N.J. Admin. Code § 7:7A-2.4

Current through Register Vol. 56, No. 21, November 4, 2024

Section 7:7A-2.4 - Activities exempted from permit and/or waiver requirement

(a) The following are exempt from the requirement of a freshwater wetlands permit and/or waiver unless the USEPA's regulations providing for the delegation to the State of the Federal wetlands program conducted pursuant to the Federal Act require a permit for any of these activities, in which case the Department shall require a permit for those activities so identified by that agency. Any activity conducted under an exemption that does not meet all standards, conditions, or limitations of the exemption shall constitute a violation of this chapter, and shall be subject to enforcement action in accordance with N.J.A.C. 7:7A-22.

(b) The farming, ranching, and silviculture exemptions in (c) and (d) below are subject to the following limits:

1. The exemptions shall not apply to any discharge of dredged or fill material into freshwater wetlands or State open water incidental to any activity which involves bringing an area of freshwater wetlands or State open waters into a use to which it was not previously subject, where the flow or circulation patterns of the freshwater wetlands or waters may be impaired, or the extent or values and functions of freshwater wetlands or State open waters is reduced;

2. The exemptions apply only as long as the area is used for the exempted activity. Therefore, if the area stops being used for farming, ranching, or silviculture, the exemption no longer applies;

3. The exemptions apply only to the portion of the property which meets all requirements for the exemption. For example, if half of a 20-acre property has been actively farmed since June 30, 1988 and half has not, the half that has been actively farmed would be considered to be part of an established, ongoing farming operation and would therefore be eligible for the farming exemption. The remainder would not be eligible for the farming exemption;

4. Normal silviculture activities must be part of a forest management plan that conforms to best management practices (BMPs) and is reviewed and approved by the State Forester before the activities are undertaken. A woodland management plan prepared for tax purposes but that does not address wetlands is insufficient to qualify for the exemption; and

5. If an area with hydric soils has been drained for farming or other purposes through the use of drainage structures such as tiles or ditches, the Department shall, in the absence of compelling scientific information that wetland hydrology has been effectively removed by factors other than the drainage structures, presume that the area maintains wetlands hydrology for the purpose of identifying a freshwater wetland under N.J.A.C. 7:7A-3.1. To rebut this presumption of wetlands hydrology, all drainage structures shall be removed or completely disabled and the area shall be left undisturbed for at least one normal rainfall year, after which the presence or absence of wetlands hydrology shall be determined through use of technical criteria, field indicators, and other information, in accordance with the 1989 Federal Manual.

(c) Subject to the limitations of this section, the following activities, when part of an established, ongoing farming, ranching, or silviculture operation, on properties that have received or are eligible for a farmland assessment under the New Jersey Farmland Assessment Act, N.J.S.A. 54:4-23.1 et seq., are exempt from the requirement of a freshwater wetlands or open water fill permit, or transition area waiver:

1. Normal farming, silviculture, and ranching activities, such as plowing, seeding, cultivating, minor drainage, harvesting for the production of food and fiber, or soil and water conservation practices. For the purposes of this paragraph, "minor drainage" means:

i. The discharge of material incidental to connecting upland drainage facilities to adjacent wetlands, adequate to effect the removal of excess soil moisture from upland croplands;

ii. The discharge of material for the purpose of installing ditching or other such water control facilities incidental to planting, cultivating, protecting, or harvesting of rice, cranberries, or other wetland crop species, where the farming activities and the discharge occur in wetlands and waters that are in established use for such agricultural and silvicultural wetlands crop production. Any discharge of material into wetlands or waters, excavation of wetlands, or draining of wetlands or waters, that are not in established use for such agricultural and silvicultural wetlands crop production requires a permit. For example, the construction of ditches within the confines of an established cranberry bog is an exempt activity. However, the construction of new ditches in wetlands or waters located outside of the established cranberry bog requires a permit;

iii. The discharge of material for the purpose of manipulating the water levels of, or regulating the flow or distribution of water within, existing impoundments which have been constructed in accordance with applicable requirements of the Federal Act and which are in established use for the production of rice, cranberries, or other wetland crop species;

iv. The discharge of material incidental to the emergency removal of sandbars, gravel bars, or other similar blockages which are formed during flood flows or other events, where such blockages close or constrict previously existing drainageways and, if not properly removed, would result in damage to or loss of existing crops on land in established use for crop production. Such removal does not include enlarging or extending the dimensions of, or changing the bottom elevations of, the affected drainageway as it existed prior to the formation of the blockage. Removal must be accomplished within one year of formation of such blockages in order to be eligible for exemption under this paragraph; and

v. Minor drainage in wetlands is limited to drainage within areas that are part of an established farming or silvicultural operation. It includes maintenance of existing drainage tile or other drainage structures. It does not include drainage associated with the immediate or gradual conversion of a wetland to a non-wetland (for example, wetlands species to upland species not typically adapted to life in saturated soil conditions), or conversion from one wetland use to another (for example, silviculture to farming).

2. Activities associated with the normal maintenance of cranberry bogs and blueberry fields where the maintenance activities and the discharge occur in wetlands and waters that are in established use for cranberry or blueberry production, such as:

i. Periodic flooding;

ii. Sanding;

iii. Control or suppression of weeds or brush in and around the bog or field;

iv. Pest control or suppression; and

v. Maintenance, repair, or cleaning of dams, ditches, underdrains, floodgates, irrigation systems, or other drainage or water control facilities;

3. Activities for the renewal or rehabilitation of a cranberry bog, including but not limited to:

i. Removal of undesirable soil or vegetation;

ii. Grading and leveling;

iii. Installation, reconfiguration, repair, or replacement of water control or supply systems or facilities;

iv. The removal, relocation, or construction of internal dams; and

v. The planting of new vines in an appropriate soil layer;

4. Construction or maintenance of farm or stock ponds or irrigation ditches, or the maintenance of drainage ditches, provided that such facilities are for farming, ranching, or silvicultural purposes and do not constitute a change in use. Any dredged material from pond construction or maintenance must be placed outside the freshwater wetlands, unless it is needed for the structural or environmental integrity of the pond;

i. A pond constructed in an actively farmed area does not constitute a change in use. A field in which no crops or pasturing has occurred for five years or more is considered abandoned and is not considered an actively farmed area. Forest land is not considered an actively farmed area; however, an area that has been undergoing normal harvesting of forest products is considered an actively farmed area if it is part of a forest management plan in accordance with (d) below;

ii. To qualify for this exemption, a farm pond shall be:

(1) Part of a farm conservation plan developed in conjunction with the Natural Resources Conservation Service and approved by the Soil Conservation District, as appropriate;

(2) Located outside a watercourse;

(3) Created by excavation and not by creating an embankment within a watercourse;

(4) Not associated with development as that term is defined in the Municipal Land Use Law, 40:55D-4;

(5) Intended exclusively for agricultural purposes. The applicant shall submit a description of the purpose of the pond with any application for an exemption letter under N.J.A.C. 7:7A-2.6; and

(6) Sized appropriately for the intended use under (c)3ii(5) above.

5. Construction or maintenance of farm roads or forest roads constructed and maintained in accordance with best management practices (BMPs) to assure that flow and circulation patterns and chemical and biological characteristics of freshwater wetlands and State open waters are not impaired and that any adverse effect on the aquatic environment will be minimized; where the proposed discharge will result in significant discernible alterations to flow or circulation, the presumption is that flow or circulation may be impaired by such alteration. Roads constructed for forestry and silviculture purposes shall be constructed using temporary mats whenever practicable. Once the land use changes from forestry or farming to another use, that is, once the property no longer qualifies for a farmland assessment, all roads employing the placement of fill shall be removed within 30 days;

i. Construction of a farm road shall be undertaken only in accordance with the following:

(1) The road shall be part of a farm conservation plan developed in conjunction with the Natural Resources Conservation Service and approved by the Soil Conservation District, as appropriate;

(2) The location of the road shall be selected to minimize disturbance to wetlands, transition areas and watercourses. If there is an alternative location for a farm road that will have less impact to wetlands, transition areas, and watercourses, the alternative location shall be used;

(3) The road shall be necessary to support or provide access for a farming activity. A road that supports or provides access to proposed development is not a farm road and requires a permit in accordance with this chapter;

(4) The farm road shall not exceed 14 feet in width unless it must be wider to accommodate a large piece of equipment such as a combine. In the latter case, the road shall be no wider than 20 feet;

(5) The farm road shall be built at grade. If not built at grade, the applicant shall demonstrate to the Department why fill material is necessary for the farming operation with any application for an exemption letter under N.J.A.C. 7:7A-2.6; and

(6) In accordance with (c)4i(5) above, if fill material is necessary, it shall be no more than six inches deep and shall be limited to 0.25 acres of wetland disturbance. In addition, pipes shall be installed to maintain wetland hydrology;

ii. "Maintenance of a farm road" means:

(1) The existing road remains the same width before and after maintenance activities;

(2) The placement of all fill is entirely within the existing footprint of the existing road; and

(3) A culvert shall be used only to replace an existing culvert. If it is necessary to install a culvert for the first time, the Department will consider the project to be construction of a new road subject to the limitations in (c)4i above; and

6. Installation of temporary farm structures with only a dirt or fabric floor, such as hoophouses, polyhouses, run-in sheds, and pole barns and any grading or land contouring associated therewith, and fencing without foundations on lands that were actively cultivated on or before July 1, 1988, have been in active agricultural use since then, were in active agricultural use at the time that the temporary farm structures were or are to be erected, and are identified as "ModAg" farmed wetlands on the Wetlands Maps promulgated by the Department in 1988.

(d) Normal silviculture activities, in accordance with a forest management plan approved by the State Forester before the conduct of the forest management activities, are exempt from the requirement of a freshwater wetlands permit, transition area waiver, or open water fill permit, subject to the limitations of this section. A woodland management plan prepared for tax purposes but that does not address wetlands is insufficient to qualify for the exemption. However, the removal of stumps results in a discharge of dredged or fill material, and a change in use and an impairment of flow or circulation. Therefore, under (b)1 above, the removal of stumps is not exempt and shall require a permit under this chapter.

(e) Until March 2, 1994, when the Department assumed responsibility for the Federal 404 program, the Department issued certain exemptions based on prior local approvals. However, as of March 2, 1994, these exemptions are void as they apply to freshwater wetlands permit and open water fill requirements. The exemptions continue to apply to transition area requirements, and are described at (f) below.

(f) Subject to the limitations of this section including (g) below, the following projects, are exempt from transition area requirements, but are subject to freshwater wetlands and State open water requirements:

1. A project for which a preliminary site plan or subdivision application received formal preliminary approvals from local authorities pursuant to the Municipal Land Use Law, 40:55D-1 et seq., prior to July 1, 1989, provided those approvals remain valid under the Municipal Land Use Law. This excludes approvals which were given prior to the August 1, 1976 effective date of the Municipal Land Use Law; and

2. A project for which a preliminary site plan or subdivision application as defined in 40:55D-1 et seq., was submitted to the local authorities prior to June 8, 1987 and was subsequently approved. To qualify for an exemption under this paragraph, an application for preliminary approval must have been in proper form, must have been accompanied by all plans, data and information called for by the local land use ordinance and by statute, and thus must have been in fact complete prior to June 8, 1987.

(g) The following limits apply to the transition area exemptions at (f) above:

1. To be eligible for a transition area exemption under (f) above, a project must have preliminary site plan or subdivision approval. The exemptions do not apply to an application for, or grant of, any other approval under the Municipal Land Use Law, such as a sketch plat approval, general development plan, classification determination, building permit, variance, or conditional use approval;

2. A project listed in (f) above shall no longer be exempt from transition area requirements if significant changes are made to the approved site or subdivision plan. A significant change will be deemed to have been made if either of the following criteria is met:

i. The change would void the preliminary approval; or

ii. The change would require submittal to or approval of a new or amended application from the local authorities and either of the following criteria is met:

(1) The change would result in a change in land use on the project site, for example, from single family houses to multi-family units or a golf course; or

(2) The change would increase impacts to freshwater wetlands, State open waters, or transition areas;

3. A project listed in (f) above shall no longer be exempt if the municipal approval upon which the exemption was based becomes invalid for any reason; and

4. For all development determined to be exempt by the Department, once the development is constructed, the exempted "project" has been built. If, for example, the owner of a commercial building decides afterward that it is necessary to construct an addition, and goes back to the municipal authority for a new or amended site plan or subdivision approval, the exemption has been "used up" and the addition is subject to the permitting requirements of this chapter. Similarly, for residential approvals, once the houses and any accessory structures planned along with the house (for example, detached garages, barns, storage sheds, pools) are constructed, or the certificate of occupancy is issued, the exemption has been exhausted and any later additions or structural improvements are subject to the permitting requirements of this chapter. If there is an interruption of more than one year before construction of an accessory structure claimed to have been planned along with the house, there is a rebuttable presumption that the structure constitutes a later addition and will require a permit.

(h) If any discharge of dredged or fill material resulting from the activities exempted by this section contains any toxic pollutant listed under section 307 of the Federal Act, such discharge shall be subject to any applicable toxic effluent standard or prohibition, and shall require a freshwater wetlands or open water fill permit.

(i) A project covered by an individual permit issued by the USACE prior to July 1, 1988, shall be governed only by the Federal Act, and shall not be subject to additional or inconsistent substantive requirements of this chapter. However, when the USACE permit expires, any application for an extension shall be made to the Department under N.J.A.C. 7:7A-20.4. The Department shall not require a transition area as a condition of any extension of an USACE permit issued prior to July 1, 1988.

N.J. Admin. Code § 7:7A-2.4

Amended and recodified from 7:7A-2.8 by 49 N.J.R. 3849(a), effective 12/18/2017