(Eq. 10)
where,
[DELTA] e = Percentage difference between the readings generated by the alternative monitoring system and the continuous emission monitoring system.
ep = Measured value from the alternative monitoring system.
ev = Measured value from the continuous emission monitoring system.
lv = ln ev
(Eq. 11)
where,
ev = Hourly value generated by the certified continuous emissions monitoring system or certified flow monitoring system
lv = Hourly lognormalized data values for the certified monitoring system
and to each measured value, ep, of the proposed alternative monitoring system, using the following equation to obtain the lognormalized data values, lp:
lp = ln ep
(Eq. 12)
where,
ep = Hourly value generated by the proposed alternative monitoring system.
lp = Hourly lognormalized data values for the proposed alternative monitoring system.
(Eq. 13)
where,
x'i = The original data value at hour i.
x"i = The LAG1 data value at hour i.
COV(x'i, x"i) = The autocovariance of x'i and defined by,
(Eq. 14)
where,
n = The total number of observations in which both the original value, x'i, and the lagged value, x"i, are available in the data set.
s'x i = The standard deviation of the original data values, x'i defined by,
(Eq. 15)
where,
s"x i = The standard deviation of the LAG1 data values, x"i, defined by
(Eq. 16)
where,
x' = The mean of the original data values, x'i defined by
(Eq. 17)
where,
x" = The mean of the LAG1 data values, x"i, defined by
(Eq. 18)
where,
(Eq. 19)
If Z [GREATER THAN]1.96, then the autocorrelation coefficient, [RHO], is significant at the 5 percent significance level (a = 0.05).
S2 ADJ = VIF * S2
(Eq. 20)
where,
S2 = The original, unadjusted variance of the data set.
VIF = The variance inflation factor, defined by
(Eq. 21)
S2 ADJ = The autocorrelation-adjusted variance for the data set.
in the bias test Equation A-9 of appendix A of this part the following adjusted standard error of the mean may be used:
(Eq. 22)where
(Eq. 23)
where,
ei = Measured values of either the certified continuous emission monitoring system or certified flow monitor, as applicable, or proposed method.
em = Mean of either the certified continuous emission monitoring system or certified flow monitor, as applicable, or proposed method values.
n = Total number of paired samples.
(Eq. 24)
Compare the experimental F-value with the critical value of F at the 95-percent confidence level with n-1 degrees of freedom. The critical value is obtained from a table for F-distribution. If the calculated F-value is greater than the critical value, the proposed method is unacceptable.
(Eq. 25)
(Eq. 26)
where,
ep = Hourly value generated by the alternative monitoring system.
ev = Hourly value generated by the continuous emission monitoring system.
n = Total number of hours for which data were generated for the tests.
A separate graph shall be produced for the data generated at each of the operating levels or fuel supplies described in paragraphs (a)(4) and (a)(5) of this section.
(Eq. 27)
40 C.F.R. §75.41