N.H. Admin. Code § Env-Dw 811.22
Table 811-1: Contaminant Origin
Contaminant | Common Source in Drinking Water |
Microbiological Contaminants | |
Total Coliform Bacteria | Naturally present in the environment |
E. coli | Human and animal fecal waste |
Total Organic Carbon | Naturally present in the environment |
Turbidity | Soil runoff |
Radioactive Contaminants | |
Beta/photon emitters | Decay of natural and man-made deposits |
Alpha emitters | Erosion of natural deposits |
Combined radium | Erosion of natural deposits |
Uranium | Erosion of natural deposits |
Inorganic Contaminants | |
Antimony | Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder |
Arsenic | Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards; runoff from glass and electronics production wastes |
Asbestos | Decay of asbestos cement water mains; erosion of natural deposits |
Barium | Discharge of drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits |
Beryllium | Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries |
Bromate | By-product of drinking water disinfection |
Cadmium | Corrosion of galvanized pipes; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from metal refineries; runoff from waste batteries and paints |
Chloramines | Water additive used to control microbes |
Chlorine | Water additive used to control microbes |
Chlorine dioxide | Water additive used to control microbes |
Chlorite | By-product of drinking water disinfection |
Chromium | Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits |
Copper | Corrosion of household plumbing systems; Erosion of natural deposits; leaching from wood preservatives |
Cyanide | Discharge from steel/metal factories; discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories |
Fluoride | Erosion of natural deposits; water additive which promotes strong teeth; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories |
Lead | Corrosion of household plumbing systems, erosion of natural deposits |
Mercury (inorganic) | Erosion of natural deposits; discharge from refineries and factories; runoff from landfills; runoff from cropland |
Nitrate (as Nitrogen) | Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits |
Nitrite (as Nitrogen) | Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits |
Selenium | Discharge from petroleum and metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines |
Thallium | Leaching from ore-processing sites; discharge from electronics, glass, and drug factories |
Synthetic Organic Contaminants; including Pesticides and Herbicides | |
2,4-D | Runoff from herbicide used on row crops |
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) | Residue of banned herbicide |
Acrylamide | Added to water during sewage/wastewater treatment |
Alachlor | Runoff from herbicide used on row crops |
Atrazine | Runoff from herbicide used on row crops |
Benzo(a)pyrene (PAH) | Leaching from linings of water storage tanks and distribution lines |
Carbofuran | Leaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa |
Chlordane | Residue of banned termiticide |
Dalapon | Runoff from herbicide used on rights of way |
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate | Discharge from chemical factories |
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | Discharge from rubber and chemical factories |
Dibromochloropropane | Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on soybeans, cotton, pineapples, and orchards |
Dinoseb | Runoff from herbicide used on soybeans and vegetables |
Diquat | Runoff from herbicide use |
Dioxin [2,3,7,8-TCDD] | Emissions from waste incineration and other combustion; Discharge from chemical factories |
Endothall | Runoff from herbicide use |
Endrin | Residue of banned insecticide |
Epichlorohydrin | Discharge from industrial chemical factories; an impurity of some water treatment chemicals |
Ethylene dibromide | Discharge from petroleum refineries |
Glyphosate | Runoff from herbicide use |
Heptachlor | Residue of banned pesticide |
Heptachlor epoxide | Breakdown of heptachlor |
Hexachlorobenzene | Discharge from metal refineries and agricultural chemical factories |
Hexachlorocyclopenta-diene | Discharge from chemical factories |
Lindane | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle, lumber, gardens |
Methoxychlor | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock |
Oxamyl [Vydate] | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples, potatoes and tomatoes |
PCBs [Polychlorinated biphenyls] | Runoff from landfills; discharge of waste chemicals |
Pentachlorophenol | Discharge from wood preserving factories |
Picloram | Herbicide runoff |
Simazine | Herbicide runoff |
Toxaphene | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and cattle |
Volatile Organic Contaminants | |
Benzene | Discharge from factories; leaching from gas storage tanks and landfills |
Carbon tetrachloride | Discharge from chemical plants and other industrial activities |
Chlorobenzene | Discharge from chemical and agricultural chemical factories |
o-Dichlorobenzene | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
p-Dichlorobenzene | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
1,2-Dichloroethane | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
1,1-Dichloroethylene | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
Dichloromethane | Discharge from pharmaceutical and chemical factories |
1,2-Dichloropropane | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
Ethylbenzene | Discharge from petroleum refineries |
Haloacetic Acids (HAA) | By-product of drinking water disinfection |
MtBE | Residual from gasoline spill or leakage |
Styrene | Discharge from rubber and plastic factories; leaching from landfills |
Tetrachloroethylene | Discharge from factories and dry cleaners |
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene | Discharge from textile-finishing factories |
1,1,1-Trichloroethane | Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
Trichloroethylene | Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories |
TTHM (Total trihalomethanes) | By-product of drinking water disinfection |
Toluene | Discharge from petroleum factories |
Vinyl Chloride | Leaching from PVC piping; discharge from plastics factories |
Xylenes, Total | Discharge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factories |
Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) Contaminants | |
Perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) | Discharge from industrial processes, wastewater treatment, residuals from firefighting foam, runoff/leachate from landfills and septic systems |
Perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) | Discharge from industrial processes, wastewater treatment, residuals from firefighting foam, runoff/leachate from landfills and septic systems |
Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) | Discharge from industrial processes, wastewater treatment, residuals from firefighting foam, runoff/leachate from landfills and septic systems |
Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) | Discharge from industrial processes, wastewater treatment, residuals from firefighting foam, runoff/leachate from landfills and septic systems |
N.H. Admin. Code § Env-Dw 811.22
(See Revision Note at chapter heading for Env-Dw 800) #9730, eff 6-30-10