Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 1200-03-18-.35

Current through December 10, 2024

Section 1200-03-18-.35 - GRAPHIC ARTS SYSTEMS

(1) This rule applies to any packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure, or flexographic printing press at any facility whose potential VOC emissions from all such printing presses is greater than or equal to 90.7 megagrams (Mg) (100 tons) per year.

(2) For the purpose of this rule, the following definitions apply:

(a) "Flexographic printing press" means a printing press that uses a roll printing technique in which the pattern to be applied is raised above the printing roll and the image carrier is made of rubber or other elastomeric materials.

(b) "Packaging rotogravure printing press" means a rotogravure printing press used to print on paper, paper board, metal foil, plastic film, and other substrates that are, in subsequent operations, formed into packaging products and labels, and other nonpublication products.

(c) "Publication rotogravure printing press" means a rotogravure printing press on which the paper products such as the following are printed:

1. Catalogues, including mail order and premium;

2. Direct mail advertisements, including circulars, letters, pamphlets, cards, and printed envelopes;

3. Display advertisements, including general posters, outdoor advertisements, car cards, window posters; counter and floor displays; point-of-purchase, and other printed display material;

4. Magazines, books;

5. Miscellaneous advertisements, including brochures, pamphlets, catalogue sheets, circular folders, announcements, package inserts, book jackets, market circulars, magazine inserts, and shopping news;

6. Newspapers, magazine and comic supplements for newspapers, and pre-printed newspaper inserts;

7. Periodicals; or

8. Telephone and other directories, including business reference services.

(d) "Rotogravure printing press" means any printing press designed to print on a substrate using a gravure cylinder.

(3) Standards as follow apply:

(a) No owner or operator of a packaging rotogravure or flexographic printing press subject to this rule shall apply any coating or ink unless the VOC content is equal to or less than one of the following:

1. 40 percent VOC by volume of the coating or ink, excluding water, as applied;

2. 25 percent VOC by volume of the volatile content in the coating or ink, as applied; or

3. 0.5 kilogram (kg) VOC per kg (0.5 pound [lb] VOC per lb) coating or ink solids, as applied.

(b) No owner or operator of a publication rotogravure printing press subject to this rule shall apply any coating or ink unless the VOC content is equal to or less than one of the following:

1. 40 percent VOC by volume of the coating or ink, excluding water, as applied; or

2. 25 percent VOC by volume of the volatile content in the coating or ink, as applied.

(c) As an alternative to compliance with the limits in Subparagraphs (a) or (b) of this paragraph, an owner or operator of a packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure, or flexographic printing press may comply with the requirements of this rule by meeting the requirements of Paragraph (4) or (5) of this rule.

(4) Weighted average limitations as follow apply:

(a) No owner or operator of a packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure, or flexographic printing press shall apply coatings and/or inks on the subject printing press unless the weighted average, by volume, VOC content of all coatings and/or inks, as applied, each day on the subject printing press is equal to or less than the limitation specified in either Part (3)(a)1 or (3)(b)1 [as determined by Subparagraph (4)(d)]; (3)(a)2 or (3)(b)2 [as determined by Subparagraph (4)(e)]; or, in the case of packaging rotogravure or flexographic printing, (3)(a)3 [as determined by Subparagraph (4)(f)] of this rule.

(b) An owner or operator may comply with the weighted average limitation by grouping coatings and/or inks used on a printing press into two categories that meet the conditions in Parts 1 and 2 of this subparagraph as follow. (Any use of averaging between the two categories of coatings and/ or inks used on a packaging rotogravure press or on a flexographic press requires compliance with the emission standard in Part (3)(a)3, as determined by the equation in Subparagraph (f) of this paragraph.):

1. The weighted average VOC content for the first category shall comply with Part (3)(a)1 or (3)(b)1 of this rule, as determined by applying the equation in Subparagraph (d) of this paragraph to the coatings and/or inks in this first category.

2. The weighted average VOC content for the second category shall comply with Part (3)(a)2 or (3)(b)2 of this rule, as determined by applying the equation in Subparagraph (e) of this paragraph to the coatings and/or inks in this second category.

(c)

(Reserved)

(d) The following equation shall be used to determine if the weighted average VOC content of all coatings and/or inks, as applied, on the subject printing press exceeds the limitation specified in Part (3)(a)1 or (3)(b)1 of this rule:

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where:

VOC_(i)(A) = The weighted average VOC content in units of percent VOC by volume of all coatings and/or inks (excluding water and/or exempt compounds) used each day;

i = Subscript denoting a specific coating or ink, as applied;

n = The number of different coatings and/or inks, as applied, each day on a printing press;

L_i = The liquid volume of each coating or ink, as applied, used that day in units or liters (L) (gallons [gal]);

V_si = The volume fraction of solids in each coating or ink, as applied; and

V_VOCi = The volume fraction of VOC in each coating or ink, as applied.

(e) The following equation shall be used to determine if the weighted average VOC content of all coatings and/or inks, as applied, on the subject printing press exceeds the limitation specified in Part (3)(a)2 or (3)(b)2 of this rule:

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where:

VOC_(i)(B) = The weighted average VOC content in units of percent VOC by volume of the volatile content of all coatings and/or inks used each day;

i = Subscript denoting a specific coating or ink, as applied;

n = The number of different coatings and/or inks, as applied, each day on a printing press;

L_i = The liquid volume of each coating or ink, as applied, in units or L (gal);

V_VOCi = The volume fraction of VOC in each coating or ink, as applied; and

V_VCi = The volume fraction of volatile matter in each coating or ink, as applied.

(f) The following equation shall be used to determine if the weighted average VOC content of all coatings and/or inks, as applied, on the subject printing press exceeds the limitation specified in Part (3)(a)3 of this rule:

Click to view Image

where:

VOC = The weighted average VOC content in units of mass of VOC per mass of (i)(C) coating and/or ink solids;

i = Subscript denoting a specific coating or ink, as applied;

n = The number of different coatings and/or inks, as applied, each day on a printing press;

L_i = The liquid volume of each coating or ink, as applied, used on the day in units of L (gal);

D_i = The density of each coating or ink, as applied, in units of mass of coating or ink per unit volume of coating or ink;

W_VOCi = The weight fraction of VOC in each coating or ink, as applied; and

W_si = The weight fraction of solids in each coating or ink, as applied.

(5) Control device requirements as follow apply:

(a) No owner or operator of a packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure, or flexographic printing press equipped with a control system shall operate the printing press unless the owner or operator meets the following requirements:

1. A carbon adsorption, incineration, or other control device is used that reduces the VOC emissions delivered from the capture system to the control device by at least 90 percent by weight; and

2. The printing press is equipped with a capture system and control device that provides an overall emission reduction efficiency of at least:

(i) 75 percent for a publication rotogravure printing press;

(ii) 65 percent for a packaging rotogravure printing press; or

(iii) 60 percent for a flexographic printing press.

(b) An owner or operator of a packaging rotogravure, publication rotogravure, or flexographic printing press equipped with a control system shall ensure that:

1. A capture system and control device are operated at all times that the printing press is in operation, and the owner or operator demonstrates compliance with this rule through the applicable coating analysis and capture system and control device efficiency test methods specified in this chapter; and

2. The control device is equipped with the applicable monitoring equipment specified in this chapter, and the monitoring equipment is installed, calibrated, operated, and maintained according to the vendor's specifications at all times the control device is in use.

(6) The VOC content of each coating and ink and the efficiency of each capture system and control device shall be determined by the applicable test methods and procedures specified in this chapter to establish the records required under Paragraph (7) of this rule.

(7) Recordkeeping and reporting requirements as follow apply:

(a) By April 22, 1994, any owner or operator of a printing press that is exempt from the requirements of this rule because of the criteria in Paragraph (1) of this rule shall comply with the following:

1. The owner or operator of a facility in Davidson, Knox, Rutherford, Shelby, Sumner, Williamson, or Wilson County shall certify to the Technical Secretary that the facility is exempt under the provisions of Paragraph (1) of this rule. Such certification shall include:

(i) The name and location of the facility;

(ii) The address and telephone number of the person responsible for the facility;

(iii) A declaration that the facility is exempt from this rule because of the criteria in Paragraph (1) of this rule; and

(iv) Calculations demonstrating that total potential VOC emissions of VOC from all flexographic and rotogravure printing presses at the facility are less than 90.7 Mg (100 tons) per calendar year.

2. The owner or operator shall collect and record all of the following information each year for each printing press and maintain the information for a period of 3 years:

(i) The name and identification number of each coating and ink, as applied each year;

(ii) The weight of VOC per volume of coating solids and the volume of solids of each coating and ink, as applied, each year; and

(iii) The total emissions as calculated for that year.

3. Any record showing that total emissions of VOC from all flexographic and rotogravure printing presses exceeded 90.7 Mg (100 tons) in any calendar year, before the application of capture systems and control devices, shall be reported by sending a copy of such record to the Technical Secretary within 30 calendar days after the exceedance occurs.

(b) Any owner or operator of a printing press subject to this rule and complying by means of use of complying coatings and/or inks, shall comply with the following:

1. By April 22, 1994,or upon initial startup of a new printing press, the owner or operator of a subject printing press shall certify to the Technical Secretary that the printing press is in compliance with Subparagraph (3)(a) or (3)(b) of this rule. Such certification shall include:

(i) The name and location of the facility;

(ii) The address and telephone number of the person responsible for the facility;

(iii) Identification of subject sources;

(iv) The name and identification number of each coating and ink, as applied; and

(v) The VOC content of all coatings and inks, as applied, expressed in units of the applicable standard.

2. By April 22, 1994, or on and after the initial startup date, the owner or operator of a printing press subject to the limitations of this rule and complying with Subparagraph (3)(a) or (3)(b) shall collect and record all of the following information for each printing press and maintain the information for a period of 3 years:

(i) The name and identification number of each coating and ink used or, in the alternative, each coating and ink kept available for use on the press if only complying coatings and inks are used, as applied; and

(ii) The VOC content of each coating and ink, as applied, expressed in units of the applicable standard.

3. Any record showing an exceedance of the VOC content standards of Subparagraph (3)(a) or (3)(b) of this rule shall be reported by the owner or operator of the subject printing press to the Technical Secretary within 30 calendar days following the exceedance; and

(c) Any owner or operator of a printing press subject to the limitations of this rule and complying by means of weighted averaging shall comply with the following:

1. By April 22, 1994, or upon initial startup of a new printing press, the owner or operator of the subject printing press shall certify to the Technical Secretary that the printing press is in compliance with Paragraph (4) of this rule. Such certification shall include:

(i) The name and location of the facility;

(ii) The address and telephone number of the person responsible for the facility;

(iii) The name and identification of each printing press which will comply by means of Paragraph (4) of this rule;

(iv) The name and identification number of each coating and/or ink kept in inventory for use on each printing press;

(v) The VOC content of each coating and/or ink, as applied, each day on each printing press, expressed in units necessary to determine compliance;

(vi) The instrument or method by which the owner or operator will accurately measure or calculate the volume of each coating and/or ink, as applied, each day on each printing press;

(vii) The method by which the owner or operator will create and maintain records each day as required in Part 2 of this subparagraph; and (viii) An example of the format in which the records required in Part 2 of this subparagraph will be kept.

2. On and after April 22, 1994, or on and after the initial startup date, the owner or operator of a printing press subject to the limitations of this rule and complying by means of weighted averaging shall collect and record all of the following information each day for each printing press and maintain the information for a period of 3 years:

(i) The name and identification number of each coating and/or ink, as applied;

(ii) The VOC content and the volume of each coating and/or ink, as applied, expressed in units necessary to determine compliance; and

(iii) The weighted average VOC content of all coatings and/or inks, as applied;

3. On and after April 22, 1994, the owner or operator of a subject printing press shall notify the Technical Secretary of any instance of noncompliance with Paragraph (4) by sending a copy of the calculation showing such noncompliance to the Technical Secretary within 30 calendar days following the occurrence.

(d) Any owner or operator of a printing press subject to this rule and complying by means of control devices shall comply with Paragraph .03(5) of this chapter.

Tenn. Comp. R. & Regs. 1200-03-18-.35

Original rule filed March 8, 1993; effective April 22, 1993.

Authority: T.C.A. §§ 4-5-202 and 68-201-105.