Section 096-405-6 - Solid Waste Characterization ProgramA. Applicability. All special wastes proposed for storage, processing, beneficial use, agronomic utilization, or disposal in Maine must be characterized in accordance with a Department-approved plan. Any other solid waste may also be required to be characterized in accordance with a Department-approved plan. Facilities licensed solely for the transfer, storage, and/or disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW), wood waste and/or construction or demolition debris (CDD) are exempt from the characterization requirements of this section. Solid waste facilities licensed to accept solid wastes characterized by the generator are not required to further characterize the waste at the facility, provided the solid wastes are clearly manifested from the point of generation to the accepting facility.
B.General Program Requirements. The owner or operator of a new solid waste facility or activity required to characterize waste under these rules, or by a license or an enforcement agreement, must develop a solid waste characterization program and submit it to the Department for review and receive approval prior to handling of the wastes. This program must be designed to determine the chemical and physical characteristics of the wastes and to monitor these characteristics on an on-going basis. The owner or operator of an existing solid waste facility or activity which has previously characterized its wastes is required to meet only the ongoing characterization requirements of this section, unless an alternative program is approved by the Department or the owner or operator proposes to handle a new waste stream which requires initial and on-going characterization under this section. The program must include detailed information addressing the following: (1)General requirements. The applicant must comply with the following requirements in developing and implementing a solid waste characterization program: (a) For the initial characterization of a waste from a specific source, the owner or operator shall prepare and submit to the Department a detailed description of all known or potential physical and chemical characteristics of the solid waste to be accepted for handling. This must include information regarding the materials and specific process from which the waste is generated, and Material Safety Data Sheets for those chemicals that may be a major component of the waste. Information may be obtained from the facility generating the waste, analytical results from a similar facility, and/or from the chemical literature;(b) The applicant shall also include a complete list of references for all sources of information used in this assessment;(c) All wastes proposed to be handled under the provisions of these rules must be fully characterized unless exempted from characterization. Any statistical analysis performed must be done in accordance with the requirements of US EPA SW-846, Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste, Third Edition, Volume II, Chapter 9, 2013 ("US EPA SW-846"). Waste must not be accepted at a solid waste facility or for a solid waste activity if the TCLP - Regulatory Limits or allowable limits for additional contaminants as determined in the facility or activity license have been equaled or exceeded. This determination must be made either through TCLP testing or through calculation utilizing the methodology described in Appendix D of this chapter; and(d) A reduction in characterization requirements may be requested based on the generator's certification of waste history, process knowledge, and waste volume. The Department may also require additional parameters based upon the raw material, the proposed activity, or the facility.(2)Waste Characterization Sampling and Analytical Work Plan. A waste characterization sampling and analytical work plan must be developed for initial and ongoing characterization of solid wastes, including residuals, handled under a solid waste license. The plan must include, at a minimum, a detailed description of the contaminants of concern in the waste or residual, the sampling and analytical methods used to obtain samples and quantify contaminants, and the guidance or other references used to develop the plan. The plan must be prepared in accordance with the specific analytical requirements of section 6(C) or 6(D). The sampling plan must include:
(i) Identification of parameters to be analyzed and selection rationale;(ii) Sample collection methods including a description of sampling equipment and how representative samples will be obtained;(iii) Sample point description;(iv) Sample size, sample type (e.g., grab, composite), and sample frequency;(v) Procedures for decontamination of sampling equipment prior to sampling and between the collection of successive samples;(vi) Sample container, storage and preservation procedures;(vii) Sample holding times;(viii) Sample handling, packaging, and transportation protocols;(ix) Sample documentation (labeling, chain-of-custody, log book);(xi) Estimated practical quantitative limits for each parameter to be quantified;(xii) Sampling and analysis quality assurance/quality control procedures; and(xiii)Data reduction, validation and reporting methods including methods of statistical interpretation of analytical results. In order to assure adequate waste characterization, the plan must be developed in accordance with Department-approved State or Federal guidance documents.
NOTE: The applicable guidance documents include:
(1)Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Wastes Physical and Chemical Methods; US EPA, SW-846, 3rd Edition, 2013;(2)Waste Analysis Plans, A Guidance Document; US EPA, EPA/530-SW-84-012, October 1984;(3)Procedures for Handling and Chemical Analysis of Sediment and Water Samples; US EPA/Corps of Engineers, May 1981;(4)Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater; APHA/AWNA/WPCF, 19th Edition, 1998;(5)Annual Book of ASTM Standards, sections 5 and 11; ASTM, 1988;(6)Methods for Chemical Analysis of Water and Wastes; US EPA, EPA 600/4-79-020, March 1983;(7)Soil Sampling Quality Assurance User's Guide; US EPA 600/4-84-043, May 1984;(8)Methods for Evaluating the Attainment of Clean-up Standards, Volume 1, Soils and Solid Media; US EPA 230/02-89-042, February, 1989;(9)Methods for Evaluating the Attainment of Clean-up Standards, Volume 2, Ground Water; US EPA 230-R-92-014, July, 1992;(10) ASTM Designation: D 4994-89, "Standard Practice for Recovery of Viruses from Wastewater Sludges", 1992 Annual Book of ASTM Standards: section 11;(11) Yanko, W.A., "Occurrence of Pathogens in Distribution and Marketing Municipal Sludges", US EPA 600/1-87-014, 1987;(12) An equivalent State or Federal guidance document as approved by the Department.C.Specific Analytical Requirements for the Disposal or Beneficial Use of Solid Waste. Solid wastes proposed to be disposed at a solid waste disposal facility or processed or stored prior to disposal must be characterized in conformance with the requirements of this section unless otherwise approved by the Department based on specific characteristics. Residuals approved by the Department for agronomic utilization may be disposed in a landfill approved to accept the waste, without further analysis. (1)Exemptions. The following quantities of the specific wastes listed are exempt from the analytical requirements of this subsection provided disposal occurs in a landfill licensed by the Department. Records of disposal must be kept by the landfill operator and reported in the facility's annual report. (a)Non-recoverable oily waste (i) A total of 100 cubic yards per year in a secure landfill; and(ii) A total of 10 cubic yards per year in a non-secure landfill(b) Oil, coal, wood (including ash from burn piles at licensed or exempt solid waste facilities) and multifuel boiler ash: (i) A total of 100 cubic yards per year in a secure landfill(ii) A total of 10 cubic yards per year in a non-secure landfill(2)Miscellaneous Wastes. All wastes other than non-recoverable oily wastes, ashes, pulp and paper mill sludges and Publically owned Treatment Works (POTW) sludges must be analyzed for the following: (a) Complete Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) (per US EPA Method 1311, Federal Register/Volume 55, No. 126, 1992); (b) Totals for Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Molybdenum, Nickel, Selenium, Silver, and Zinc (per Methods in US EPA SW-846); (c) Chloride, percent carbon, percent moisture, pH, phosphorus;(d) Reactivity Characteristics;(e) Ignitability Characteristics; and(f) Additional parameters as identified by the applicant or the Department. These additional parameters must be based upon the raw material, the proposed activity, or the facility.(3)Non-Recoverable Oily Waste. The requirements of this section will apply to the handling of non-recoverable oily waste. For the purposes of this section, non-recoverable oily waste will mean oil or gasoline spill debris, waste oil contaminated soil, and oil or gasoline soaked soil from the cleanup of leaking underground storage tanks (USTs). (a)Gasoline contaminated soils and debris. All gasoline contaminated soils and debris, generated from remedial activities of underground storage tanks (USTs) (defined and regulated under 40 CFR 261 [ii] and 280[iii] as amended up to July 1, 2014) must be analyzed by the TCLP for lead only. Contaminated soils and debris from surface storage facilities and surface spills must be analyzed by the TCLP for lead and benzene only. Analysis must be conducted at a frequency of one sample per source or per five hundred (500) tons, whichever is more frequent. If knowledge of the product and site history indicate that leaded gasoline was not stored at the site, TCLP-lead analysis will not be required.(b)Waste oil contaminated soils and debris(i) Soil contaminated with waste oil from remedial activities of USTs must be analyzed as follows: TCLP for metals and herbicides/pesticides;
Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs);
Corrosivity (as pH);
Reactivity; and
Total Organic Halogens (TOX).
(ii) Contaminated soils and debris from surface storage facilities and surface spills must also be analyzed by the TCLP for volatiles and semi-volatiles. (iii) Analysis must be conducted at a frequency of one sample per source or per two hundred fifty (250) tons, whichever is more frequent.(iv) A facility may be licensed to accept these wastes if the results of this testing are: PCBs<50 mg/kg (dry weight basis);
TCLP<Regulatory limit;
TOX<1000 ppm;
Sulfide reactivity<500 mg/kg; and
Cyanide reactivity<250 mg/kg
(v) If the sum of the TOX compounds detected is in excess of 1000 mg/kg, the waste may be accepted at a licensed facility if the following compounds are not detected at levels above 100 mg/kg, as determined by Method 8240 in SW-846, third edition. Tetrachloroethylene;
Trichlorofluoromethane;
Trichloroethylene;
Methylene Chloride;
1,1,2 - Trichloroethane;
Ortho-Dichlorobenzene;
Carbon Tetrachloride;
Chlorinated Fluorocarbons;
1,1,2 - Trichloroethane; or
1,2,2 - Trifluoroethane
(c)Virgin petroleum-contaminated soils and debris (other than gasoline). All soils and debris contaminated with virgin petroleum product other than gasoline generated from remedial activities of USTs, surface storage facilities and surface spills must be analyzed by the TCLP for metals only. Analysis must be conducted at a frequency of one sample per source or per five hundred (500) tons, whichever is more frequent. With receipt of certification by the Department that the site involved clean up of a virgin petroleum product other than gasoline, no analytical testing is required. (d) Other non-hazardous oil-contaminated soils may be approved for disposal on a case-by-case basis. A request for approval must be submitted, reviewed and approved by the Department prior to disposal. (4)Oil, Coal, Wood, Multifuel Boiler and Incinerator Ash Storage and Disposal. An ash must not be accepted if the total concentration value for vanadium equals or exceeds 15,000 mg/kg unless a Department-approved operating plan to minimize fugitive emissions has been developed and implemented. (a)Start-up ash. Start-up ash from new solid waste incinerators, biomedical waste incinerators, and fossil fuel and multi-fuel boilers must be characterized in accordance with a Department-approved plan. If the source facility is not required by a Department license to characterize its start-up ash, the accepting solid waste facility shall submit to the Department for review and approval a sampling and analytical work plan in conformance with the requirements of section 6(B)(2), above, for characterization of any start-up ash from the source facility. Once start-up characterization is complete, the appropriate analytical program as outlined below must be followed unless modified by the Department.(b)Biomass and fossil fuel boiler ash(i) Prior to initial acceptance at a solid waste facility, a sufficient number of samples to meet the requirements for statistical analysis as required by US EPA SW-846 must be analyzed as follows: a. TCLP Metals (Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Mercury, Selenium, Silver) per US EPA Method 1311, Federal Register/Volume 55, No. 126, 1992;b. For beneficial use only, total Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Molybdenum, Nickel, Selenium, Silver, Vanadium, and Zinc per methods in US EPA SW-846; c. For fossil fuel boiler ash only, Total Vanadium; andd. Chloride, percent carbon, percent moisture, pH, phosphorus.(ii) After initial characterization is complete, each biomass and fossil fuel source must be analyzed for the parameters listed above at a frequency of one representative sample quarterly, or one annually for those sources that generate less than two hundred (200) tons per year.(c)Wood boiler ash(i) Prior to initial acceptance at a solid waste facility, a sufficient number of samples to meet the requirements for statistical analysis as required by US EPA SW-846 as follows: a. TCLP Metals (Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Mercury, Selenium, Silver) per US EPA Method 1311, Federal Register/Volume 55, No. 126, 1992;b. For beneficial use only, total Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Nickel, Zinc per methods in US EPA SW-846; andc. Chloride, percent carbon, percent moisture, pH, phosphorus.(ii) After initial characterization is complete, each wood boiler ash source must be analyzed for the parameters listed above at a frequency of one representative sample quarterly, or one annually for those sources that generate less than two hundred (200) tons per year.(d)Ash from the open burning of wood waste, and unpainted or painted wood from construction or demolition debris. Prior to initial acceptance at a solid waste landfill facility, ash from the open burning of wood waste from each source must be analyzed by the TCLP for metals (per US EPA Method 1311, Federal Register/Volume 55, No. 126, 1992) at the following frequencies: (i) Once per year for those sources that generate less than ten (10) tons annually;(ii) Semi-annually for those sources which generate ten to twenty-five (10-25) tons annually; and (iii) Quarterly for those sources that generate greater than twenty-five (25) tons annually. NOTE: Analyses of burn pile ash indicate that the burning of painted wood renders the ash unsuitable for agronomic utilization and may result in ash that is a hazardous waste. Facility owners should limit the amount of painted wood in burn piles to avoid the costs of disposal of a hazardous waste.
(e)Municipal solid waste incinerator ash(i) Prior to initial acceptance at each solid waste disposal facility, a sufficient number of samples to meet the requirements for statistical analysis as required by US EPA SW-846 must be analyzed as follows: a. TCLP Metals (Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Mercury, Selenium, Silver) per US EPA Method 1311, Federal Register/Volume 55, No. 126, 1992;b. Dioxins and furans per methods in US EPA SW-846; andc. Chloride, percent carbon, percent moisture, pH, phosphorus;(ii) After initial characterization is complete, for the next two calendar years each municipal solid waste incinerator ash source must be analyzed for the parameters listed above at a frequency of one representative sample per two hundred (200) tons of ash for the first one thousand (1000) tons, and then one representative sample per one thousand (1000) tons of ash, or one representative sample quarterly, whichever is more frequent. (iii) If after two years of sampling at the above frequency it can be determined that the characteristics of the incinerator ash are consistent, each municipal solid waste incinerator ash source must be analyzed for the parameters listed above at a frequency of one representative sample per ten thousand (10,000) tons, or one representative sample quarterly, whichever is more frequent, except that dioxins and furans must be analyzed semiannually.(f)Biomedical incinerator ash(i) Prior to initial acceptance at each solid waste disposal facility, a sufficient number of samples to meet the requirements for statistical analysis as required by US EPA SW-846 must be analyzed as follows: a. TCLP Metals (Arsenic, Barium, Cadmium, Chromium, Lead, Mercury, Selenium, Silver) per US EPA Method 1311, Federal Register/Volume 55, No. 126, 1992;b. For beneficial use only, total Aluminum, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Molybdenum, Nickel, Selenium, Silver, and Zinc per methods in US EPA SW-846; andc. Chloride, percent carbon, percent moisture, pH, phosphorus.(ii) After initial characterization is complete, each biomedical incinerator ash source must be analyzed for the parameters listed above at a frequency of one representative sample per one hundred (100) tons of ash, or one representative sample annually, whichever is more frequent.(5)Pulp and paper mill sludges and POTW sludges(a) Prior to initial acceptance at a solid waste facility, a sufficient number of samples to meet the requirements for statistical analysis as required by US EPA SW-846 must be analyzed as follows:(i) Complete TCLP (per US EPA Method 1311, Federal Register/Volume 55, No. 126, 1992); (ii) For beneficial use only, total Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Molybdenum, Nickel, Selenium, Zinc per Methods in US EPA SW-846; and(iii) Sulfide Reactivity; and(b) After initial characterization is complete, each sludge source must be analyzed annually as listed above, except that operators of generator-owned landfills are not required to perform annual analysis provided the processes that create the waste streams or the composition of the waste streams accepted for disposal have not changed. (6)Construction and Demolition Debris Wood Fuel(a) Samples for physical and chemical characterization shall be obtained by randomly taking a minimum of 20 or more sub-samples sufficient to make up a composite sample of 15 gallons. Mix the composite sample to a homogeneous state using the quartering method as follows: (i) Mix the 15 gallon sample with shovels on a smooth, clean surface with an area large enough to handle the initial sample size (about 8'X8'), indoors at room temperature;(ii) Shape the sample into a conical pile and quarter;(iii) Collect the opposing quarters (about 7.5 gallons) , pulverize, blend and submit for chemical analysis for total lead and arsenic;(iv) Combine the two remaining quarters and repeat the mixing and quartering;(v) Collect the two opposing quarters (about 4 gallons) and air dry the sample for a minimum of 24 hours. Submit for physical analysis;(vi) Retain the remaining quarters for additional analysis, if needed.(b) Physical analysis shall be performed as follows:(i) The moisture content of the sample should be approximately at equilibrium with the testing environment to prevent weight changes due to drying during analysis. Spread the sample in the testing environment on a flat surface to approximately 3 inches in thickness. Let sample sit for a minimum of 24 hours to equilibrate;(ii) After weighing and recording the weight of the sample, run the entire sample through a 3 inch sieve. Collect materials that are over 3 inches in size and determine the percent by weight of the sample. Run the materials that are less than 3 inches in size through a #4 sieve , which has a square opening size of 0.187 inches. Collect the fine materials that pass through the #4 sieve and determine the percent by weight of the sample. Save the fine materials that did not pass through the #4 sieve for the physical separation step. Report gradation results as a percent by weight of the total sample for the following components: (iii) Take the material that did not pass the #4 sieve and separate manually into the following components: a. Plastics (including carpet, PVC and plastic coated wire);b. Treated wood, including painted treated wood;d. Non-combustible materials ( exclusive of rocks, brick and concrete); ande. Combustible materials; Weigh each component and determine the percent by weight of the total sample for each;
(iv) Determine the non-combustible (ash) weight of the fine materials by burning off the organic component of the fines in a high temperature furnace and weighing the resultant ash. Combine the weight of the ash with the weight of the non- combustible materials collected through visual examination and divide by the total sample weight. (v) Complete a report narrative, clearly identifying the sample that was analyzed, describing the analytical procedures used and provide the following data results as the percent of total sample by weight: c. Plastics (including carpet, PVC and plastic coated wire)f. Non-combustible materials (exclusive of rocks, brick and concrete)g. Non-combustible content (ash fines and non-combustible materials)h. Combustible materials. D.Specific Analytical Requirements for Agronomic Utilization Facilities. Solid wastes proposed for agronomic utilization must be characterized in conformance with the requirements of this section unless otherwise approved by the Department, based on specific characteristics. The frequency of sampling must be adequate to represent the residual or site conditions. Frequencies may be enumerated below or in 06-096 CMR ch. 419. The groups of parameters that the generator may be required to analyze for depends upon the processes that generate the residual, inputs to that process and the intended use of the residual. Groups of parameters that the Department may require to be analyzed for by the generator or at sites where residuals are utilized include the following: (1)Soil Nutrient Analysis(a)Initial analysis. A complete soil nutrient analysis includes the following: pH; available phosphorus; available potassium; available calcium; available magnesium; cation exchange capacity (C.E.C.); percent C.E.C. saturation with potassium; percent C.E.C. saturation with calcium; percent C.E.C. saturation with magnesium; percent C.E.C. saturation with sodium; and percent organic matter. Available nitrogen may be required by the Department to be measured. It may be measured in the field using protocols such as the Pre-Sidedress Nitrogen Test.(b)On-going analysis. A minimum of one composite topsoil sample per eight (8) acres of utilization area must be collected at the site prior to utilization each year that a residual will be land applied. Results of the analyses must be received and interpreted by the license holder prior to utilization. These results must be used as a factor in determining the amount of residual to be land applied.(2)Initial Residual Analysis. The Department may require that generators test for the following parameters. The Department will determine testing requirements based on the proposed utilization program, an assessment of parameters likely to be in the residual, an evaluation of the chemical compounds known or suspected to be present in the waste stream from which the sludge or residuals originate, the processes used to generate the residual, the database of analytical results developed by the Department, and other factors as appropriate. Initial analysis for target volatile organic compounds, target semi-volatile organic compounds, total PCBs, and dioxin are required for: sewage sludge generated by POTWs with an average daily flow greater than 2.5 millions of gallons/day; POTWs with pulp and paper, tannery, textile-related or other significant industrial wastewater inputs; POTWs required to enact an Industrial Pretreatment Program according to U.S. EPA regulations 40 CFR Part 403 [iv] as amended up to July 1, 2014; and sludge or residuals from pulp and paper mills, tanneries, textile mills, and ash generators.
Initial analysis for target semi-volatile organic compounds, total PCBs, and dioxin are required for ash generators:
(a)Baseline Nutrients. All residuals must be analyzed for the following parameters: pH, percent dry solids, total volatile solids, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Chloride, Total Phosphorus, Total Potassium, Total Carbon, and Sodium.(b)Nitrogen. Sewage sludge, papermill sludge, food wastes and other type 1B residuals must also be analyzed for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN), Ammonia Nitrogen (NH4), Nitrate (NO3) and Nitrite (NO2)(c)Calcium Carbonate Equivalents. Woodash, lime mud, papermill sludge, lime-stabilized sewage sludge and other liming agents must also be analyzed for Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) equivalents.(d)Total Inorganic Compounds. All residuals other than sewage sludge must be analyzed for the following total inorganic target compounds: Aluminum, Antimony, Arsenic, Barium, Boron, Beryllium, Cadmium, Calcium, Chromium, Cobalt, Copper, Iron, Lead, Magnesium, Manganese, Mercury, Molybdenum, Nickel, Potassium, Selenium, Silver, Sodium, Thallium, Vanadium, Zinc, and Cyanide. These parameters must be analyzed for using methods in SW 846.(e)Sewage Sludge Metals. Sewage sludge must be analyzed for the following total metals: Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Lead, Mercury, Molybdenum, Nickel, Selenium and Zinc. (f)Pathogens. Following treatment by one or more of the pathogen reduction standards in 06-096 CMR ch. 419, Appendix B, residuals which may contain human pathogens may require compliance testing for one or more of the following indicator parameters: Salmonella sp., Fecal Coliform, enteric virus, or Helminth ova.(g)Compost stability. Compost stability may be measured using one of the following methods: (i)Aerated Pile: The compost moisture content is adjusted to between 40 and 60%. The compost is then aerated and, with the ambient air above 45º F., formed into a pile no smaller than six feet in diameter and four feet high. The temperature is measured two feet into the pile. The stability class is determined for the compost based on the highest temperature difference between the compost and ambient temperature over the course of five days;(ii)Dewars Flask (Insulated Container). The compost moisture content is adjusted to between 40 and 60%. The compost is then aerated, and enclosed in an insulated vacuum flask connected to a continuous reading internal/external thermometer. The stability class is determined for the compost based on the highest temperature difference between the encapsulated compost and ambient temperature over the course of five days; or(iii)Respiration. The amount of CO2 generated or O2 consumed by a compost at a constant temperature and moisture is measured. Other methods for determining stability may be approved by the Department on a case by case basis.
(h)Salt Toxicity. Salt toxicity must be determined by measurement of electrical conductivity, plant toxicity testing, or other methods approved by the Department. (i)Target volatile organic compounds. All residuals other than woodash from woodash generators burning only wood waste must be analyzed for the target volatile organic compounds listed in Appendix C of this chapter. These parameters must be analyzed for total concentrations using methods in SW 846.(j)Target semi-volatile compounds. A complete analysis for target semi-volatile compounds includes the Acid/Base-neutral target compoundslisted in Appendix D of this chapter. These parameters must be analyzed for total concentrations using methods in SW 846.(k)Total PCBs. A complete analysis for total PCBs, including, but not limited to, the arochlors listed in Appendix C of this chapter. Total PCBs must be analyzed for using methods in SW 846.(l)Target pesticides. A complete analysis for target pesticides includes the pesticides listed in Appendix C of this chapter. These parameters must be analyzed for total concentrations using methods in SW 846.(m)Dioxins(i)A complete analysis for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs), also referred to as dioxin(s) and dioxin-like compounds. Sampling and analysis must be performed in accordance with EPA method 1613, EPA method 8290, or another Department-approved method.(ii)toxic Equivalency Factors. The results of the residual analyses must be used to calculate total 2,3,7,8-TCDD equivalents using the Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEF) in Tables 405.1 and 405.2 , which indicate the relative toxicity of mixtures of dioxins, furans and dioxin-like compounds in relationship to the toxicity of 2,3,7,8-PCDD. To calculate the total 2,3,7,8-PCDD equivalents, multiply each detect by the corresponding TEF then add all results. Reported non-detects (ND) at the method detection limit will be considered equal to 0. The TEFs from Table 405.2 will be used to determine compliance with the dioxin standard in 06-096 CMR ch. 419. Both calculations must be reported to the Department. Table 405.1 -- Reporting Toxic Equivalency Factors
PCDDs | TEF | PCDFs | TEF |
Mono-, Di and TriCDDs | 0 | Mono-, Di and TriCDFs | 0 |
2,3,7,8-TCDDs | 1 | 2,3,7,8-TCDFs | 0.1 |
other TCDDs | 0 | other TCDFs | 0 |
2,3,7,8-PeCDDs | 0.5 | 1,2,3,7,8-PeCDF | 0.05 |
other PeCDDs | 0 | 2,3,4,7,8 PeCDF | 0.5 |
other PeCDFs | 0 |
2,3,7,8-HxCDDs | 0.1 | 2,3,7,8-HxCDFs | 0.1 |
other HxCDDs | 0 | other HxCDF | 0 |
2,3,7,8-HpCDDs | 0.01 | 2,3,7,8-HpCDFs | 0.01 |
other HpCDDs | 0 | other HpCDFs | 0 |
OCDD | 0.001 | OCDF | 0.001 |
Type | IUPAC No. | Structure | TEF |
Non-ortho | 77 | 3,3',4,4'-TCB | 0.0005 |
126 | 3,3',4.4',5-PeCB | 0.1 |
169 | 3,3',4,4',5,5'-HxCB | 0.01 |
Mono-ortho | 105 | 2,3,3',4,4'-PeCB | 0.0001 |
114 | 2,3,4,4',5-PeCB | 0.0005 |
118 | 2,3',4,4",5-PeCB | 0.0001 |
123 | 2',3,4,4',5PeCB | 0.0001 |
156 | 2,3,3',4,4',5-HxCB | 0.0005 |
157 | 2,3,3',4,4',5'-HxCB | 0.0005 |
167 | 2,3',4,4',5,5'-HxCB | 0.00001 |
189 | 2,3,3',4,4',5,5'-HpCB | 0.0001 |
Di-ortho | 170 | 2,2',3,3',4,4',5-HpCB | 0.0001 |
180 | 2,2',3,4,4',5,5'-HpCB | 0.00001 |
Table 405.2 -- Compliance Toxicity Equivalency Factors
PCDDs | TEF | PCDFs | TEF |
mono-, di and triCDDs | 0 | mono-, di and triCDFs | 0 |
2,3,7,8-TCDDs | 1 | 2,3,7,8-TCDFs | 0.1 |
total other TCDD | 0.01 | total other TCDF | 0.001 |
2,3,7,8-PeCDDs | 0.5 | ,2,3,7,8-PeCDFs | 0.1 |
total other PeCDD | 0.005 | total other PeCDF | 0.001 |
2,3,7,8-HxCDDs | 0.04 | 2,3,7,8-HxCDFs | 0.01 |
total other HxCDD | 0.0004 | total other HxCDF | 0.0001 |
2,3,7,8-HpCDDs | 0.001 | 2,3,7,8-HpCDFs | 0.001 |
total other HpCDD | 0.00001 | total other HpCDF | 0.00001 |
OCDD | 0 | OCDF | 0.001 |
(n)Non-hazardous determination. Initial characterization of any residual proposed for agronomic utilization must include a determination that the residual is non-hazardous. This determination must be made either through TCLP testing or through calculation utilizing the methodology described in Appendix C of this chapter. (o)Other. The Department may require analysis for other parameters that, based on a description of the process generating the residual, may be in the residual in significant concentrations to adversely impact the utilization program. (3)Follow-up Residual Analysis. Follow-up sampling and analysis. The frequency of follow-up sampling and analysis will be established by license condition, and determined based on the initial analytical results for the residual, the Department's data base of analytical results, the potential for these compounds to be present in the material, and other factors as appropriate. Sewage sludge must be analyzed for total arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, molybdenum, nickel, selenium and zinc at the frequency in Table 405.3 unless otherwise approved by the Department based on specific characteristics.
Table 405.3
Dry Tons of Sludge Produced Annually | Sampling and Analysis Frequency | Analysis Results - Reports Due on 15th of Month Listed |
<200 | Twice per year | July, January |
200 - 1000, | Quarterly | April, July, October, January |
1001 - 2000 | Bi-monthly | March, May, July, September, November, January |
>2000 | Monthly | Each month |
06-096 C.M.R. ch. 405, § 6