40 C.F.R. § 414 app A to Part 414
Chromium
Methylhydroabietate/Esterification of hydroabietic acid (rosin) with methanol
Acrylic acid/Oxidation of propylene via acrolein
N-butyl alcohol/Hydrogenation of n-Butyraldehyde, Oxo process
Cyclohexanone/From phenol via cyclohexanol by hydrogenation-dehydrogenation
Fatty amines/Hydrogenation of fatty nitriles (batch)
Helioptropin/Oxidation of isosafrole, chromium catalyst
Isobutanol/Hydrogenation of isobutyraldehyde, Oxo process
Cyclohexyl Mercaptan/Cyclohexanol + Hydrogen sulfide
Ethyl Mercaptan/Ethanol + Hydrogen sulfide
Methanol/H.P. Synthesis from natural gas via synthetic gas
Oxo Alcohols, C7-C11/Carbonation & hydrogenation of C6-C10 Olefins
Polyoxypropylene diamine/Polypropylene glycol + Ammonia
n-Propyl alcohol/Hydrogenation of propionaldehyde, Oxo process
SAN resin/Suspension polymerization
Styrene/Dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene
Styrene/Dehydration of methyl benzyl alcohol (coproduct of propylene oxide)
1 -Tetralol, 1-Tetralone mix/Oxidation of tetralin (1,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene)
3 ,3,3-Trifluoropropene/Catalyzed hydrogen fluoride exchange with chlorinated propane
Vinyl toluene/Dehydrogenation (thermal) of ethyltoluene
Copper
Methylhydroabietate/Esterification of hydroabietic acid (rosin) with methanol
Acetaldehyde/Oxidation of ethylene with cupric chloride catalyst
Acetic acid/Catalytic oxidation of butane
Acetone/Dehydrogenation of isopropanol
Acrylamide/Catalytic hydration of acrylonitrile
Acrylic acid/Oxidation of propylene via acrolein
Acrylonitrile/Propylene ammoxidation
Adipic acid/Oxidation of cyclohexanol-cyclohexanone mixture
Adipic acid/Oxidation of cyclohexane via cyclohexanol-cyclohexanone mixture
Allynitrile/Allychloride + sodium cyanide
Aniline/Hydrogenation of nitrobenzene
Benzofurans, 2,3-Dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranol/ from o-Nitrophenol + Methallyl chloride
n-Butyl alcohol/Hydrogenation of n-Butyraldehyde, Oxo process
1 ,4-Butanediol/Hydrogenation of 1,4-butynediol
Butryolactone/Dehydrogenation of 1,4-butanediol
Caprolactam/From cyclohexane via cyclohexanone and its oxime
Lilian (hydroxydihydrocitronellal)/Hydration and oxidation of citronellol
1,2-Dichloroethane/Oxyhydrochlorination of ethylene
Dialkyldithiocarbamates, metal salts/Dialkylamines + carbon disulfide
2 -Ethylhexanol/from n-Butyraldehyde by Aldo condensation and hydrogenation
Fatty amines/Hydrogenation of fatty nitriles (batch)
Geraniol/B-Myrcene + Hydrogen chloride, esterification of geranyl chloride, hydrolysis of geranyl acetate
Furfuryl alcohol/Hydrogenation of furfural
Geranial (Citral)/Oxidation of geraniol (copper catalyst)
Glyoxal/Oxidation of ethylene glycol
Isobutanol/Hydrogenation of isobutyraldehyde, Oxo process
Isopropanol/Catalytic hydrogenation of acetone
2 -Mercaptobenzothiazoles, copper salt/2-Mercaptobenzothiazole + copper salt
Methanol/High pressure synthesis from natural gas via synthetic gas
Methanol/Low pressure synthesis from natural gas via synthetic gas
Methyl ethyl ketone/Dehydrogenation of sec-Butanol
Oxo alcohols, C7-C11/Carbonation & hydrogenation of C6-C10 olefins
Phenol/Liquid phase oxidation of benzoic acid
Polyoxyalkylene amines/Polyoxyalkylene glycol + ammonia
Polyphenylene oxide/Solution polymerization of 2,6-xylenol by oxidative coupling (cuprous salt catalyst)
Polyoxypropylene diamine/Polypropylene glycol + Ammonia
Quinaldine (dye intermediate)/Skraup reaction of aniline + crotonaldehyde
Silicones, silicone fluids/Hydrolysis and condensation of chlorosilanes
Silicones, silicone rubbers/Hydrolysis and condensation of chlorosilanes
Silicones, silicone specialties (grease, dispersion agents, defoamers & other products)
Silicones: Silicone resins/Hydrolysis & condensation of methyl, phenyl & vinyl chlorosilanes
Silicones: Silicone fluids/Hydrolysis of chlorosilanes to acyclic & cyclic organosiloxanes
Styrene/Dehydration of a-Methylbenzyl alcohol (coproduct of propylene oxide)
Tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene)/Oxyhydrochlorination of tetrachloroethane
Tris(anilino)s-triazine/Cyanuric chloride + aniline + cogeners
Trichloroethylene/Oxyhydrochlorination of tetrachloroethane
Unsaturated polyester resin/Reaction of maleic anhydride + phthalic anhydride + propylene glycol polyester with styrene or methyl methacrylate
Lead
Alkyd resin/Condensation polymerization
Alkyd resins/Condensation polymerization of phthalic anhydride + glycerin + vegetable oil esters
Dialkydithiocarbamates, metal salts/Dialkylamines + carbon disulfide
Thiuram (dimethyldithiocarbamate) hexasulfide/Dimethyldithiocarbamate + sulfur
Triphenylmethane dyes (methyl violet)/Condensation of Formaldehyde + N-Methylaniline + N,N-dimethylaniline, oxidation of reaction product
4 ,4'-Bis-(N,N-dimethylaniline) carbinol, Michler's hydrol/Oxidation of 4,4'-Methylene-bis(N,N-dimethylaniline) with lead oxide
Naphthenic acid salts
Stearic acid, metal salts/Neutralization with a metallic base
Nickel
Acetates, 7,11-Hexadecadien-1-ol (gossyplure)/Coupling reactions, low pressure hydrogenation, esterification
Acetates, 9-dodecen-1-ol (pheromone)/Coupling reactions, low pressure hydrogenation, esterification
Acrylic acid/oxidation of propylene via acrolein
Acrylonitrile/Propylene ammoxidation
n-Alkanes/Hydrogenation of C6-C22 alpha olefins (ethylene oligomers)
Adiponitrile/Direct cyanation of butadiene
Alkyl amines/Amination of alcohols
4 -Aminoacetanilide/Hydrogenation of 4-Nitroacetanilide
BTX/Hydrogenation of olefins (cyclohexenes)
Terphenyls, hydrogenated/Nickel catalyst, hydrogenation of terphenyl
Bisphenol-A, hydrogenated (Biscyclohexanol-A)/Hydrogenation of Bisphenol-A
Butadiene (1,3)/Extractive distillation of C-4 pyrolyzates
n-Butanol/Hydrogenation of n-Butyraldehyde, Oxo process
1 ,3-Butylene glycol/Hydrogenation of acetaldol
1,4-Butanediol/Hydrogenation of 1,4-butynediol
Butylenes (mixed)/Distillation pf C4 pyrolyzates
4-Chloro-2-aminophenol/Hydrogenation of 4-Chloro-2-nitrophenol
Lilial (hydroxydihydrocitronellal)/Hydration and oxidation of citronellol
Cycloparaffins/Catalytic hydrogenation of aromatics in kerosene solvent
Cyclohexanol/Hydrogenation of phenol, distillation
Cyclohexanone/From phenol via cyclohexanol by hydrogenation-dehydrogenation
Dialkyldithiocarbamates, metal salts/Dialkylamines + carbon disulfide
Ethylamine/Reductive amination of ethanol
Ethylamines (mono, di, tri)/Reductive ammination (ammonia + hydrogen) of ethanol
Isoeugenol, high % trans/Separation of mixed cis & trans isoeugenols
2 -Ethylhexanol/from n-Butyraldehyde by Aldol condensation and hydrogenation
Fatty acids, hydrogenated/tallow & coco acids + Hydrogen
Fatty amines/Hydrogenation of fatty nitriles (batch)
Fatty amines/Hydrogenation of tallow & coco nitriles
Glyoxal-urea formaldehyde textile resin/condensation to N-bis(hydroxymethyl) ureas & N,N'-(dihydroxyethyl) ureas
11-hexadecenal/Coupling rxns, low pressure hydrogenation
Hexahydrophthalic anhydride/Condensation of butadiene & maleic anhydride (Diels-Alder reaction) + hydrogenation
Isobutanol/Hydrogenation of isobutyraldehyde, Oxo process
Diisobutyl amine/Ammonolysis of isobutanol
Isopropyl amines (mono, di)/Reductive ammination (Ammonia + Hydrogen) of isopropanol
Linalool/Pyrolysis of 2-Pinanol
Methanol/High pressure synthesis from natural gas via synthetic gas
Methanol/Low pressure sythesis fron natural gas via synthetic gas
Methanol/Butane oxidation
Tris-(hydroxymethyl) methyl amine/Hydrogenation of tris(hydroxymethyl) nitromethane
N-Methyl morpholine/Morpholine + Methanol
N-Ethyl morpholine/Morpholine + Ethanol
2 -Methyl-7,8-epoxy octadecane/Coupling reactions, low pressure hydrogenation, epoxidation
Alpha-Olefins/Ethylene oligomer, & Zeigler Cat.
Petroleum hydrocarbon resins, hydrogenated/Hydrogenation of petroleum hydrocarbon resin products
Pinane/Hydrogenation of A-Pinene
2 -Pinanol/Reduction of pinane hydroperoxide
Bis-(p-Octylphenol) sulfide, Nickel salt/p-Octylphenol + sulfur chloride (S2C12), neutralize with Nickel base
Piperazine/Reductive amination of ethanol amine (ammonia & hydrogenation, metal catalyst)
N,N-Dimethylpiperazine/Condensation piperazine + formaldehyde, hydrogenation
Polyoxylalkylene amines/Polyoxyalkylene glycol + Ammonia
Polyoxypropylene diamine/Polypropylene glycol + Ammonia
2 -Amino-2-methyl-1-propanol/Hydrogenation of 2-Nitro 2-methyl-1-propanol
3 -Methoxypropyl amine/Reductive amination of acrylamide with methanol & hydrogen
N-Propylamine/Reductive ammination (ammonia + hydrogen) of n-propanol
Sorbitol/Hydrogenation of sugars
Sulfolane/Condensation butadiene + sulfur dioxide, Hydrogenation
Thionocarbamates, N-Ethyl-o-isopropyl/Isopropyl xanthate + Ethylamine
Toluene diamine (mixture)/Catalytic hydrogenation of dinitrotoluene
Methylated urea-formaldehyde resins (textile)/Methylation of urea-formaldehyde adduct
Methylated urea-formaldehyde glyoxol (textile resin)/Reaction of methylated urea-formaldehyde + glyoxal
Zinc
Methylhydroabietate, diels-alder adducts/Derivatives of abietic esters from rosin
Acrylic resins/Emulsion or solution polymerization to coatings
Acrylic resins (latex)/Emulsion polymerization of acrylonitrile with polybutadiene
Acrylic fibers (85% polyacrylonitrile) by solution polymerization/Wet spinning
Alkyd Resins/Condensation polymerization of phthalic anhydride + glycerin + vegetable oil esters
Benzene/By-product of styrene by ethylbenzene dehydrogenation
Benzene/By-product of vinyl toluene (from ethyltoluene)
n-butyl alcohol/Hydrogenation of n-Butyraldehyde, Oxo process
Coumarin (benz-a-pyrone)/Salicylaldehyde, Oxo process
Cycloparaffins/Catalytic hydrogenation of aromatics in kerosene solvent
Dithiocarbamates, zinc salt/Reaction of zinc oxide + Sodium dithiocarbamates
Dialkyldithiocarbamates, metal salts/Diakylamines + Carbon disulfide
Dithiocarbamates, metal salts/Dithiocarbamic acid + metal oxide
Thiuram (dimethyldithiocarbamate) hexasulfide/Dimethyldithiocarbamate + sulfur
Fluorescent brighteners/Coumarin based
Ethyl acetate/Redox reaction (Tschenko) of acetaldehyde
Ethylbenzene/Benzene alkylation in liquid phase
Ethylbenzyl chloride/Chloromethylation (Hydrogen chloride + formaldehyde, zinc chloride) of ethylbenzene
2-Ethyl hexanol/Aldol condensation-hydrogenation of n-Butyraldehyde
Glyoxal-urea formaldehyde textile resin/Condensation to N-bis (hydroxymethyl) ureas + N,N'-(Dihydroxyethyl) ureas
Isobutanol/Hydrogenation of isobutyraldehyde, Oxo process
Isopropanol/Catalytic hydrogenation of acetone
Methallylidene diacetate/Condensation of 2-Methypropenal + acetic anhydride
Methanol/Low pressure sythesis from natural gas via synthetic gas
Methyl chloride/Hydrochlorination of methanol
Methylethyl ketone/Dehydrogenation of sec-Butanol
Naphthenic acid salts
Nylon
Nylon 6 & 66 copolymers/Polycondensation of Nylon salt + Caprolatam
Nylon 6 fiber/Extrusion (melt spinning)
Oxo alcohols, C12-C15/Hydroformylation & hydrogenation of C11-C14 olefins
Phenolic urethan resins/Phenol + excess formaldehyde + Methylene aniline diisocyanate
Polystyrene (crystal) modified/Polystyrene + sulfonation, chloromethylation and/or amination
Rayon/Viscose process
SAN resin/Emulsion polymerization
Silicones: Silicone rubbers/Hydrolysis and condensation of chlorosilanes
Silicones: Silicone specialties (grease, dispersion agents, defoamers & other products)
Silicones: Silicone resins/Hydrolysis & condensation of methyl, phenyl & vinyl chlorosilanes
Silicones: Silicone fluids/Hydrolysis of chlorosilanes to acyclic & cyclic organosiloxanes
Stearic acid, metal salts/Neutralization with a metallic base
Styrene/Dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene
Styrene-butadiene resin/Emulsion polymerization
Vinyl acetate/Reduction of acetylene + acetic acid
Vinyl toluene/Dehydrogenation (thermal) of ethyltoluene
Xylenes, mixed/By-product vinyl toluene (from ethyltoluene)
Cyanide
Acetone cyanohydrin/Acetone + Hydrogen cyanide
Acetonitrile/By-product of acrylonitrile from propylene by ammoxidation
Acrylic resins/Solution polymerization
Acrylic fiber (85% acrylonitrile)/Suspension polymerization, and wet spinning
Acrylic fiber (85% acrylonitrile)/Solution polymerization, and wet spinning
Acrylonitrile/Ammoxidation of propylene
Adiponitrile/Butadiene + Hydrogen cyanide (direct cyanation)
Allylnitrile/Allyl chloride + Sodium cyanide
Dimethoxybenzaldehyde/Hydroquinone dimethyl ether + Hydrogen cyanide, hydrolysis
Benzyl cyanide/Benzyl chloride + Sodium cyanide
Coal tar products/Distillation of coal tar condensate
Cyanoacetic acid/Chloracetic acid + sodium cyanide
Cyanuric chloride/Catalyzed trimerization of cyanogen chloride
Vat dyes, Indigo paste as Vat Blue 1/Sodamide + potassium N-Phenylglycine, fused with caustic/N-phenylglycine + Aniline + Formaldehyde + Sodium bisulfite, sodium cyanide, hydrolysis with potassium hydroxide
Disperse dyes, Azo and Vat
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid/Ethylenediamine + Formaldehyde + Sodium cyanide
Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid/Diethylenetriamine + Formaldehyde + Sodium cyanide
N,N'-bis(o-Acetamidophenol)ethylenediamine, ferric complex/ Salicyladehyde + Ethylenediamine + Hydrogen cyanide, hydrolysis to amide
Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid, pentasodium salt/Diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acide + caustic
Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid, metal salts/Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid + metal bases
Hydroxyethyl ethylenediamine triacetic acid, trisodium salt/ Ethylenediamine + Ethylene oxide + Formaldehyde + Sodium cyanide, hydrolysis
5 ,5-Dimethyl hyantoin/Acetone + ammonia + carbon dioxide + hydrogen cyanide
Hydrogen cyanide/By-product of acrylonitrile by ammoxidation of propylene
Iminodiacetic acid/Hexamethylene tetraamine + Hydrogen cyanide, hydrolysis of iminoacetonitrile salt
Methionine/Acrolein + Methyl mercaptan, with hydrogen cyanide and ammonium carbonate
Nitrilotriacetic acid/Hexamethylene tetraamine + Hydrogen cyanide, hydrolysis of nitrilotriacetonitrile salt
Picolines, mixed/Condensation of acetaldehyde + formaldehyde + ammonia
Organic pigments, Azo/Diazotization of aniline cogener, coupling to B-Napthol
Pyrimidines, 2-Isopropyl-4-methoxy-/Isobutyronitrile + methanol, ammonia and methylacetoacetate (ring closure)
Pyridine (synthetic)/Condensation of acetaldehyde + ammonia + formaldehyde
Cyanopyridine/Ammoxidation of picoline
Sarcosine (N-Methyl glycine), sodium salt/Hexamethylene tetraamine + Sodium cyanide, hydrolysis
Thiophene acetic acid/Chloromethylation (Hydrogen chloride + Formaldehyde) + Sodium cyanide, hydrolysis
Tris(anilino)S-triazine/Cyanuric chloride + Aniline and its cogeners
Triethylorthoformate/Ethanol + Hydrogen cyanide
Trimethylorthoformate/Methanol + Hydrogen cyanide
40 C.F.R. 414 app A to Part 414