Cal. Code Regs. tit. 23 § 2601
"Active life" means the period during which wastes are being discharged to a waste management unit. The active life continues until final closure of the waste management unit has been initiated pursuant to Article 8 of this chapter. For surface impoundments, the active life includes any time when the impoundment contains liquid fluid, including waste and leachate.
"Affected medium" means any medium (e.g., ground water, surface water, or the unsaturated zone) that has been affected by a release from a waste management unit.
"Aquifer" means a geologic formation, group of formations, or part of a formation capable of yielding a significant amount of ground water to wells or springs.
"Attitude" means the orientation in space of a geologic structural feature or structural element position of a geologic bed, stratum, fracture, or surface relative to the horizontal.
"Background" means the concentrations or measures of constituents or indicator parameters in water or soil that has not been affected by waste constituents, or leachate from a the waste management unit being monitored.
"Background monitoring point" means a well, device, or location specified in the waste discharge requirements at which monitoring for background water quality or background soil quality is conducted.
"Background plot" means an area adjacent to a waste management unit used for land treatment that can reasonably be expected to have the same, or similar soil conditions as were present at the waste management unit prior to discharges of waste.
"Best management practices" means a practice, or combination of practices, that is the most effective and feasible means of controlling pollution generated by nonpoint sources for the attainment of water quality objectives.
"Capillary forces" means the adhesive force between liquids and solids which, in the case of ground water hydrology, causes soil-pore liquid to move in response to differences in matric potential. This effect causes water to rise from a saturated zone into the unsaturated zone, thereby creating a capillary fringe forces that cause ground water to rise above the surface of the saturated zone into the spaces between soil particles in the unsaturated zone.
"Classified waste management unit" means a waste management unit that has been classified by a regional board according to the provisions of Article 3 of this chapter.
"Closure" means termination of waste discharges at a waste management unit and operations necessary to prepare the closed unit for post-closure maintenance. Closure may be undertaken incrementally.
"Coefficient of variation" means the standard deviation divided by the mean. It is a statistical measure of the dispersion of individual samples relative to the mean value of the samples.
"Concentration limit" means the value for a constituent specified in the water quality protection standard including, but not limited to, values for concentration, temperature, pH, conductivity, and resistivity.
"Confined animal facility" means any place where cattle, calves, sheep, swine, horses, mules, goats, fowl, or other domestic animals are corralled, penned, tethered, or otherwise enclosed or held and where feeding is by means other than grazing.
"Constituent" means an element or compound which occurs in or is likely to be derived from waste discharged to the waste management unit or a component of waste which is detectable.
"Constituents of concern" means any waste constituents, reaction products, and hazardous constituents that are reasonably expected to be in or derived from waste contained in a waste management unit.
"Containment" means the use of waste management unit characteristics or installed systems and structures to prevent or restrict the release of waste constituents or leachate.
"Containment feature" means any feature, whether natural or artificial, used to contain waste constituents or leachate.
"Containment structure" means an artificial feature installed to contain waste constituents or leachate.
"Contaminated materials" means materials that contain waste constituents, or leachate.
"Control chart" means a graphical method for evaluating whether a process is or is not in a state of statistical control.
"Cover" means a membrane or earthen layer placed over the closed portion of a waste management unit.
"Cross-contamination" means a condition created when a drill hole, boring, or improperly-constructed well forms a pathway for fluid movement between a saturated zone which contains pollutants and a formerly separated saturated zone containing uncontaminated ground water.
"Cutoff wall" means a subsurface barrier to lateral fluid movement which extends from in-place natural geologic materials with the required permeability to ground surface.
"Decomposable waste" means waste which, under suitable natural conditions, can be transformed through biological and chemical processes into compounds which do not impair the quality of waters of the state. Incomplete decomposition, may result in some water quality degradation (e.g., hardness, taste, odor, etc.).
"Dedicated" means a waste management unit which is used exclusively for discharges of particular wastes.
"Dendritic" means a subdrain system that is arranged in a branching pattern.
"Dewatered sludge" means residual semi-solid waste from which free liquid has been evaporated, or otherwise removed.
"Discharger" means any person who discharges waste which could affect the quality of waters of the state, and includes any person who owns a waste management unit or who is responsible for the operation of a waste management unit. When referring to dischargers of hazardous waste, the terms "discharge" and "waste" in this definition have the same meaning as they would have under the definitions for these terms provided in section 66260.10 of Chapter 11 of Division 4.5 of Title 22, CCR, effective July 1, 1991.
"DTSC" means Department of Toxic Substances Control.
"Electrical conductivity" means the relative ability of water to conduct electrical current. It depends on the ion concentration of and can be used to approximate the total filterable residue (total dissolved solids) in the water.
"Excess exposure" means that, for an organism exposed to a release from a waste management unit, the combined effect of all hazardous constituents in the organism's environment is such that the organism will suffer some measureable adverse effect on health or reproductive success, which is partly or wholely attributable to the release.
"External hydrogeologic forces" means seasonal and other fluctuations in ground water levels, and any other hydraulic condition which could cause a change in the hydraulic stress on a containment structure.
"Facility" - See "Waste Management Facility."
"Facility wastewater" means all wastewater, from whatever source, produced at a confined animal facility.
"Floodplain" means the land area which is subject to flooding in any year from any source.
"Freeboard" means the vertical distance between the lowest point along the top of a surface impoundment dike, berm, levee, or other similar feature and the surface of the liquid contained therein.
"Free liquid" means liquid which readily separates from the solid portions of waste under ambient temperature and pressure. Free liquids are not present when a 100 milliliter representative sample of the waste can be completely retained in a standard 400 micron conical paint filter for 5 minutes without loss of any portion of the waste from the bottom of the filter (or an equivalent test approved by DTSC).
"Geologic materials" means in-place naturally occurring surface and subsurface rock and soil.
"Ground acceleration" means acceleration of earth particles caused by an earthquake.
"Ground rupture" means disruption of the ground surface due to an earthquake any structural disruption of the ground surface due to natural or man-made forces; e.g., faulting, landslides, subsidence.
"Ground water" means (for the purpose of this chapter) water below the land surface that is at or above atmospheric pressure.
"Grout curtain" means a subsurface barrier to fluid movement, installed by injecting grout mixtures (such as cement, silicates, synthetic resins, etc.) to fill and seal fractures in rock.
"Hazardous constituent" means a constituent identified in Appendix VIII to Chapter 11 of Division 4.5 of Title 22, CCR, or an element, chemical compound, or mixture of compounds which is a component of a waste or leachate and which has a physical or chemical property that causes the waste or leachate to be identified as a hazardous waste by the California Department of Toxic Substances Control.
"Hazardous waste" means any waste which, under Article 1, Chapter 11, Division 4.5 (§ 66261.3 et seq.) of Title 22 of this code, is required to be managed according to Division 4.5 of Title 22 of this code.
"Head" or "hydraulic head" means the pressure exerted by fluid on a given area. It is caused by the height of the fluid surface above the area.
"Holocene fault" means a fault which is or has been active during the last 11,000 years.
"Inactive mining waste management unit" means any area containing mining wastes which is located at a present or former mining or milling site, and where all mining operations and discharges of mining waste ended and have not been resumed for 5 years, or more.
"Independent sample" means an individual sample of a monitored medium, obtained from a given monitoring point, that:
In applying No. 1 above to ground water monitoring, the parcel of water of interest is the parcel of water that was in the well bore at the time of any previous sampling event.
"Indicator parameters" means measurable physical or chemical characteristics of water or soil-pore moisture which are used to detect the presence of waste constituents in water or soil-pore moisture, or the effects of waste constituents on waters of the state.
"Interim cover" means any cover other than the final cover. It includes daily cover and intermediate cover as defined in Title 14 of this code.
"Landfill" means a waste management unit at which waste is discharged in or on land for disposal. It does not include surface impoundment, or waste pile, land treatment, or soil amendments.
"Land treatment unit" or "land treatment facility" means a waste management unit at which liquid and solid waste is discharged to, or incorporated into, soil for degradation, transformation, or immobilization within the treatment zone. Such units are disposal units if the waste will remain after closure.
"Leachate" means any liquid fluid, formed by the drainage of liquids from waste or by the percolation or flow of liquid through waste. It includes any constituents extracted from the waste and dissolved or suspended in the fluid.
"Liner" means a continuous layer of natural or artificial material or a continuous membrane of artificial material installed beneath or on the sides of a waste management unit, which acts as a barrier to vertical or lateral fluid movement.
"Liquid waste" means any waste materials which are not spadable.
"Manure" means the accumulated moist animal excrement that does not undergo decomposition or drying as would occur on open grazing land or natural habitat. This definition shall include feces and urine which may be mixed with bedding materials, spilled feed, or soil.
"Maximum credible earthquake" means the maximum earthquake that appears capable of occurring under the presently known geologic framework. In determining the maximum credible earthquake, little regard is given to its probability of occurrence except that its likelihood of occurring is great enough to be of concern.
"Maximum probable earthquake" means the maximum earthquake that is likely to occur during a 100-year interval.
"Mining waste" means all waste materials (solid, semi-solid, and liquid) from the mining and processing of ores and minerals including soil, waste rock, and other forms of overburden as well as tailings, slag, and other processed mining wastes.
"Moisture-holding capacity" means the amount of liquid which can be held against gravity by waste materials without generating free liquid.
"Monitoring parameter" means one of the set of parameters specified in the waste discharge requirements for which monitoring is conducted. Monitoring parameters shall include physical parameters, waste constituents, reaction products, and hazardous constituents, that provide a reliable indication of a release from a waste management unit.
"Monitoring point" means a well, device, or location specified in the waste discharge requirements at which monitoring is conducted and at which the water quality protection standard applies.
"Operating" means waste management units which are currently receiving wastes. It includes temporarily idle units containing wastes and at which discharges of waste may resume.
"Peak stream flow" means the maximum expected flow of surface water at a waste management facility from a tributary watershed for a given recurrence interval.
"Perched ground water" means a body of unconfined ground water separated from the zone of saturation by a portion of the unsaturated zone. Such perched water may be either permanent or ephemeral.
"Permeability" means the ability of natural and artificial materials to transmit fluid.
"Physical parameter" means any measurable physical characteristic of a substance including, but not limited to, temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, and specific gravity.
"Point of compliance" means a vertical surface located at the hydraulically downgradient limit of a waste management unit that extends through the uppermost aquifer underlying the unit.
"Post-closure maintenance" means all activities undertaken at a closed waste management unit to maintain the integrity of containment features and to monitor compliance with applicable performance standards.
"Post-closure maintenance period" means the period after closure during which the waste could have an adverse effect on the quality of the waters of the state.
"Probable maximum precipitation" means the estimated amount of precipitation for a given duration, drainage area, and time of year, which approaches and approximates the maximum that is physically possible within the limits of contemporary hydrometeorological knowledge and techniques. These is virtually no risk of its being exceeded.
"P-value" means the smallest significance level for which the null hypothesis would be rejected, based on the data that was actually observed.
"Rapid geologic change" means alteration of the ground surface through such actions as landslides, subsidence, liquefaction, and faulting.
"R Chart (range chart)" means a control chart for evaluating the variability within a process in terms of the subgroup range R.
"Reconstruction" means modification to an existing waste management unit which entails costs amounting to 50 percent or more of the initial cost of the unit.
"Relative compaction" means the degree of compaction achieved, as a percentage of the laboratory compaction, in accordance with accepted civil engineering practices.
"Runoff" means any precipitation, leachate, or other liquid that drains from any part of a waste management unit.
"Runon" means any precipitation, leachate, or other liquid that drains onto any part of a waste management unit.
"Saturated zone" means an underground zone in which all openings in and between natural geologic materials are filled with water.
"Semi-solid waste" means waste containing less than 50 percent solids.
"Sensitive biological receptor of concern" means a member of any species of organism whose members are likely to be exposed to a release from a waste management unit and experience some measurable adverse effect as a result of that exposure.
"Slope failure" means downward and outward movement of ground slopes (e.g., natural rock, soil, artificial fills, or continuations of these materials).
"Sludge" means residual solids and semi-solids from the treatment of water, wastewater, and other liquids. It does not include liquid effluent discharged from such treatment processes.
"Soil-pore liquid" means the liquid contained in openings between particles of soil in the unsaturated zone.
"Sorbent" means a substance which takes up and holds a liquid either by absorption or adsorption.
"Statistically significant" means that the measured difference between a sample value (e.g., monitoring samples) and background values (or values set as water quality objectives, etc.) is greater than the difference that could be measured between various samples from substances known to have the same characteristics a statistical test has a p-value that is small enough for the null hypothesis to be rejected.
"Storage" means the holding of waste for a temporary period, at the end of which, the waste is either treated or is discharged elsewhere.
"Storm" means the maximum precipitation for a given duration that is expected during the given recurrence interval.
"Surface impoundment" means a waste management unit which is a natural topographic depression, excavation, or diked area, and which is designed to contain liquid wastes or wastes containing free liquids, and which is not an injection well.
"Tailings pond" means an excavated or diked area and which is intended to contain liquid and solid wastes from mining and milling operations.
"Transmissivity" means the rate at which water of the prevailing kinematic viscosity is transmitted through a unit width of the aquifer under a unit hydraulic gradient rate at which fluid will pass through a given area of the saturated zone.
"Treatment" means any method, technique, or process designed to change the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of waste so as to render it less harmful to the quality of the waters of the state, safer to handle, easier to contain or manage, including use as fuel, nutrient, or soil amendment.
"Treatment zone" means a soil area of the unsaturated zone of a land treatment unit within which constituents of concern are degraded, transformed, or immobilized.
"Underlying ground water," for the purposes of waste management unit siting criteria, includes water which rises above the saturated zone of saturation due to capillary forces.
"Unified Soil Classification System" means one of the several generally accepted methods for soil identification and classification for construction purposes presented in Geotechnical Branch Training Manuals No. 4, 5, and 6, published by the United States Bureau of Reclamation in January of 1986, which is hereby incorporated by reference (available from Bureau of Reclamation, Engineering and Research Center, Attention: Code D-7923-A, P.O. Box 25007, Denver, Colorado 80225).
"Unsaturated zone" means the underground zone in which not all openings in and between natural geologic material are filled with water. The zone may contain water and other liquids held by capillary forces, or percolating liquids between the ground surface and the regional water table or, in cases where the uppermost aquifer is confined, the zone between the ground surface and the top of the saturated portion of the confining layer.
"Uppermost aquifer" means the geologic formation nearest the natural ground surface that is an aquifer, as well as lower aquifers that are hydraulically interconnected with this aquifer.
"Waste constituent" means a constituent that is reasonably expected to be in or derived from waste contained in a waste management unit.
"Waste management facility" or "facility" means the entire parcel of property at which waste discharge operations are conducted. Such a facility may include one or more waste management units.
"Waste management unit" means an area of land, or a portion of a waste management facility, at which waste is discharged. The term includes containment features and ancillary features for precipitation and drainage control and monitoring.
"Waste pile" means a waste management unit at which only noncontainerized, bulk, dry solid waste is discharged and piled on the land surface.
"X Bar chart" means a control chart for evaluating the process level or subgroup differences in terms of the subgroup average.
"Zone of saturation" means the subsurface zone extending downward from the base of the unsaturated zone in which the interstices are filled with water under pressure that is equal to or greater than atmospheric pressure. Although the zone may contain gas-filled interstices or interstices filled with fluids other than water, it is still considered saturated.
Cal. Code Regs. Tit. 23, § 2601
2. Editorial correction of Appendix II (Register 95, No. 43).
3. Amendment of definitions of "Active life," "Classified waste management unit." "Constituent," "Free liquid," "Ground water" and "Hazardous constituent"; new definitions for "DTSC" and "Hazardous waste"; and repealer of Appendices II and III filed 6-18-97; operative 7-18-97 (Register 97, No. 25).
Note: Authority cited: Section 1058, Water Code, Reference: Section 13172, Water Code.
2. Editorial correction of Appendix II (Register 95, No. 43).
3. Amendment of definitions of "Active life," "Classified waste management unit." "Constituent," "Free liquid," "Ground water" and "Hazardous constituent"; new definitions for "DTSC" and "Hazardous waste"; and repealer of Appendices II and III filed 6-18-97; operative 7-18-97 (Register 97, No. 25).