10 C.F.R. § 431.97

Current through October 31, 2024

Section 431.97 - Energy efficiency standards and their compliance dates

(a) All basic models of commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment must be tested for performance using the applicable DOE test procedure in § 431.96 , be compliant with the applicable standards set forth in paragraphs (b) through (i) of this section, and be certified to the Department under 10 CFR part 429.

(b) Each commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment (excluding air-cooled equipment with cooling capacity less than 65,000 Btu/h) manufactured starting on the compliance date listed in tables 1 through 4 to this paragraph (b) must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in tables 1 through 4.

Table 1 to Paragraph (b) -Minimum Efficiency Standards for Air-Cooled Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity Greater Than or Equal to 65,000 Btu/h

[Excluding double-duct air-conditioners and heat pumps]

Cooling capacity	Subcategory	Supplementary heating type	Minimum efficiency ¹	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Air-Cooled Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment with a Cooling Capacity Greater Than or Equal to 65,000 Btu/h (Excluding Double-Duct Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps)
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	AC	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	IEER = 14.8	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	AC	All Other Types of Heating	IEER = 14.6	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	HP	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	IEER = 14.1 COP = 3.4	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	HP	All Other Types of Heating	IEER = 13.9 COP = 3.4	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	AC	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	IEER = 14.2	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	AC	All Other Types of Heating	IEER = 14.0	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	HP	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	IEER = 13.5 COP = 3.3	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	HP	All Other Types of Heating	IEER = 13.3 COP = 3.3	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	AC	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	IEER = 13.2	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	AC	All Other Types of Heating	IEER = 13.0	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	HP	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	IEER = 12.5 COP = 3.2	January 1, 2023.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	HP	All Other Types of Heating	IEER = 12.3 COP = 3.2	January 1, 2023.

¹ See section 3 of appendix A to this subpart for the test conditions upon which the COP standards are based.

Table 2 to Paragraph (b) -Minimum Cooling Efficiency Standards for Water-Cooled Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment

Cooling capacity	Supplementary heating type	Minimum efficiency	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Water-Cooled Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment
<65,000 Btu/h	All	EER = 12.1	October 29, 2003.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	EER = 12.1	June 1, 2013.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 11.9	June 1, 2013.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	EER = 12.5	June 1, 2014.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 12.3	June 1, 2014.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	EER = 12.4	June 1, 2014.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 12.2	June 1, 2014.

Table 3 to Paragraph (b) -Minimum Cooling Efficiency Standards for Evaporatively-Cooled Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment

Cooling capacity	Supplementary heating type	Minimum efficiency	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Evaporatively-Cooled Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment
<65,000 Btu/h	All	EER = 12.1	October 29, 2003.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	EER = 12.1	June 1, 2013.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 11.9	June 1, 2013.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	EER = 12.0	June 1, 2014.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 11.8	June 1, 2014.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	EER = 11.9	June 1, 2014.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 11.7	June 1, 2014.

Table 4 to Paragraph (b) -Minimum Efficiency Standards for Double-Duct Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

Cooling capacity	Subcategory	Supplementary heating type	Minimum efficiency ¹	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Double-Duct Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	AC	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	EER = 11.2	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	AC	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 11.0	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	HP	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	EER = 11.0 COP = 3.3	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	HP	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 10.8 COP = 3.3	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	AC	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	EER = 11.0	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	AC	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 10.8	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	HP	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	EER = 10.6 COP = 3.2	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	HP	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 10.4 COP = 3.2	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <300,000 Btu/h	AC	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	EER = 10.0	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <300,000 Btu/h	AC	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 9.8	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <300,000 Btu/h	HP	Electric Resistance Heating or No Heating	EER = 9.5 COP = 3.2	January 1, 2010.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <300,000 Btu/h	HP	All Other Types of Heating	EER = 9.3 COP = 3.2	January 1, 2010.

¹ See section 3 of appendix A to this subpart for the test conditions upon which the COP standards are based.

(c) Each water-source heat pump manufactured starting on the compliance date listed in table 5 to this paragraph (c) must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (c).

Table 5 to Paragraph (c) -Minimum Efficiency Standards for Water-Source Heat Pumps (Water-to-Air, Water-Loop)

Cooling capacity	Minimum efficiency	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Water-Source Heat Pumps (Water-to-Air, Water-Loop)
<17,000 Btu/h	EER = 12.2 COP = 4.3	October 9, 2015.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]17,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	EER = 13.0 COP = 4.3	October 9, 2015.
[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	EER = 13.0 COP = 4.3	October 9, 2015.

(d) Each non-standard size packaged terminal air conditioner (PTAC) and packaged terminal heat pump (PTHP) manufactured on or after October 7, 2010, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 6 to this paragraph (d). Each standard size PTAC manufactured on or after October 8, 2012, and before January 1, 2017, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 6. Each standard size PTHP manufactured on or after October 8, 2012, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 6. Each standard size PTAC manufactured on or after January 1, 2017, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in table 7 to this paragraph (d).

Table 6 to Paragraph (d) -Minimum Efficiency Standards for PTAC and PTHP

Equipment type	Category	Cooling capacity	Efficiency level	Compliance date: products manufactured on and after . . .
PTAC	Standard Size	<7,000 Btu/h	EER = 11.7	October 8, 2012.²
		[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]7,000 Btu/h and [LESS THAN EQUAL TO]15,000 Btu/h	EER = 13.8-(0.3 * Cap ¹ )	October 8, 2012.²
		>15,000 Btu/h	EER = 9.3	October 8, 2012.²
	Non-Standard Size	<7,000 Btu/h	EER = 9.4	October 7, 2010.
		[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]7,000 Btu/h and [LESS THAN EQUAL TO]15,000 Btu/h	EER = 10.9-(0.213 * Cap ¹ )	October 7, 2010.
		>15,000 Btu/h	EER = 7.7	October 7, 2010.
PTHP	Standard Size	<7,000 Btu/h	EER = 11.9 COP = 3.3	October 8, 2012.
		[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]7,000 Btu/h and [LESS THAN EQUAL TO]15,000 Btu/h	EER = 14.0-(0.3 * Cap ¹ ) COP = 3.7-(0.052 * Cap ¹ )	October 8, 2012.
		>15,000 Btu/h	EER = 9.5 COP = 2.9	October 8, 2012.
	Non-Standard Size	<7,000 Btu/h	EER = 9.3 COP = 2.7	October 7, 2010.
		[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]7,000 Btu/h and [LESS THAN EQUAL TO]15,000 Btu/h	EER = 10.8-(0.213 * Cap ¹ ) COP = 2.9-(0.026 * Cap ¹ )	October 7, 2010.
		>15,000 Btu/h	EER = 7.6 COP = 2.5	October 7, 2010.

¹ "Cap" means cooling capacity in thousand Btu/h at 95 °F outdoor dry-bulb temperature.

² And manufactured before January 1, 2017. See table 7 to this paragraph (d) for updated efficiency standards that apply to this category of equipment manufactured on and after January 1, 2017.

Table 7 to Paragraph (d) -Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for PTAC

Equipment type	Category	Cooling capacity	Efficiency level	Compliance date: products manufactured on and after . . .
PTAC	Standard Size	<7,000 Btu/h	EER = 11.9	January 1, 2017.
		[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]7,000 Btu/h and [LESS THAN EQUAL TO]15,000 Btu/h	EER = 14.0-(0.3 * Cap ¹ )	January 1, 2017.
		>15,000 Btu/h	EER = 9.5	January 1, 2017.

¹ "Cap" means cooling capacity in thousand Btu/h at 95 °F outdoor dry-bulb temperature.

(e)

(1) Each single package vertical air conditioner and single package vertical heat pump manufactured on or after January 1, 2010, but before October 9, 2015 (for models [GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h), or October 9, 2016 (for models [GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h), must meet the applicable minimum energy conservation standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (e)(1).

Table 8 to Paragraph (e)(1) -Minimum Efficiency Standards for Single Package Vertical Air Conditioners and Single Package Vertical Heat Pumps

Equipment type	Cooling capacity	Sub-category	Efficiency level	Compliance date: products manufactured on and after . . .
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, single-phase and three-phase	<65,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 9.0 EER = 9.0 COP = 3.0	January 1, 2010. January 1, 2010.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 8.9 EER = 8.9 COP = 3.0	January 1, 2010. January 1, 2010.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 8.6 EER = 8.6 COP = 2.9	January 1, 2010. January 1, 2010.

(2) Each single package vertical air conditioner and single package vertical heat pump manufactured on and after October 9, 2015 (for models [GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h), or October 9, 2016 (for models [GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h), but before September 23, 2019, must meet the applicable minimum energy conservation standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (e)(2).

Table 9 to Paragraph (e) (2)-Minimum Efficiency Standards for Single Package Vertical Air Conditioners and Single Package Vertical Heat Pumps

Equipment type	Cooling capacity	Sub-category	Efficiency level	Compliance date: products manufactured on and after . . .
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, single-phase and three-phase	<65,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 9.0 EER = 9.0 COP = 3.0	January 1, 2010. January 1, 2010.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 10.0 EER = 10.0 COP = 3.0	October 9, 2015. October 9, 2015.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 10.0 EER = 10.0 COP = 3.0	October 9, 2016. October 9, 2016.

(3) Each single package vertical air conditioner and single package vertical heat pump manufactured on and after September 23, 2019, must meet the applicable minimum energy conservation standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (e)(3).

Table 10 to Paragraph (e) (3)-Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Single Package Vertical Air Conditioners and Single Package Vertical Heat Pumps

Equipment type	Cooling capacity	Sub-category	Efficiency level	Compliance date: products manufactured on and after . . .
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps, single-phase and three-phase	<65,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 11.0 EER = 11.0 COP = 3.3	September 23, 2019. September 23, 2019.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 10.0 EER = 10.0 COP = 3.0	October 9, 2015. October 9, 2015.
Single package vertical air conditioners and single package vertical heat pumps	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	AC HP	EER = 10.0 EER = 10.0 COP = 3.0	October 9, 2016. October 9, 2016.

(f)

(1) Each computer room air conditioner with a net sensible cooling capacity less than 65,000 Btu/h manufactured on or after October 29, 2012, and before May 28, 2024 and each computer room air conditioner with a net sensible cooling capacity greater than or equal to 65,000 Btu/h and less than 760,000 Btu/h manufactured on or after October 29, 2013, and before May 28, 2024, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (f)(1).

Table 11 to Paragraph (f) (1)-Minimum Efficiency Standards for Computer Room Air Conditioners

Equipment type	Net sensible cooling capacity	Minimum SCOP efficiency
Equipment type	Net sensible cooling capacity	Downflow	Upflow
Air-Cooled	<65,000 Btu/h	2.20	2.09
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.10	1.99
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.90	1.79
Water-Cooled	<65,000 Btu/h	2.60	2.49
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.50	2.39
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.40	2.29
Water-Cooled with Fluid Economizer	<65,000 Btu/h	2.55	2.44
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.45	2.34
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.35	2.24
Glycol-Cooled	<65,000 Btu/h	2.50	2.39
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.15	2.04
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.10	1.99
Glycol-Cooled with Fluid Economizer	<65,000 Btu/h	2.45	2.34
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.10	1.99
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.05	1.94

(2) Each computer room air conditioner manufactured on or after May 28, 2024, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (f)(2).

Table 12 to Paragraph (f) (2)-Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Floor-Mounted Computer Room Air Conditioners

Equipment type	Downflow and upflow ducted			Upflow non-ducted and horizontal flow
	Net sensible cooling capacity	Minimum NSenCOP efficiency		Net sensible cooling capacity	Minimum NSenCOP efficiency
	Net sensible cooling capacity	Downflow	Upflow ducted	Net sensible cooling capacity	Upflow non-ducted	Horizontal flow
Air-Cooled	<80,000 Btu/h	2.70	2.67	<65,000 Btu/h	2.16	2.65
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h	2.58	2.55	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.04	2.55
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h	2.36	2.33	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.89	2.47
Air-Cooled with Fluid Economizer	<80,000 Btu/h	2.70	2.67	<65,000 Btu/h	2.09	2.65
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h	2.58	2.55	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	1.99	2.55
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h	2.36	2.33	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.81	2.47
Water-Cooled	<80,000 Btu/h	2.82	2.79	<65,000 Btu/h	2.43	2.79
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h	2.73	2.70	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.32	2.68
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h	2.67	2.64	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.20	2.60
Water-Cooled with Fluid Economizer	<80,000 Btu/h	2.77	2.74	<65,000 Btu/h	2.35	2.71
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h	2.68	2.65	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	2.24	2.60
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h	2.61	2.58	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.12	2.54
Glycol-Cooled	<80,000 Btu/h	2.56	2.53	<65,000 Btu/h	2.08	2.48
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h	2.24	2.21	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	1.90	2.18
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h	2.21	2.18	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.81	2.18
Glycol-Cooled with Fluid Economizer	<80,000 Btu/h	2.51	2.48	<65,000 Btu/h	2.00	2.44
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]80,000 Btu/h and <295,000 Btu/h	2.19	2.16	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	1.82	2.10
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]295,000 Btu/h and <930,000 Btu/h	2.15	2.12	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.73	2.10

Table 13 to Paragraph (f) (2)-Minimum Efficiency Standards for Ceiling-Mounted Computer Room Air Conditioners

Equipment type	Net sensible cooling capacity	Minimum NSenCOP efficiency
Equipment type	Net sensible cooling capacity	Ducted	Non-ducted
Air-Cooled with Free Air Discharge Condenser	<29,000 Btu/h	2.05	2.08

	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	2.02	2.05
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.92	1.94
Air-Cooled with Free Air Discharge Condenser and Fluid Economizer	<29,000 Btu/h	2.01	2.04
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	1.97	2
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.87	1.89
Air-Cooled with Ducted Condenser	<29,000 Btu/h	1.86	1.89
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	1.83	1.86
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.73	1.75
Air-Cooled with Fluid Economizer and Ducted Condenser	<29,000 Btu/h	1.82	1.85
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	1.78	1.81
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.68	1.7
Water-Cooled	<29,000 Btu/h	2.38	2.41
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	2.28	2.31
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.18	2.2
Water-Cooled with Fluid Economizer	<29,000 Btu/h	2.33	2.36
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	2.23	2.26
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	2.13	2.16
Glycol-Cooled	<29,000 Btu/h	1.97	2
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	1.93	1.98
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.78	1.81
Glycol-Cooled with Fluid Economizer	<29,000 Btu/h	1.92	1.95
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]29,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	1.88	1.93
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	1.73	1.76

(g)

(1) Each variable refrigerant flow air conditioner or heat pump manufactured on or after the compliance date listed in table 14 to this paragraph (g)(1) and prior to January 1, 2024, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (g)(1).

Table 14 to Paragraph (g) (1)-Minimum Efficiency Standards for Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

Equipment type	Cooling capacity	Heating type ¹	Efficiency level	Compliance date: equipment manufactured on and after . . .
VRF Multi-Split Air Conditioners (Air-Cooled)	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	11.2 EER	January 1, 2010.
		All Other Types of Heating	11.0 EER	January 1, 2010.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	11.0 EER	January 1, 2010.
		All Other Types of Heating	10.8 EER	January 1, 2010.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	10.0 EER	January 1, 2010.
		All Other Types of Heating	9.8 EER	January 1, 2010.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Air-Cooled)	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	11.0 EER, 3.3 COP	January 1, 2010.
		All Other Types of Heating	10.8 EER, 3.3 COP	January 1, 2010.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <240,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	10.6 EER, 3.2 COP	January 1, 2010.
		All Other Types of Heating	10.4 EER, 3.2 COP	January 1, 2010.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating	9.5 EER, 3.2 COP	January 1, 2010.
		All Other Types of Heating	9.3 EER, 3.2 COP	January 1, 2010.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Water-Source)	<17,000 Btu/h	Without Heat Recovery	12.0 EER, 4.2 COP	October 29, 2012. October 29, 2003.
		With Heat Recovery	11.8 EER, 4.2 COP	October 29, 2012. October 29, 2003.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]17,000 Btu/h and <65,000 Btu/h	All.	12.0 EER, 4.2 COP	October 29, 2003.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 Btu/h and <135,000 Btu/h	All.	12.0 EER, 4.2 COP	October 29, 2003.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	Without Heat Recovery	10.0 EER, 3.9 COP	October 29, 2013.

		With Heat Recovery	9.8 EER, 3.9 COP	October 29, 2013.

¹ VRF multi-split heat pumps (air-cooled) with heat recovery fall under the category of "All Other Types of Heating" unless they also have electric resistance heating, in which case it falls under the category for "No Heating or Electric Resistance Heating."

(2) Each variable refrigerant flow air conditioner or heat pump (except air-cooled systems with cooling capacity less than 65,000 Btu/h) manufactured on or after January 1, 2024, must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (g)(2).

Table 15 to Paragraph ( g )(2)-Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps

Equipment type	Size category	Heating type	Minimum efficiency
VRF Multi-Split Air Conditioners (Air-Cooled)	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 and <135,000 Btu/h	All	15.5 IEER.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 and <240,000 Btu/h	All	14.9 IEER.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	All	13.9 IEER.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Air-Cooled)	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 and <135,000 Btu/h	Heat Pump without Heat Recovery	14.6 IEER, 3.3 COP.
		Heat Pump with Heat Recovery	14.4 IEER, 3.3 COP.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 and <240,000 Btu/h	Heat Pump without Heat Recovery Heat Pump with Heat Recovery	13.9 IEER, 3.2 COP. 13.7 IEER, 3.2 COP.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	Heat Pump without Heat Recovery Heat Pump with Heat Recovery	12.7 IEER, 3.2 COP. 12.5 IEER, 3.2 COP.
VRF Multi-Split Heat Pumps (Water-Source)	<65,000 Btu/h	Heat Pump without Heat Recovery Heat Pump with Heat Recovery	16.0 IEER, 4.3 COP. 15.8 IEER, 4.3 COP.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]65,000 and <135,000 Btu/h	Heat Pump without Heat Recovery Heat Pump with Heat Recovery	16.0 IEER, 4.3 COP. 15.8 IEER, 4.3 COP.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]135,000 and <240,000 Btu/h	Heat Pump without Heat Recovery Heat Pump with Heat Recovery	14.0 IEER, 4.0 COP. 13.8 IEER, 4.0 COP.
	[GREATER THAN EQUAL TO]240,000 Btu/h and <760,000 Btu/h	Heat Pump without Heat Recovery Heat Pump with Heat Recovery	12.0 IEER, 3.9 COP. 11.8 IEER, 3.9 COP.

(h) Each direct expansion-dedicated outdoor air system manufactured on or after the compliance date listed in table 16 to this paragraph (h) must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (h).

Table 16 to Paragraph (h)-Minimum Efficiency Standards for Direct Expansion-Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems

Equipment Category	Subcategory	Efficiency level	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Direct expansion-dedicated outdoor air systems	(AC)-Air-cooled without ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 3.8	May 1, 2024.
	(AC w/VERS)-Air-cooled with ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 5.0	May 1, 2024.
	(ASHP)-Air-source heat pumps without ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 3.8 ISCOP2 = 2.05	May 1, 2024.
	(ASHP w/VERS)-Air-source heat pumps with ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 5.0 ISCOP2 = 3.20	May 1, 2024.
	(WC)-Water-cooled without ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 4.7	May 1, 2024.
	(WC w/VERS)-Water-cooled with ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 5.1	May 1, 2024.

	(WSHP)-Water-source heat pumps without ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 3.8 ISCOP2 = 2.13	May 1, 2024.
	(WSHP w/VERS)-Water-source heat pumps with ventilation energy recovery systems	ISMRE2 = 4.6 ISCOP2 = 4.04	May 1, 2024.

(i) Air-cooled, three-phase, commercial package air conditioning and heating equipment with a cooling capacity of less than 65,000 Btu/h and air-cooled, three-phase variable refrigerant flow multi-split air conditioning and heating equipment with a cooling capacity of less than 65,000 Btu/h manufactured on or after the compliance date listed in tables 17 and 18 to this paragraph (i) must meet the applicable minimum energy efficiency standard level(s) set forth in this paragraph (i).

Table 17 to Paragraph (i)-Minimum Efficiency Standards for Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h and Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h

Equipment type	Cooling capacity	Subcategory	Minimum efficiency	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on . . .
Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment	<65,000 Btu/h	Split-System	13.0 SEER	June 16, 2008.¹
Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment	<65,000 Btu/h	Single-Package	14.0 SEER	January 1, 2017.¹
Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment	<65,000 Btu/h	Split-System	14.0 SEER 8.2 HSPF	January 1, 2017.¹
Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment	<65,000 Btu/h	Single-Package	14.0 SEER 8.0 HSPF	January 1, 2017.¹
VRF Air Conditioners	<65,000 Btu/h		13.0 SEER	June 16, 2008.¹
VRF Heat Pumps	<65,000 Btu/h		13.0 SEER 7.7 HSPF	June 16, 2008.¹

¹ And manufactured before January 1, 2025. For equipment manufactured on or after January 1, 2025, see table 18 to this paragraph (i) for updated efficiency standards.

Table 18 to Paragraph ( i )-Updated Minimum Efficiency Standards for Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h and Air-Cooled, Three-Phase, Small Variable Refrigerant Flow Multi-Split Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment With a Cooling Capacity of Less Than 65,000 Btu/h

Equipment type	Cooling capacity	Subcategory	Minimum efficiency	Compliance date: equipment manufactured starting on. . .
Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment	< 65,000 Btu/h	Split-System	13.4 SEER2	January 1, 2025.
Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment	< 65,000 Btu/h	Single-Package	13.4 SEER2	January 1, 2025.
Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment	< 65,000 Btu/h	Split-System	14.3 SEER2 7.5 HSPF2	January 1, 2025.
Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment	< 65,000 Btu/h	Single-Package	13.4 SEER2 6.7 HSPF2	January 1, 2025.
Space-Constrained Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment	[LESS THAN EQUAL TO] 30,000 Btu/h	Split-System	12.7 SEER2	January 1, 2025.
Space-Constrained Commercial Package Air Conditioning Equipment	[LESS THAN EQUAL TO] 30,000 Btu/h	Single-Package	13.9 SEER2	January 1, 2025.
Space-Constrained Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment	[LESS THAN EQUAL TO] 30,000 Btu/h	Split-System	13.9 SEER2 7.0 HSPF2	January 1, 2025.
Space-Constrained Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment	[LESS THAN EQUAL TO] 30,000 Btu/h	Single-Package	13.9 SEER2 6.7 HSPF2	January 1, 2025.
Small-Duct, High-Velocity Commercial Package Air Conditioning	< 65,000 Btu/h	Split-System	13.0 SEER2	January 1, 2025.
Small-Duct, High-Velocity Commercial Package Air Conditioning and Heating Equipment	< 65,000 Btu/h	Split-System	14.0 SEER2 6.9 HSPF2	January 1, 2025.
VRF Air Conditioners	< 65,000 Btu/h		13.4 SEER2	January 1, 2025.
VRF Heat Pumps	< 65,000 Btu/h		13.4 SEER2 7.5 HSPF2	January 1, 2025.

10 C.F.R. §431.97

77 FR 28991 , May 16, 2012, as amended at 77 FR 76830 , Dec. 31, 2012; 80 FR 42664 , July 17, 2015; 80 FR 43212 , July 21, 2015; 80 FR 56895 , Sept. 21, 2015; 80 FR 57500 , Sept. 23, 2015; 81 FR 2529 , Jan. 15, 2016; 81 FR 53907 , Aug. 15, 2016; 87 FR 65668 , Nov. 1, 2022; 88 FR 18992 , Mar. 30, 2023; 88 FR 36386 , 36425, June. 2, 2023

81 FR 2528 1/15/2016; 81 FR 53907, 8/15/2016; 87 FR 65668, 1/3/2023; 88 FR 18982, 5/30/2023; 88 FR 36386, 36425, 8/1/2023; 89 FR 44038, 8/5/2024