W. Va. Code R. § 126-45B-3

Current through Register Vol. XLI, No. 50, December 13, 2024

Section 126-45B-3 - Content for Parenting Curriculum required by S.B. 255

3.1. Procedures. -- The learner will:

3.1.1. Use strategies and skills useful in creating a quality parenting environment.

a. Identify those critical thinking, practical reasoning and problem solving skills useful to parents and families in resolving practical problems.

b. Learn to make and implement plans based on established realistic short- and long-term goals related to becoming a parent and fulfilling the roles of parenting.

3.1.2. Analyze predictors of marital success, evaluate one's readiness for marriage and determine the impact of readiness for marriage and mate selection on readiness for parenting.

a. Develop criteria for judging marriage readiness and appraise one's readiness for marriage using established criteria.

b. Relate marriage readiness and mate selection to parenting success and difficulty.

3.1.3. Identify ways family structures, relationships, culture and societal issues impact the parenting role.

a. Define family and describe differences in family structures (single, married, blended, single parent, two generations, etc.).

b. Identify different types of relationships (partner, co-workers, friends, civic/social groups, relatives) and analyze how they affect the parenting role.

c. Summarize cultural influences on family relationships and their impact on parenting.

d. Analyze the interrelationship among social institutions, public policy and families in their parenting role.

e. Examine special parenting circumstances and analyze their impact on society, the family and the development of children (e.g., handicapping conditions, adolescent parent, single parent, foster child, adopted child, extended families, working mothers, spouse role reversal, childlessness, etc.).

3.1.4. Evaluate ways in which parenthood affects lifestyles, explain the benefits of a well-planned family to the quality of family life and analyze alternatives to parenthood.

a. Interpret the meaning of parenthood and describe costs and rewards of becoming a parent (e.g. career choices, lifestyle, etc.).

b. Analyze roles and responsibilities associated with parenting.

c. Determine how attitudes, financial considerations, personal factors, career choices and environmental considerations influence parenting.

d. Determine how parental self-esteem affects the parenting role.

e. Identify factors determining parenting styles and evaluate the effectiveness of various parenting styles.

f. Review biological processes related to conception and evaluate contraceptive methods.

g. Evaluate personal readiness for parenting.

3.1.5. Analyze factors which contribute to the emotional and physical health of mother, father and baby during pre- and post-natal periods.

a. Draw conclusions about the effects on fetal development of the exposure to medicines, drugs or alcohol and other hazards during pregnancy.

b. Determine each parent's role during pregnancy and the pregnancy's impact on the physical health of the child and the emotional health of the mother and father.

c. Plan ways to cope with emotional changes during pregnancy.

d. Relate the bonding process to parent/child relationships and infant development.

e. Explain family adjustments and coping strategies needed when the baby arrives.

3.1.6. Plan ways to meet the food, play, health and safety needs of children based on their physchosocial, intellectual, language, physical and moral development.

a. Infants.

1. Trace the development of the infant and discuss the importance of realistic expectations by parents.

2. Describe signs of infant communication and explain ways parents can respond to foster close parent-child relationships.

3. Describe nutritional and nuturing food experiences for the infant.

4. Review basic first aid skills necessary to meet the needs of infants.

5. Explain ways to provide safe and comfortable sleep, play and living environments for infants.

6. Explain ways to provide preventative medical care and to deal with common illnesses of infancy.

7. Identify factors to consider when selecting clothing, toys and equipment for infants.

b. Toddlers.

1. Trace the development of the toddler and discuss the importance of realistic expectations by parents.

2. Describe the process of language development in toddlers and skills parents can develop to encourage the toddler's communication abilities.

3. Explain reasons for the toddler's drive for autonomy and describe techniques parents can use to deal with the toddler's testing of limits.

4. Describe how parents can help toddlers develop positive attitudes about food and achieve skill in self-feeding.

5. Identify the physical and maturational factors related to toilet training and describe appropriate techniques for establishing toilet routines for toddlers.

6. Describe the development of large muscle skills of toddlers and their physical activity needs.

7. Describe the toddler's emerging capacity for emotional expression and identify parenting skills for assisting the toddlers in the proper expression of emotions.

8. Describe the special clothing and safety needs of toddlers in relation to their increased mobility and explain specific ways parents can provide a safe home environment for the toddler.

9. Explain the parent's role in balancing the toddler's need for self assertion and ability to live within limits.

10. Identify appropriate toys for the toddler and describe how the toddler's expanding social environmental influences play activities.

11. Describe why it is important that the parents understand the toddler's lack of ability to distinguish between right and wrong.

c. Preschoolers.

1. Trace the development of preschoolers and describe the importance of realistic expectations by parents.

2. Plan ways to enhance the continued large motor development of preschoolers and explain why a high level of physical activity is needed.

3. Choose activities for children which enhance intellectual skills, including language development and strengthen fine motor skills.

4. Describe strategies adult authority figures can use to foster a sense of right and wrong within the preschooler.

5. Demonstrate effective communication techniques (i.e. "I" messages, active listening, etc.) parents can use to enhance interactions with preschoolers.

6. Cite ways to deal with the increased curiosity of the preschooler.

7. Plan experiences with peers and siblings to enhance the social development of the preschooler.

8. Demonstrate a variety of guidance and discipline techniques appropriate for use with preschoolers.

9. Describe ways to assist preschoolers in appropriately expressing their emotions and in developing non-stereotyped gender roles.

10. Describe ways to encourage independence through feeding, dressing and play experiences.

11. Summarize the safeguards parents should use to insure the health and safety of preschoolers.

12. Cite positive and negative impacts of media experiences on the development of the preschooler.

d. School-age children.

1. Trace the development of school-age children and discuss the importance of realistic expectations by parents.

2. Cite activities for school-age children which enhance physical, emotional and social development.

3. Explain ways to meet the health and safety needs of the school-age child.

4. Explain how the need for discipline and monitoring of activities change from preschool to school-age.

5. Describe ways children can learn responsibility, sharing and interpersonal skills in a family.

e. Adolescents.

1. Describe how a sense of identity develops in adolescence.

2. Cite strategies for maintaining effective communication in families during adolescence.

3.1.7. Use constructive guidance techniques which promote self-discipline and self-esteem in children.

a. Explain correlations between the child/parent relationship, patterns of communication and effective guidance.

b. Distinguish between discipline, punishment and abuse and identify various approaches to guiding children's behavior.

c. Demonstrate ways to encourage self-control, self-sufficiency and a positive self-image through guidance.

d. Demonstrate positive guidance techniques appropriate for the child's level of development which enhance self-esteem.

3.1.8. Demonstrate knowledge of the financial costs of parenting and describe the impact of family financial management on family functioning and parenting.

a. Calculate the financial costs of rearing a child from birth to age 18.

b. Create a family budget.

c. Develop strategies to help parents cope with children's demands on the family budget.

d. Devise ways to teach children to manage money.

3.1.9. Describe factors which may contribute to child abuse and neglect, describe ways to prevent child abuse and apply decision making, problem solving techniques and coping strategies to parenting situations.

a. Cite causes of family stress, conflict and crisis leading to abuse and neglect (unemployment, work demands, financial management, time management, substance abuse, divorce, death, handicapping conditions, lack of problem solving ability, etc.)

b. Given abusive situations, suggest possible preventive and intervention measures communication, support systems, time-out, drop-off, etc.).

3.1.10. Identify and assess sources of information and assistance available to families.

a. Categorize parenting and family problems and types of help needed.

b. Differentiate among types of help offered by various agencies.

c. Select sources of help and identify support systems for given parenting and family problems.

d. Given a problem situation, apply the problem-solving process and use critical thinking skills to choose and plan action to resolve the problem.

3.1.11. Describe ways to enrich family relationships.

a. Determine ways to enrich family relationships even when both parents work (e.g. sharing activities and time together, developing common interests, practicing democracy, planning family recreation, sharing traditions, customs and religious activities, etc.).

b. Draw conclusions about the effects of enrichment on family relationships and the family's ability to communicate and to cope with practical problems.

c. Analyze how time together and time apart enriches the parent-child relationship.

W. Va. Code R. § 126-45B-3