179 Neb. Admin. Code, ch. 25, § 022

Current through September 17, 2024

Section 179-25-022 - INACTIVATION TOOLBOX COMPONENTS

022.01 Calculation of CT Values

25-022.01A CT is the product of the disinfectant contact time (T, in minutes) and disinfectant concentration (C, in milligrams per liter). Systems with treatment credit for chlorine dioxide or ozone under 179 NAC 25-022.02 or 25-022.03 must calculate CT at least once each day, with both C and T measured during peak hourly flow as specified in 179 NAC 13-007.01 through 13-007.02.

25-022.01B Systems with several disinfection segments in sequence may calculate CT for each segment, where a disinfection segment is defined as a treatment unit process with a measurable disinfectant residual level and a liquid volume. Under this approach, systems must add the Cryptosporidium CT values in each segment to determine the total CT for the treatment plant.

022.02 CT Values for Chlorine Dioxide and Ozone

25-022.02A Systems receive the Cryptosporidium treatment credit listed in this table by meeting the corresponding chlorine dioxide CT value for the applicable water temperature, as described in 179 NAC 25-022.01.

CT Values (Mg-Min/L) for Cryptosporidium Inactivation by Chlorine Dioxide¹

Log credit	Water Temperature, ºC
Log credit	<= 0.5	1	2	3	5	7	10	15	20	25	30
1. 0.25	159	153	140	128	107	90	69	45	29	19	12
2. 0.5	319	305	279	256	214	180	138	89	58	38	24
3. 1.0	637	610	558	511	429	360	277	179	116	75	49
4. 1.5	956	915	838	767	643	539	415	268	174	113	73
5. 2.0	1275	1220	1117	1023	858	719	553	357	232	150	98
6. 2.5	1594	1525	1396	1278	1072	899	691	447	289	188	122
7. 3.0	1912	1830	1675	1534	1286	1079	830	536	347	226	147

¹ Systems may use this equation to determine log credit between the indicated values: Log credit = [ 0.001506 x ( 1.09116)^Temp] x CT

25-022.02B Systems receive the Cryptosporidium treatment credit listed in this table by meeting the corresponding ozone CT values for the applicable water temperature, as described in 179 NAC 25-022.01.

CT Values (Mg-Min/L) for Cryptosporidium Inactivation by Ozone¹

Log credit	Water Temperature ºC
Log credit	<= 0.5	1	2	3	5	7	10	15	20	25	30
1. 0.25	6.0	5.8	5.2	4.8	4.0	3.3	2.5	1.6	1.0	0.6	0.39
2. 0.5	12	12	10	9.5	7.9	6.5	4.9	3.1	2.0	1.2	0.78
3. 1.0	24	23	21	19	16	13	9.9	6.2	3.9	2.5	1.6
4. 1.5	36	35	31	29	24	20	15	9.3	5.9	3.7	2.4
5. 2.0	48	46	42	38	32	26	20	12	7.8	4.9	3.1
6. 2.5	60	58	52	48	40	33	25	16	9.8	6.2	3.9
7. 3.0	72	69	63	57	47	39	30	19	12	7.4	4.7

¹ Systems may use this equation to determine log credit between the indicated values: Log credit = [ 0.0397 x ( 1.09757)^Temp] X CT

022.03 Site-Specific Study

The Department may approve alternative chlorine dioxide or ozone CT values to those listed in 179 NAC 25-022.02 on a site-specific basis. The Department will base this approval on a site-specific study a system conducts that follows a Department-approved protocol.

25-022.04 Ultraviolet Light: Systems receive Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, and virus treatment credits for ultraviolet (UV) light reactors by achieving the corresponding UV dose values shown in 179 NAC 25-022.04A. Systems must validate and monitor UV reactors as described in 179 NAC 25-022.04B and 25-022.04C to demonstrate that they are achieving a particular UV dose value for treatment credit.

25-022.04A UV Dose Table: The treatment credits listed in this table are for UV light at a wavelength of 254 nm as produced by a low pressure mercury vapor lamp. To receive treatment credit for other lamp types, systems must demonstrate an equivalent germicidal dose through reactor validation testing, as described in 179 NAC 25-022.04B. The UV dose values in this table are applicable only to post-filter applications of UV in filtered systems and to unfiltered systems.

UV Dose Table for Cryptosporidium, Giardia lamblia, and Virus Inactivation Credit

Log Credit	Cryptosporidium UV dose (mJ/cm²⁾	Giardia lamblia UV dose (mJ/cm²)	Virus UV dose (mJ/cm²)
1. 0.5	1.6	1.5	39
2. 1.0	2.5	2.1	58
3. 1.5	3.9	3.0	79
4. 2.0	5.8	5.2	100
5. 2.5	8.5	7.7	121
6. 3.0	12	11	143
7. 3.5	15	15	163
8. 4.0	22	22	186

25-022.04B Reactor Validation Testing: Systems must use UV reactors that have undergone validation testing to determine the operating conditions under which the reactor delivers the UV dose required in 179 NAC 25-022.04A (i.e., validated operating conditions). These operating conditions must include flow rate, UV intensity as measured by a UV sensor, and UV lamp status.

25-022.04B1 When determining validated operating conditions, systems must account for the following factors: UV absorbance of the water; lamp fouling and aging; measurement uncertainty of on-line sensors; UV dose distributions arising from the velocity profiles through the reactor; failure of UV lamps or other critical system components; and inlet and outlet piping or channel configurations of the UV reactor.

25-022.04B2 Validation testing must include the following: Full scale testing of a reactor that conforms uniformly to the UV reactors used by the system and inactivation of a test microorganism whose dose response characteristics have been quantified with a low pressure mercury vapor lamp.

25-022.04B3 The Department may approve an alternative approach to validation testing.

25-022.04C Reactor Monitoring:

25-022.04C1 Systems must monitor their UV reactors to determine if the reactors are operating within validated conditions, as determined under 179 NAC 25-022.04B. This monitoring must include UV intensity as measured by a UV sensor, flow rate, lamp status, and other parameters the Department designates based on UV reactor operation. Systems must verify the calibration of UV sensors and must recalibrate sensors in accordance with a protocol the Department approves.

25-022.04C2 To receive treatment credit for UV light, systems must treat at least 95% of the water delivered to the public during each month by UV reactors operating within validated conditions for the required UV dose, as described in 179 NAC 25-022.04A and 022-04B. Systems must demonstrate compliance with this condition by the monitoring required under 179 NAC 25-022.04C1.

179 Neb. Admin. Code, ch. 25, § 022