26 C.F.R. § 1.172-6

Current through September 30, 2024
Section 1.172-6 - Illustration of net operating loss carrybacks and carryovers

The application of § 1.172-4 may be illustrated by the following example:

(a)Facts. The books of the taxpayer, whose return is made on the basis of the calendar year, reveal the following facts:

Taxable yearTaxable incomeNet operating loss
1954$15,000
195530,000
1956($75,000)
195720,000
1958(150,000)
195930,000
196035,000
196175,000
196217,000
196353,000

The taxable income thus shown is computed without any net operating loss deduction. The assumption is also made that none of the other modifications prescribed in § 1.172-5 apply. There are no net operating losses for 1950, 1951, 1952, 1953, 1964, 1965, or 1966.

(b)Loss sustained in 1956. The portions of the $75,000 net operating loss for 1956 which shall be used as carrybacks to 1954 and 1955 and as carryovers to 1957, 1958, 1959, 1960, and 1961 are computed as follows:
(1)Carryback to 1954. The carryback to this year is $75,000, that is, the amount of the net operating loss.
(2)Carryback to 1955. The carryback to this year is $60,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$75,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1954 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956)15,000
Carryback60,000

(3)Carryover to 1957. The carryover to this year is $30,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$75,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1954 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956)$15,000
Taxable income for 1955 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)30,000
45,000
Carryover30,000

(4)Carryover to 1958. The carryover to this year is $10,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$75,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1954 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956)$15,000
Taxable income for 1955 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)30,000
Taxable income for 1957 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)20,000
65,000
Carryover10,000

(5)Carryover to 1959. The carryover to this year is $10,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$75,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1954 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956)$15,000
Taxable income for 1955 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)30,000
Taxable income for 1957 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)20,000
Taxable income for 1958 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
----65,000
Carryover10,000

(6)Carryover to 1960. The carryover to this year is $0, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$75,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1954 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956)$15,000
Taxable income for 1955 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)30,000
Taxable income for 1957 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)20,000
Taxable income for 1958 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
Taxable income for 1959 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1956 or the carryover from 1958)30,000
----95,000
Carryover0

(7)Carryover to 1961. The carryover to this year is $0, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$75,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1954 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956)$15,000
Taxable income for 1955 (computed without the deduction of the carryback from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)30,000
Taxable income for 1957 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1956 or the carryback from 1958)20,000
Taxable income for 1958 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
Taxable income for 1959 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1956 or the carryover from 1958)30,000
Taxable income for 1960 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1956 or the carryover from 1958)35,000
----130,000
Carryover0

(c)Loss sustained in 1958. The portions of the $150,000 net operating loss for 1958 which shall be used as carrybacks to 1955, 1956, and 1957 and as carryovers to 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, and 1963 are computed as follows:
(1)Carryback to 1955. The carryback to this year is $150,000, that is, the amount of the net operating loss.
(2)Carryback to 1956. The carryback to this year is $150,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$150,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1955 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryback to such year of $60,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1955 not being taken into account)0
Carryback150,000

(3)Carryback to 1957. The carryback to this year is $150,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$150,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1955 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryback to such year of $60,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1955 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1956 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
----0
Carryback150,000

(4)Carryover to 1959. The carryover to this year is $150,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$150,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1955 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryback to such year of $60,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1955 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1956 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
Taxable income for 1957 (the $20,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $30,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1957 not being taken into account)0
----0
Carryover150,000

(5)Carryover to 1960. The carryover to this year is $130,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$150,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1955 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryback to such year of $60,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1955 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1956 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
Taxable income for 1957 (the $20,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $30,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1957 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1959 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $10,000 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1959 not being taken into account)$20,000
----20,000
Carryover130,000

(6)Carryover to 1961. The carryover to this year is $95,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$150,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1955 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryback to such year of $60,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1955 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1956 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
Taxable income for 1957 (the $20,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $30,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1957 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1959 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $10,000 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1959 not being taken into account)$20,000
Taxable income for 1960 (the $35,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $0 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1960 not being taken into account)35,000
----55,000
Carryover95,000

(7)Carryover to 1962. The carryover to this year is $20,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$150,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1955 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryback to such year of $60,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1955 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1956 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
Taxable income for 1957 (the $20,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $30,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1957 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1959 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $10,000 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1959 not being taken into account)$20,000
Taxable income for 1960 (the $35,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $0 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1960 not being taken into account)35,000
Taxable income for 1961 (the $75,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $0 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1961 not being taken into account)75,000
----130,000
Carryover20,000

(8)Carryover to 1963. The carryover to this year is $3,000, computed as follows:

Net operating loss$150,000
Less:
Taxable income for 1955 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryback to such year of $60,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1955 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1956 (a year in which a net operating loss was sustained)0
Taxable income for 1957 (the $20,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $30,000 from 1956, the carryback from 1958 to 1957 not being taken into account)0
Taxable income for 1959 (the $30,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $10,000 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1959 not being taken into account)$20,000
Taxable income for 1960 (the $35,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $0 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1960 not being taken into account)35,000
Taxable income for 1961 (the $75,000 taxable income for such year reduced by the carryover to such year of $0 from 1956, the carryover from 1958 to 1961 not being taken into account)75,000
Taxable income for 1962 (computed without the deduction of the carryover from 1958)17,000
----147,000
Carryover3,000

(d)Determination of net operating loss deduction for each year. The carryovers and carrybacks computed under paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section are used as a basis for the computation of the net operating loss deduction in the following manner:

Taxable year Carryover CarrybackNet operating loss deduction
From 1956 From 1958 From 1956 From 1958
1954$0$0$75,000$0$75,000
19550060,000150,000210,000
195730,00000150,000180,000
195910,000150,00000160,000
19600130,00000130,000
1961095,0000095,000
1962020,0000020,000
196303,000003,000

26 C.F.R. §1.172-6