La. Admin. Code tit. 28 § CXLI-525

Current through Register Vol. 50, No. 11, November 20, 2024
Section CXLI-525 - Seventh-Eighth Grade Span
A. Focus
1. Grade 7 and grade 8 students carry on their work with whole numbers, fractions, and decimals. This work includes identification and comparison of the different types of numbers. The students also work with manipulatives and concrete models to develop a basic understanding of multiplication.
2. In algebra, students continue their work with modeling situations using objects, pictures, and letters. The measurement strand has the students ordering or sorting items according to different units of measurement. Grade 7 and grade 8 students continue their work with maps and are introduced to the concept of transformations (i.e., rotations) through the use of models.
3. Charts, tables, and graphs continue to be studied in grades 7 and 8; this includes comparisons of data and creation of graphs. Predictions of events are also revisited. The study of patterns includes the ability to reproduce a given pattern using different objects or symbols. Students with significant cognitive disabilities access much of the same information and work on many skills through the complexity levels.
B. Strands
1. Number and Number Relations. In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of the real number system and communicate the relationships within that system using a variety of techniques and tools.

Grades 7-8

Mathematics

Benchmarks

Grade Level Expectations

Extended

Standards

Complexity Levels

N-1-M: demonstrating that a rational number can be expressed in many forms, and selecting an appropriate form for a given situation (e.g., fractions, decimals, and percents)

N-3-M: reading, writing, representing, and using rational numbers in a variety of forms (e.g., integers, mixed numbers, and improper fractions)

1. Recognize and compute equivalent representations of fractions, decimals, and percents (i.e., halves, thirds, fourths, fifths, eighths, tenths, hundredths) (N-1-M)

4. Read and write numbers in scientific notation with positive exponents (N-3-M)

ES-1/4: Recognize numbers (i.e., whole numbers, fractions, decimals)

3. Identify decimals within the context of a daily-living situation

2. Identify fractions associated with a given model

1. Identify a number as a whole number, fraction, or decimal

N-2-M: demonstrating number sense and estimation skills to describe, order, and compare rational numbers (e.g., magnitude, integers, fractions, decimals, and percents)

2. Compare positive fractions, decimals, percents, and integers using symbols (i.e., <, [LESS THAN EQUAL TO],=, [GREATER THAN EQUALS TO],) and position on a number line (N-2-M)

1. Compare rational numbers using symbols (i.e., <, [LESS THAN EQUAL TO],=, [GREATER THAN EQUALS TO],) and position on a number line (N-1-M) (N-2-M)

ES-2/1: Compare and order numbers (i.e., whole numbers, fractions, decimals)

3. Order using "less than," "more than," "most," and/or "least"

2. Identify a set of objects with "more"

1. Show that equal means "the same as"

N-4-M: demonstrating a conceptual understanding of the meaning of the basic arithmetic operations (add, subtract, multiply and divide) and their relationships to each other

3. Solve order of operations problems involving grouping symbols and multiple operations (N-4-M)

5. Simplify expressions involving operations on integers, grouping symbols, and whole number exponents using order of operations (N-4-M)

ES-3/5: Identify and solve simple computation problems

3. Identify a model of a given multiplication problem

2. Solve real-world problems using addition or subtraction

1. Count the objects in a group and the number of groups

2. Algebra. In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of concepts and processes that allows them to analyze, represent, and describe relationships among variable quantities and to apply algebraic methods to real-world situations.

Grades 7-8

Mathematics

Benchmarks

Grade Level Expectations

Extended

Standards

Complexity Levels

A-1-M: demonstrating a conceptual understanding of variables, expressions, equations, and inequalities (e.g., symbolically represent real-world problems as linear terms, equations, or inequalities)

14. Write a real-life meaning of a simple algebraic equation or inequality, and vice versa (A-1-M) (A-5-M)

10. Write real-life meanings of expressions and equations involving rational numbers and variables (A-1-M) (A-5-M)

ES-14/10: Model situations using pictures, objects, and letters

3. Use visual representations or objects to model a situation

2. Match visual representations or objects to a given situation

1. Identify a picture sequence that completes a routine task

3. Measurement. In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of the concepts, processes, and real-life applications of measurement.

Grades 7-8

Mathematics

Benchmarks

Grade Level Expectations

Extended

Standards

Complexity Levels

M-4-M: using intuition and estimation skills to describe, order, and compare formal and informal measures (e.g., ordering cup, pint, quart, gallon; comparing a meter to a yard)

21. Compare and order measurements within and between the U.S. and metric systems in terms of common reference points (e.g., weight/mass and area) (M-4-M) (G-1-M)

21. Compare and estimate measurements of volume and capacity within and between the U.S. and metric systems (M-4-M) (G-1-M)

ES-21/21: Compare and order sizes of items in real-life situations

3. Order a minimum of three items according to weight, capacity, length, temperature, or time

2. Sort items according to weight, capacity, length, temperature, and/or time

1. Sort items according to one of the following: more/less, long/short, heavy/light, early/late, day/night, hot/cold

4. Geometry. In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of geometric concepts and applications involving one-, two-, and three-dimensional geometry, and justify their findings.

Grades 7-8

Mathematics

Benchmarks

Grade Level Expectations

Extended

Standards

Complexity Levels

G-3-M: making predictions regarding transformations of geometric figures (e.g., make predictions regarding translations, reflections, and rotations of common figures)

25. Draw the results of reflections and translations of geometric shapes on a coordinate grid (G-3-M)

25. Predict, draw, and discuss the resulting changes in lengths, orientation, angle measures, and coordinates when figures are translated, reflected across horizontal or vertical lines, and rotated on a grid (G-3-M) (G-6-M)

ES-25/25: Identify a simple transformation (i.e., turn) and apply positional concepts

3. Identify a model of a turn

2. Recognize and apply positional concepts (e.g., front, behind)

1. Follow simple spatial directions (e.g., left, right, up, down)

G-6-M: demonstrating an understanding of the coordinate system (e.g., locate points, identify coordinates, and graph points in a coordinate plane to represent real-world situations)

29. Plot points on a coordinate grid in all 4 quadrants and locate the coordinates of a missing vertex in a parallelogram (G-6-M) (A-5-M)

33. Graph solutions to real-life problems on the coordinate plane (G-6-M)

ES-29/33: Use and read a map/grid

3. Find the horizontal and vertical lengths of a path between two points on a grid

2. Select a model of a route from one specific point to another

1. Identify/recognize locations on a map and/or floor plan

5. Data Analysis, Probability, and Discrete Math. In problem-solving investigations, students discover trends, formulate conjectures regarding cause-and-effect relationships, and demonstrate critical-thinking skills in order to make informed decisions.

Grades 7-8

Mathematics

Benchmarks

Grade Level Expectations

Extended

Standards

Complexity Levels

D-2-M: analyzing, interpreting, evaluating, drawing inferences, and making estimations, predictions, decisions, and convincing arguments based on organized data (e.g., analyze data using concepts of mean, median, mode, range, random samples, sample size, bias, and data extremes)

D-1-M: systematically collecting, organizing, describing, and displaying data in charts, tables, plots, graphs, and/or spreadsheets

31. Analyze and interpret circle graphs, and determine when a circle graph is the most appropriate type of graph to use (D-2-M)

36. Organize and display data using circle graphs (D-1-M)

ES-31/36: Organize, and interpret data in tables, charts, or graphs

3. Create a chart of information using pictures or symbols

2. Compare data in tables, charts, and/or graphs

1. Use tables, charts, and/or graphs to locate information in daily activities

D-5-M: comparing experimental probability results with theoretical probability (e.g., representing probabilities of concrete situations as common fractions, investigating single-event and multiple-event probability, using sample spaces, geometric figures, tables, and/or graphs)

37. Determine probability from experiments and from data displayed in tables and graphs (D-5-M)

44. Use experimental data presented in tables and graphs to make outcome predictions of independent events (D-5-M)

ES-37/44: Identify events and make predictions about outcomes

3. Make predictions about outcomes of daily events

2. Identify events as possible/impossible or likely/unlikely

1. Identify the next event in a routine

6. Patterns, Relations, and Functions. In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of patterns, relations, and functions that represent and explain real-world situations.

Grades 7-8

Mathematics

Benchmarks

Grade Level Expectations

Extended

Standards

Complexity Levels

P-1-M: describing, extending, analyzing, and creating a wide variety of numerical, geometrical, and statistical patterns (e.g., skip counting of rational numbers and simple exponential number patterns)

39. Analyze and describe simple exponential number patterns (e.g., 3, 9, 27 or 31, 32, 33) (P-1-M)

46. Distinguish between and explain when real-life numerical patterns are linear/arithmetic (i.e., grows by addition) or exponential/geometric (i.e., grows by multiplication) (P-1-M) (P-4-M)

ES-39/46: Analyze and extend a pattern

3. Reproduce a pattern

2. Find the missing element in a pattern

1. Extend a pattern

La. Admin. Code tit. 28, § CXLI-525

Promulgated by the Board of Elementary and Secondary Education, LR 34:2372 (November 2008).
AUTHORITY NOTE: Promulgated in accordance with R.S. 17:24.4.