016.14.08 Ark. Code R. 009
Current through Register Vol. 49, No. 10, October, 2024
Rule 016.14.08-009 - Policy 1098: Appeals and Hearings Procedures1098.0 APPEALS AND HEARINGS PROCEDURES1098.1 PolicyDepartment of Human Services (DHS) administrative adjudications are to be conducted impartially, timely, fairly, professionally, and objectively, and are to lead to decisions that are consistent with applicable state and federal laws.
1098.2 Definitions1098.2.1Administrative Adjudication: the process for the formulation of an order.1098.2.2APA: The Arkansas Administrative Procedure Act, beginning at Ark. Code Ann. § 25-15-201.1098.2.3Appellant: the party applying for DHS services or appealing DHS adverse action.1098.2.4Burden of Proof: The responsibility to establish a proposition by sufficient evidence. An appellant seeking to establish eligibility for DHS benefits or services has the burden of proving his or her eligibility. If the appeal challenges DHS adverse action, DHS has the burden of proving the facts necessary to support the adverse action.1098.2.5Conflict of Interest: a situation where, with respect to the claim or controversy before the hearing official, the official: A. has been a party or acted as an advocate for a party; orB. has a direct or indirect financial interest. A financial interest is indirect if it exists though the hearing official's spouse, child, parent, sibling, or grandparent, or through the hearing official's ownership or management interest in any entity having a financial interest.1098.2.6DHS: the Department of Human Services.1098.2.7Process Procedures: procedures assuring that appellants have notice of the denial or other action, notice of the administrative adjudication proceedings, and an opportunity during those proceedings to appear, be represented, be heard, offer evidence and arguments, and call and cross examine witnesses.1098.2.8Financial Interest: more than a remote possibility of a gain or loss resulting from the outcome of the claim or controversy.1098.2.9Good Cause: Substantial reason, that which a reasonably prudent and intelligent person would find justifiable.1098.2.10Hearing Official: an administrative law judge or hearing officer employed by the Office of Administrative Hearings (OAH).1098.2.11Impartiality: the absence of bias or prejudice or the appearance of bias or prejudice, in the hearing official's application of the agency's special knowledge and expertise to the issues under consideration. An appearance of bias or prejudice exists if any party has reasonable cause to question the hearing official's impartiality.1098.2.12OAH: the Office of Appeals and Hearings of the Department of Human Services.1098.2.13Order: a final agency determination that may be appealed to a circuit court under the APA.1098.2.14Party: the person asking for the administrative adjudication, and the DHS division or office, acting through its employees, which made the decision or took the action being appealed.1098.2.15Reasonable Cause: circumstances sufficiently strong to warrant a cautious person's belief that an allegation is true.1098.2.16Recusal: an order disqualifying the hearing official from hearing the appeal.1098.2.17Relevant Evidence: evidence tending to make the existence of any fact that is of consequence to the administrative adjudication more probable or less probable than it would be without the evidence.1098.2.18Representative: a person selected by a party to present that party's statements, arguments, and evidence during the administrative adjudication process. A corporation or association cannot be a representative.1098.3 Right to Administrative Adjudication: Unless a different administrative remedy is provided by statute, regulation, or rule, any person denied DHS assistance, and any person entitled by state or federal law or rule to appeal an adverse DHS action, may initiate an administrative adjudication by submitting a written appeal in compliance with the requirements applicable to the assistance denied or adverse action taken.1098.4 Notice of Representative: Appellants who intend to be represented at any stage of an adjudication must notify OAH of the name, address, and telephone number of the representative as soon as possible, and at least ten business days before any hearing. Appellants who fail to comply with this requirement must choose to: (1) proceed without representation; or (2) request that the hearing be delayed to afford the agency at least ten business days to secure representation, if the request includes a waiver of any timeframe that is inconsistent with the delay.1098.5 Interpreters: If any party requires an interpreter, due to hearing impairment or an inability to communicate in the English language, the party must notify OAH of the need for an interpreter at least ten business days before a hearing. OAH will immediately direct DHS to secure the services of an interpreter. If the party requiring an interpreter does not furnish timely notice of the need for an interpreter, the hearing will be rescheduled. If the new schedule fails to comply with any applicable timeframe, the party requiring an interpreter will be deemed to have waived that timeframe.1098.6 Timeframes: Most DHS programs have time limitations for the completion of administrative adjudications. Timeframes are the bases for hearing schedules. Failure to meet a timeframe does not deprive OAH of jurisdiction to administratively adjudicate the appeal, but may be the basis for one or more orders directing parties to take certain actions in a timely manner, and may warrant sanctions against parties that fail to follow OAH orders.1098.7 Resolution without a Hearing: There are four ways to end an administrative adjudication without a hearing:1098.7.1 DHS withdraws the adverse action on the record at the hearing or in writing before the hearing1098.7.2 The appellant withdraws the appeal request on the record at the hearing or in writing before the hearing1098.7.3 The parties reach a mutually agreeable resolution of the appeal and file written notice of settlement explaining the terms of the settlement; or1098.7.4 OAH dismisses the appeal as defective.1098.8 Hearings1098.8.1Special Types of HearingA. Special Nutrition Program: See Family Day Care Home (FDCH)-3.B. Medical Necessity/ Medical Disability Decisions:1. The hearing official will notify the appellant in writing that if the appellant has evidence regarding the initial application and asserted disability, the appellant must provide the information to the hearing official or complete a "Consent for Release of Information" form as soon as possible and before the hearing.2. The hearing will not be delayed for failure to submit additional evidence.3. Evidence presented to the hearing official will be limited to evidence of eligibility as of the date of denial by DHS. The hearing official will refuse evidence about subsequent medical necessity/disability and advise the applicant to submit a new application to DHS.4. A physician employed by DHS to review denials will be available by phone for the hearing if requested or subpoenaed by any party.5. The hearing official will hear medical and non-medical evidence regarding eligibility. The hearing official will make the final decision regarding eligibility.1098.8.2Hearing Officials: Each hearing official must act impartially. A. Hearing officials must not have communication with any party to an administrative adjudication if any other party is excluded from the communication, except that the following communications are acceptable:1. Communication necessary to schedule hearings and the submission of exhibits and arguments; or2. Communication necessary to identify, without comment or argument, any exhibits or documents being delivered to OAH.B. Conflict of Interest: 1. Any hearing official having a conflict of interest must notify the OAH Managing Administrative Law Judge immediately upon discovering a conflict of interest, and must not take any further action regarding the claim or controversy.2. A hearing official must recuse if the hearing officer has personal knowledge of the facts of the case or has a conflict of interest.3. A hearing official should recuse if any party has reasonable cause to suspect that the hearing officer may not be impartial.1098.8.3Attendance: Administrative adjudications are public proceedings, and are open to the public subject to state and federal confidentiality laws and rules. An appellant may waive his or her right to confidentiality, but may not waive another's right to confidentiality. For example, an appellant may not waive an alleged child victim's right to confidentiality in a child maltreatment case; may not waive a nursing home resident's right to confidentiality in an adult abuse or neglect case; and may not waive a child's right to confidentiality in a Special Nutrition case.A. The hearing official may determine that a party is physically or mentally unable to attend or participate, or that the party's presence will so disrupt the proceedings that the adjudication cannot continue in an orderly fashion unless the party is excluded. Party representatives may be present at all stages of the proceedings unless the hearing official determines that a representative's presence will so disrupt the proceedings that the adjudication cannot continue in an orderly fashion unless the representative is excluded.B. Interpreters may be present when necessary to facilitate communication before and during a hearing. Interpreters shall be placed under oath before interpreting testimony. The following oath is suggested: "Do you solemnly affirm that you will truthfully and accurately interpret all questions and answers?"C. Witnesses may be present unless: (i) any party has asked that the witnesses be excluded except while testifying; or (ii) the evidence is confidential by state or federal law or rule, and disclosing the evidence to a non-testifying witness would violate that confidentiality. If witnesses are excluded from the hearing, the witnesses shall be instructed that until a witness is released, that witness must not discuss the evidence with another witness, and must not discuss any other witness's testimony with anyone.D. Observers will be excluded if the evidence to be presented is confidential under state or federal law or rule, and disclosing the evidence to the observer would violate that state or federal law or rule.E. News media: Persons representing the news media will be excluded if the evidence to be presented is confidential under state or federal law or rule, and disclosing the evidence to the observer would violate that state or federal law or rule.1098.8.4Opening and Closing Statements: Each party may be given an opportunity to make an opening and closing statement, limited to ten minutes unless the issues are so complex that the hearing official determines that more time is required to adequately explain the parties' contentions.1098.8.5Questions Allowed: Questioners may ask only one question at a time. Questions may not take the form of statements or contentions, and must not be asked in such a way as to bully or intimidate a witness.1098.8.6Newly acquired evidence:A. Admissible evidence that was not submitted to the person or persons who made the decision under appeal may be admitted in appeals under Ark. Code Ann. § 12-12-512 or § 5-28-211. Newly acquired evidence may be admitted in other appeals only if the evidence:1. concerns events or circumstances predating the application, request, or decision under appeal; and2. could not have been obtained by the party offering the evidence despite that party's due diligence in acquiring evidence.B. If the hearing official determines that newly acquired evidence is admissible, the hearing official shall return the case to the decision-maker so that the newly acquired evidence may be considered, or shall determine that there is good cause not to return the case. Each good cause finding and the reasons therefore shall be stated in the findings of fact and conclusions of law.1098.8.7Allowing additional evidence after the hearing: If a request to receive additional identified and specifically described evidence is made at the hearing, OAH may for good cause hold the hearing record open for a specified period of time to receive additional admissible and relevant evidence that will assist the hearing official in deciding the case.1098.9 Commencement of Administrative Adjudication1098.9.1 Each appeal shall begin with the filing of a written notice of appeal in the time and manner specified for the subject matter of the appeal.1098.9.2 Upon receipt of a sufficient and timely notice of appeal, the OAH shall assign a number to the appeal, schedule the appeal for a hearing within the applicable timeframe, and mail written notice of the time, date, and place of the appeal to the parties by regular mail posted at least thirteen days before the date of the hearing. DHS parties may be notified by interdepartmental mail or by DHS E-mail. Notice is presumptively complete upon mailing or upon transmission by interdepartmental mail or DHS E-mail.1098.9.3 Upon receipt of an untimely notice of appeal OAH shall notify the appellant that the appeal was not filed in time. The notice shall be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, and shall inform the person that he or she may have a right under the APA to appeal OAH's determination of untimely filing.1098.9.4 Upon receipt of an appeal filed other than in the manner specified for the subject matter of the appeal, the OAH shall inform the appellant that the appeal was defective, and explain the defect. The notice shall be sent by certified mail, return receipt requested, and shall inform the appellant that he or she may have a right under the APA to appeal OAH's determination that the appeal was defective.1098.10 Discovery: Discovery is the process whereby one party requests documents from the other party, submits written interrogatories to the other party, or takes witness depositions by phone or in person. If one or more parties want to have discovery, the parties are encouraged to agree informally on discovery procedures. If the parties cannot agree, any party may ask the hearing official to enter a discovery order. All discovery orders will be guided generally by the Arkansas Rules of Civil Procedure regarding discovery, except as necessary to meet timeframes or otherwise fit the administrative adjudication process.1098.11 Securing the Attendance of Witnesses: Witnesses may appear voluntarily or involuntarily if properly served with a subpoena. Subpoenas direct the witness to appear and give testimony at a specified time and place, and also may direct the witness to bring documents. To obtain a witness subpoena, parties must follow the instructions on the attached subpoena request form. OAH must receive each subpoena request at least ten business days before the hearing. Each party is responsible for serving (delivering) each subpoena in accordance with Rule 45 of the Arkansas Rules of Civil Procedure.1098.12 Postponements: Any party may request that a hearing be rescheduled to a later date. Requests should be made in writing and delivered to OAH and all other parties. Verbal requests must be followed by a written request mailed or faxed no later than one business day after the verbal request. Except in cases of actual emergency, all postponement requests must be received at least ten days before a hearing. OAH shall deny DHS postponement requests that are incompatible with appeal timeframes. OAH may for good cause grant other postponement requests. Any postponement order that is incompatible with appeal timeframes shall notify the party requesting the continuance that his or her request is deemed a waiver of any objections, defenses, or both based on timeframes.1098.13 Location of Hearings: Hearings may be held in the OAH office at 7l and Main Streets n Little Rock, Arkansas, in the county office in the county where the appellant resides, by telephone, or by videoconference.1098.14 Failure to appear: Regardless of whether the appellant is represented, the appellant must appear in person for all hearings regarding program eligibility or program services, or show good cause why he or she cannot be present. If any party fails to appear (either in person or by telephone) within fifteen minutes after the hearing was scheduled to begin, OAH will confirm that the party had proper notice of the hearing and will attempt to contact the absent party. The hearing official may allow an additional fifteen minutes before beginning the hearing. When the hearing begins, the hearing official will identify for the record any party not present in person or by telephone. If the appellant does not appear, the appeal shall be deemed abandoned, subject to reopening on a showing hat the appellant exercised due diligence but was unable to appear due to circumstances beyond the appellant's control. If the agency does not appear, the hearing official may proceed with the hearing and may consider any hearing statements or other documents submitted by the agency.1098.15 Burden of Going Forward: When a hearing begins, the burden of going forward is on the party with the burden of proof. When that party has presented his or her evidence, the burden of going forward shifts to the other party. After that evidence is submitted, the party with the burden of proof may offer rebuttal evidence. For example, if a person named as a perpetrator of child maltreatment appeals the maltreatment finding, DHS has the burden of proof so it presents evidence first. The appellant then presents his or her evidence. After that, DHS may present rebuttal evidence. This process may continue until the party with the burden of proof decides to offer no more evidence.1098.16 Order of Witnesses: The party with the burden of proof goes first. Each party determines the order in which to call its own witnesses. The hearing official may direct, or the parties may agree, to take one or more witnesses out of turn, for example, to accommodate the witness's schedule or expedite the hearing process.1098.17 Record Made: OAH will tape record each hearing. If the OAH decision is appealed, OAH will prepare a transcript or cause a transcript to be prepared for filing in the circuit court as provided in the APA.1098.18 Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law: Each OAH decision will be in writing and will separately set out findings of fact, conclusions of law, and an order. OAH will furnish each party a copy of the findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order by mailing a copy to the party's last known address by certified mail, return receipt requested.1098.19 Reconsideration: Within ten calendar days of a party's receipt of the findings of fact, conclusions of law, and the order, any party may request reconsideration. Simultaneous to a request for reconsideration, the party shall notify the opposing party of the request.
1098.20 Grounds for Reconsideration: Reconsideration is for the limited purposes of correcting material misstatements of the record, clear errors of law, or both. Each request for reconsideration must state in plain terms the grounds upon which the requestor relies. OAH shall summarily deny any reconsideration that asks OAH to receive additional evidence, exercise its discretion differently, or modify or reverse any finding, conclusion, or order for any reason other than correcting material misstatements of the record, clear errors of law, or both.1098.21Reconsideration Process: Any party requesting reconsideration shall provide to OAH proof of notice to the opposing party. The opposing party shall have ten calendar days from the receipt of the notice to respond to the request. If necessary, OAH may reconvene both parties for argument on the request for reconsideration and shall notify both parties of a reconsideration conference.1098.22Reconsideration Decision: If OAH determines that there are good and sufficient grounds for reconsideration, it shall amend the findings of fact, conclusions of law, and decision as necessary to correct any material misstatement of the record, clear error of law, or both. OAH shall issue any amended findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order within thirty calendar days of receiving the reconsideration request, unless the period for the reconsideration decision is waived. The amended findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order shall be the final agency determination as provided in the APA. OAH shall furnish copies of the amended findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order to the parties as provided in 1098.18.1098.23 Final Agency Determination: If OAH does not receive a written request for reconsideration within ten calendar days of a party's receipt of the initial findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order, the initial findings of fact, conclusions of law, and order shall become the final agency determination as provided in the APA.016.14.08 Ark. Code R. 009