch-up coatings is exempt from this section.(c) Subsection (7) does not apply to the stripping of cured coatings or cured inks.(d) Subsection (7) does not apply to industrial adhesives or adhesive primers.(e) Subsection (7) (a) does not apply to cleaning conducted in conjunction with performance laboratory tests on coatings or inks; research and development programs; and laboratory tests in quality assurance laboratories.(f) Subsection (7) (a) and (e) do not apply to cleaning with aerosol products if 160 fluid ounces or less of VOC-containing aerosol products are used per day for industrial cleaning operations per facility.(g) Subsection (7) (a), (d), (e), and (f) do not apply to digital printing.(h) Subsection (7) (e) does not apply to cleaning with solvents or solvent solutions in spray bottles or containers described in sub. (7) (b) 2.(i) Subsection (7) (e) does not apply to the cleaning of the nozzle tips of automated spray equipment systems, except for robotic systems that are programmed to spray into a closed container.(3) NOTIFICATION. (a) The owner or operator of an automobile refinishing operation in existence on September 1, 1995, and subject to this section, shall submit a notification to the department, in writing, within 60 days of September 1, 1995, consisting of the following information: 1. Name, address and phone number of facility where refinishing operations are taking place.2. Name and phone number of the responsible party at the facility.(b) The owner or operator of an automobile refinishing operation which becomes subject to this section shall submit a written notification to the department containing the information specified in par. (a) within 30 days after becoming subject to this section. Note: Notifications submitted under this subsection should be submitted to:
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources
Bureau of Air Management
PO Box 7921
Madison WI 53707-7921
Attn: Small Business Section
(4) EMISSION LIMITATIONS-COATING. (a) No owner or operator of an automobile refinishing operation may refinish or allow the refinishing of any motor vehicles or their body parts and components using any coating or coating system with a VOC content in excess of that specified in Table 2. All coatings and coating components shall be used according to manufacturer's specifications and mixing instructions.(b) The most restrictive VOC limitation in Table 2 applies with either of the following: 1. Different combinations or mixing ratios of coatings and coating components are used which constitute a different coating system than any of the systems listed in Table 2.2. The same combination and mixing ratio of coating components is used for more than one category in Table 2.(c) Automobile refinishing coatings and coating components manufactured prior to January 11, 1999 are exempt from the emission limitations in Table 2. Table 2
VOC Content Limitations For Coatings and Coating
Components Used in Automobile Refinishing Operation
[Kilograms/liter (pounds/gallon) of coating, excluding water, as applied]
Type of Coating | Maximum VOC Content |
Pretreatment wash primer | 0.78 (6.5) |
Primers/primer surfacers | 0.58 (4.8) |
Primer sealers | 0.55 (4.6) |
Single/2-stage topcoats | 0.60 (5.0) |
Three or more stage top- | 0.63 (5.2) |
coat system |
Specialty coatings | 0.84 (7.0) |
Multi-colored topcoats | 0.68 (5.7) |
(d) The maximum VOC content for any category of coating in Table 2 shall be calculated according to the following formula: See PDF for diagram
where:
VOC content is the pounds of VOC per gallon of coating
Wv is the mass of total volatiles, in pounds
Ww is the mass of water, in pounds
Wec is the mass of exempt compounds, in pounds
V is the volume of coating, in gallons
Vw is the volume of water, in gallons
Vec is the volume of exempt compounds, in gallons
(e) The VOC content for a multi-stage topcoat shall be calculated according to the following formula: See PDF for diagram
where:
VOCmulti is the VOC content of a multi-stage topcoat, in pounds of VOC per gallon of coating
VOCbc is the VOC content of the basecoat, as determined in par. (d)
VOCmci is the VOC content of midcoat i, as determined in par. (d)
VOCcc is the VOC content of the clearcoat, as determined in par. (d)
M is the number of midcoats.
(5) APPLICATION EQUIPMENT. No owner or operator of an automobile refinishing operation may refinish or allow the refinishing of any motor vehicles or their body parts and components unless one of the following types of application equipment is used in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations:(a) Electrostatic application equipment.(b) Low-pressure spray method application equipment.(6m) SPECIALTY COATINGS. No owner or operator of an automobile refinishing operation may apply or allow the application of a specialty coating for any reason other than the manufacturer's intended purposes.(7) INDUSTRIAL CLEANING OPERATIONS. Beginning on March 1, 2013, the owner or operator of a facility subject to this subsection shall meet the requirements of this subsection. (a)Solvent and solvent solution requirements. Except as provided under par. (d), no owner or operator of a facility may cause, allow or permit the use of a solvent or solvent solution for industrial cleaning operations unless the VOC content of the solvent or solvent solution is less than or equal to 0.05 kilograms of VOC per liter (0.42 pounds per gallon). For the purposes of this subsection, VOC content shall be defined as in s. NR 423.02(11r).(b)Cleaning devices and methods requirements. Except as provided under par. (d), the owner or operator of a facility shall comply with the following requirements associated with the identified cleaning devices or methods when using solvents or solvent solutions: 1. Physically rub a surface with a porous applicator such as a rag, paper, sponge, or a cotton swab moistened with solvent or solvent solution.2. Closed containers or hand held spray bottles from which solvents or solvent solutions are applied without a propellant-induced force.3. Cleaning equipment which has a solvent or solvent solution container that is closed during cleaning operations, except when depositing and removing objects to be cleaned, and is closed during non-operation with the exception of maintenance and repair to the cleaning equipment itself.4. A remote reservoir cleaner operated in compliance with all of the following requirements: a. Solvent vapors are prevented from escaping from the solvent or solvent solution container by using devices such as a cover or a valve when the remote reservoir is not being used, cleaned, or repaired.b. Flow is directed in a manner that prevents solvent or solvent solution from splashing outside of the remote reservoir cleaner.c. The cleaner is not used for cleaning porous or absorbent materials, such as cloth, leather, wood, or rope.d. Only solvent or solvent solution containers free of all liquid leaks are used. Auxiliary equipment, such as pumps, pipelines, or flanges, may not have any liquid leaks, visible tears, or cracks. Any liquid leak, visible tear, or crack detected shall be repaired within one calendar day, or the leaking section of the remote reservoir cleaner shall be drained of all solvents or solvent solutions and shut down until it is replaced or repaired.5. A non-atomized flow method where the used solvents or solvent solutions are collected in a container or a collection system which is closed, except for the solvent or solvent solution collection openings that may be open when filling or emptying, or the opening caused by use of a pressure relief valve.6. A flushing method where the used solvents or solvent solutions are discharged into a container which is closed, except for the solvent or solvent solution collection openings that may be open when filling or emptying, or the opening caused by use of a pressure relief valve. The discharged solvents or solvent solutions shall be collected into containers without atomizing into the open air.(c)Storage and disposal. The owner or operator of a facility shall store all solvents or solvent solutions used in industrial cleaning operations in non-absorbent, non-leaking containers which shall be kept covered except when filling or emptying. Cloth and paper moistened with solvents or solvent solutions shall be stored in covered, non-absorbent, non-leaking containers. Waste paint, spent solvent and sludge from spray gun cleaners or in-house distillation units shall be stored in closed containers until properly disposed. Proper disposal includes releasing wastes to a reclaiming or hazardous waste management facility licensed under ch. NR 670, or recycling with an in-house distillation unit.(d)Control equipment. In lieu of complying with the requirements in pars. (a) and (b), the owner or operator of a facility may use a VOC emission control system to control VOC emissions from the industrial cleaning operations at the facility provided one of the following requirements is met: 1. The emission control system has a minimum overall emission reduction efficiency of 85% for VOC emissions, as determined in accordance with s. NR 439.06(3) (am).2. The emission control system has a minimum VOC capture efficiency of 90% and an output of VOC emissions of less than 50 ppm calculated as carbon, not including methane and ethane, with no dilution, as determined in accordance with s. NR 439.06(3) (a).(e)General prohibitions. The owner or operator of a facility may not atomize any solvent or solvent solution unless the resulting VOC emissions are controlled by an air pollution control system that meets one of the requirements of par. (d).(f)Alternative compliance option. In lieu of complying with the requirements in par. (a), the owner or operator of a facility may use solvents or solvent solutions for industrial cleaning operations which have a VOC composite partial vapor pressure of less than or equal to 8 mm of Hg at 20°C. (8) RECORDKEEPING. In addition to the applicable recordkeeping requirements in s. NR 439.04, the owner or operator of any automobile refinishing operation shall collect and record the applicable information specified in this subsection. The information shall be maintained at the facility for a minimum of 5 years and shall be made available to a department representative at any time during normal working hours. The information required is: (a) For each operation that is exempt under sub. (2) (f), the daily quantity in fluid ounces of VOC-containing aerosol product used for industrial cleaning operations.(b) For each operation that is subject to sub. (7), the following information as appropriate: 1. The name and identification of each cleaning material and the associated solvent cleaning activity.2. The VOC content of each cleaning material, in pounds per gallon of material, as employed or the VOC composite partial vapor pressure of the solvents or solvent solutions used in industrial cleaning operations.3. For any operation subject to sub. (7) (d), the results of any testing conducted as required under sub. (7) (d).Wis. Admin. Code Department of Natural Resources NR 422.095
Cr. Register, August, 1995, No. 476, eff. 9-1-95; am. (1), (2) (a), (3) (a) (intro.), (b), (5) (intro.), (6) (intro.) and (7), r. (2) (c), (6) (a), (b) and (8), r. and recr. (4), renum. (6) (c) to (f) to be (6) (a) to (d) and am. (6) (d), Register, January, 2001, No. 541, eff. 2-1-01; CR 00-174: am. (4) (a) to (d), renum. Table 1 to be Table 2, Register August 2001 No. 548, eff. 9-1-01; correction in (6) (b) made under s. 13.92(4) (b) 7, Stats., Register July 2009 No. 643; CR 11-005: renum. (1) to be (1) (a) and am., r. (6), cr. (1) (b), (2) (c) to (i), (7), (8), am. (2) (a) Register January 2012 No. 673, eff. 2-1-12, correction in numbering made to (6m) renum. from (7) made under s. 13.92(4) (b) 7, Register January 2012 No. 673.