Walgreen Co.

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Feb 15, 1972

195 N.L.R.B. 405 (N.L.R.B. 1972)

WALGREEN COMPANY
Walgreen Company and Retail Clerks Union, Local
1352, Retail Clerks' International Association,
AFL-CIO. Case 20-CA-6587
February 15, 1972
DECISION AND ORDER
BY MEMBERS FANNING, JENKINS, AND KENNEDY
On October 13, 1971, Trial Examiner James R.
Hemingway issued the attached Decision in this pro-
ceeding. Thereafter, the General Counsel and the
Charging Party filed exceptions and supporting briefs,
the Respondent filed cross-exceptions, a brief in sup-
port thereof, and an answering brief to General Coun-
sel's and Charging Party's exceptions.'
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 3(b) of the
National Labor Relations Act, as amended, the Na-
tional Labor Relations Board has delegated its au-
thority in this proceeding to a three-member panel.
The Board has considered the record and the Trial
Examiner's Decision in light of the exceptions and
briefs and has decided to affirm the Trial Examiner's
rulings, findings, and conclusions and to adopt his
recommended Order.
ORDER
Pursuant to Section 10(c) of the National Labor Re-
lations Act, as amended, the National Labor Relations
Board adopts as its Order the recommended Order of
the Trial Examiner and hereby orders that the com-
plaint issued herein be dismissed in its entirety.
' The Charging Party in addition filed a Motion to Supplement the
Record and the Respondent filed a Motion to Deny In view of the fact that
the Charging Party by its motion seeks to place in the record as evidence
posthearing signed affidavits and authorization cards which have no bearing
on the issues presented at the hearing, the motion is hereby dented
TRIAL EXAMINER'S DECISION
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
JAMES R. HEMINGWAY, Trial Examiner: This case was
heard at Santa Rosa, California, on August 31, 1971.' The
charge was filed on February 16, and the complaint was
issued on June 28. The sole issue is whether or not the Re-
spondent violated Section 8(a)(5) of the Act when it refused
to bargain collectively with the Union, where, after an elec-
tion involving both professional and nonprofessional em-
ployees in a single unit, at which it was obvious from the
different colored ballots of the professionals that they had
voted for the Union, and after it was determined administra-
tively that the Union had lost the election, the Union then
requested the Respondent to recognize it as bargaining repre-
sentative of the professional employees alone.
Briefs were received from each of the three parties on
October 4, 1971, and have been considered. Upon the entire
record, including the testimony of the sole witness, I make the
following:
' All dates are in 1971
FINDINGS OF FACT
I JURISDICTION
405
The complaint alleges and the answer admits that Re-
spondent, an Illinois corporation, with a place of business at
Petaluma, California, and at other locations throughout the
United States, is engaged in the retail sale of drugs and sun-
dries; that during the year preceding the issuance of the com-
plaint, Respondent, in the course and conduct of its business
operations, had gross sales in excess of $500,000; and that
during the same year, Respondent, in the course and conduct
of its business operations, purchased and received goods and
materials valued in excess of $50,000 directly from suppliers
located outside the State of California.
On the foregoing facts, I find that the Board has jurisdic-
tion and that it will effectuate the policies of the Act to assert
jurisdiction in this case.
It ALLEGED UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
A The Refusal to Bargain
The parties stipulated to the following facts:
1. On November 20, 1970, the Charging Party, by letter to
the Respondent, demanded to be recognized as the exclusive
bargaining representative for all employees (excluding store
manager) employed at the Respondent's store located at 105
North McDowell Road, Petaluma, California
2. On November 23, 1970, the Respondent, by letter to the
Charging Party, declined to recognize the Charging Party
and expressed its willingness to resolve the question of the
Charging Party's majority status by means of a Board-super-
vised election.
3. On November 24, 1970, the Charging Party filed a peti-
tion for representation with the Regional Director for Region
20 of the National Labor Relations Board. In such petition,
the Charging Party claimed to represent all employees, in-
cluding pharmacists, at the Respondent's store located at 105
North McDowell Road, Petaluma, California. At that time
the matter became identified as Case 20-RC-9720.
4. On December 22, 1970, the Charging Party and the
Respondent entered into a stipulation for certification upon
a consent election agreement which was approved by the
Regional Director. Such stipulation, in addition to providing
for a polling of nonprofessional store employees, provided for
a polling of the two professional employees (pharmacists).
Such professional employees, in accordance with the terms of
the stipulation for certification upon consent election agree-
ment, would be asked to vote on two questions, to wit: (1) Do
you desire to be included with nonprofessional employees in
a single unit for collective bargaining? (2) Do you wish to be
represented by Retail Clerks' Union, Local 1532, RCIA,
AFL-CIO?
5. On January 20, 1971, a National Labor Relations Board
supervised election was conducted in Case 20-RC-9720 The
two professional employees unanimously voted to be included
for the purpose of collective bargaining in a single unit with
the nonprofessional store employees. In accordance with the
terms of the stipulation for certification upon a consent elec-
tion agreement, the votes of the two professional employees,
with respect to their desires relative to union representation,
were counted together with the votes of the nonprofessional
voting group. The combined votes of the professional voting
group and the nonprofessional voting group, with respect to
the question of union representation indicated, by a vote of
7 to 4, that no collective-bargaining representative had been
selected
195 NLRB No. 79
406 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
6. On January 28, 1971, the Regional Director for Region
20 issued a certification of results of election in Case 20-RC-
9720.
7. On February 1, 1971, the Charging Party by letter to the
Respondent, demanded that the Respondent recognize such
Charging Party as the exclusive bargaining agent for the two
professional employees employed at the Respondent's store
located at 105 North McDowell Road, Petaluma, California.
8. On February 5, 1971, the Respondent, by letter to the
Charging Party, declined to recognize the Charging Party as
the exclusive bargaining representative for any employees
employed by the Respondent in the store located at 105
North McDowell Road, Petaluma, California.
9. On February 16, 1971, the Charging Party filed a charge
with the National Labor Relations Board, alleging violations
of Section 8(a)(1) and 8(a)(5) of the National Labor Relations
Act, in the instant case.
10. On March 26, 1971, the Regional Director for Region
20 refused to issue a complaint in this case.
11. On April 7, 1971, the Charging Party appealed the
Regional Director's refusal to issue a complaint to the Gen-
eral Counsel for the National Labor Relations Board.
12. On June 21, 1971, the General Counsel sustained the
Charging Party's appeal and instructed the Regional Direc-
tor for Region 20 to issue a complaint in this case.
13. On June 28, 1971, the Regional Director for Region 20
issued the complaint in this case.
In addition to the foregoing stipulated facts, the General
Counsel offered the following evidence: At the election, the
two pharmacists were given blue (or green, but herein called
blue) ballots with two questions on each, the questions being
those stated in paragraph 4 of the stipulation hereinabove
related. The ballots of the rest of the employees were pink.
Following the aforesaid election, the Board agent removed
the ballots from the ballot box, separated the blue ones from
the pink ones, and then read off to the observers the results
of the voting, first on the two questions on the blue ballots,
and then on the one question on the remaining ballots. There
were present in the room not only the Board agent and the
two observers of the election, but also representatives of the
Union and the Respondent, who were standing in a doorway
observing the counting of the ballots. The observers signed
the tally of ballots. No evidence of any independent violation
of Section 8(a)(1) was presented. I find that the evidence
shows that the pharmacists voted to be included in a unit with
the nonprofessionals, that they voted in that unit for the
Union, and that Respondent knew these facts.
III ARGUMENTS AND CONCLUSIONS
The Respondent argues, in part, that to permit the General
Counsel and the Union to present evidence of majority by
proving what was on the pharmacists' ballots would be in
violation of the secrecy of the ballot required under Section
9(c)(1)(A) of the Act, citing J. Brenner & Sons, Inc., 154
NLRB 656 (n. 4 on page 659). The General Counsel counters
this argument by citing Triple J. Variety Drug Company, 168
NLRB 988, where the Board certified the results of an elec-
tion involving one pharmacist and a group of nonprofessional
employees. There the pharmacist refused to vote a different
colored ballot on the ground that, even if he voted for inclu-
sion in the larger unit, his vote on the second question on the
ballot would not be secret. His protest was without avail. His
unmarked ballot was required to be put in the ballot box. The
employer objected to the results of the election (a 13 to 12
vote in favor of the Union), but the Board overruled the
secrecy of the vote of the professional on the question of
whether or not he wished the union to represent him could
be assured by the use of two ballots rather than by the use of
one with two questions on it. But the Board apparently did
not thereafter adopt that suggestion; so the same, or a similar,
problem of nonsecrecy was presented here. However, since
the evidence shows that the Board agent had read out, in the
hearing of Respondent's representatives, the vote on each
ballot, including that on each blue ballot, since the observers
had an opportunity to see the ballots themselves, and had
certified the tally, the Respondent does not dispute the fact
that the two pharmacists in this case did vote for the Union.
It may be conceded, as the General Counsel and the Union
argue, that Section 9(c)(3) of the Act, which bars another
election within a year after the first one, would not preclude
a finding of a refusal to bargain upon request made after the
union which lost the election or another union , makes a new
showing of majority. The leading case in support of such
proposition is Conren, Inc. d/b/a Great Scot Supermarket,
156 NLRB 592.1 Of course, that case did not involve a request
to bargain in a different unit, and the union offered proof of
majority by authorization cards procured after the date of the
election. The case at hand differs from Conren in that here
the request to bargain was for a different unit albeit one
containing employees who had voted in the prior election.
The General Counsel, however, to overcome this distinction,
cites Stecher-Traung-Schmitt Corporation, 172 NLRB No.
186, enfd. 408 F. 2d 613 (C.A. 2); and Pacific Abrasive Supply
Co., 182 NLRB No. 48, as involving a request by a union to
bargain in a unit smaller than the one involved in the election
which the union had lost less than a year prior thereto. In the
Stecher case, the union had lost an election involving em-
ployees in a larger unit which included, among others, a
group of five composing-room employees at the employer's
plant, for whom, after the election, the Union claimed bar-
gaining rights. But in that case , not only did the Union offer
to prove its majority by a card check, but there was further
proof that the five employees desired to be represented in the
smaller unit because three of the five had informed a foreman
that all had signed cards and, at a meeting set up by the union
with the employer's superintendent, four of the five em-
ployees from the composing room attended and told the su-
perintendent that they wished to be represented by the union
in a composing-room unit. The employer in that case refused
to bargain on the ground that the unit was not appropriate
for the purpose of collective bargaining . On the evidence
presented, the Board found the unit to be appropriate and
found that the employer had independent knowledge that the
Union had a majority in the unit, knowledge which it had
acquired from the employees themselves. In the Pacific Abra-
sive case, there was also a claim by a union to represent
employees in a smaller unit after the Union had lost an elec-
tion involving a larger unit. But in that case, the employees
in the smaller unit very positively demonstrated that they
desired to be represented separately when they struck and
picketed the employer following a refusal by the employer to
recognize the Union in that unit. The persistence of the em-
ployer thereafter in refusing to bargain constituted the unfair
labor practice.
None of the cases relied on by the General Counsel, how-
ever, involved a self-determination election. Nevertheless, the
General Counsel and the Union claim that a violation of
Section 8(a)(5) of the Act is made out by the showing that the
Respondent knew that the pharmacists had voted for the
objection. Member Zagoria, in a dissenting opinion, pointed 3 See also Rocky Mountain Phosphates, Inc., 138 NLRB 292, Astoria
out a method by which, in an election involving both a profes- General Tire Co., 170 NLRB 591, Graham Ford, 172 NLRB No. 50, Cincin-
sional employee and a nonprofessional group of employees, nati Gasket, Packing & Mfg., 163 NLRB 763, 765, fn 4
WALGREEN COMPANY 407
Union in the election involving both professional and non-
professional employees, and, they reason, the Respondent
therefore knew that the Union had a majority in a smaller
unit of pharmacists alone but still refused the Union's request
to bargain for the pharmacists. The Respondent argues first
that there has been no evidence presented to indicate that the
Union represented a majority of the employees in question at
the time of the Respondent's refusal to bargain (February 5),
and, second, assuming for the sake of argument that the
Charging Party did represent a majority of the employees in
question (pharmacists) the Respondent, on the facts of the
instant case , did not unlawfully refuse to bargain.
The Respondent' s first argument , that it was incumbent on
the Union to show that it had a majority on the very date of
the refusal to bargain, I consider to be of little weight. If the
majority had been demonstrated by new authorization cards,
say on January 25, that majority would be presumed to carry
to February 5 in the absence of a showing by Respondent that
the Union had lost its majority in the interim. Here, it is not
to be presumed that the two pharmacists had quit or had
changed their minds before February 5, and the Respondent
made no claim of loss of majority by the Union as a reason
for its refusal to bargain.
However, the Respondent's second argument, that, on the
facts of this case , the Respondent did not unlawfully refuse
to bargain rests, I infer, upon the ground that the pharmacists
had not, since the election (in which they had consent to be
represented in a larger unit), indicated that they wished to be
represented by the Union in a unit by themselves. Here, in a
self-determination election, the pharmacists, by choosing to
be in a unit with nonprofessional employees, in effect had
voted not to be represented in a unit by themselves. Yet, the
theory of the General Counsel and the Union is that, by
voting affirmatively on the second question on their ballots in
that election-the one as to whether or not the pharmacists
desired to be represented by the Union in an overall unit-
that second vote on their ballots alone showed that the phar-
macists desired to be represented by the Union in the very
unit which they had rejected in answering the first question
on their ballots. In other words, the General Counsel and the
Union are saying that by voting for the Union on the second
question, the pharmacists were saying that they wanted the
Union to represent them regardless of unit.
On the facts of this case, there is absolutely no way of
knowing whether the pharmacists would have chosen the
Union to represent them separately in a unit limited to profes-
sionals. In a unit limited to professionals, the pharmacists
might have preferred to be represented by a different union,
one that represented only pharmacists, or they might have
deemed such a unit to be too small to be effective and there-
fore chosen to be represented by no union. I am of the opinion
that, on the facts of this case, no presumption should be
indulged in that the pharmacists after the election desired
representation by the Union in a unit by themselves.
I conclude and find, therefore, that the General Counsel
has not proved that the pharmacists had chosen the Union to
represent them in a unit limited to pharmacists and, hence,
I find that the Respondent has not refused to bargain with the
Union in violation of the Act.
CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
1. Walgreen Company is an employer within the meaning
of Section 2(2) of the Act and is engaged in commerce within
the meaning of Section 2(6) and (7) of the Act.
2. The Union is a labor organization within the meaning
of Section 2(5) of the Act.
3. A unit of all pharmacists employed by Walgreen at its
store located at 105 North McDowell Road, Petaluma, Cali-
fornia , excluding all other employees, guards, and super-
visors, as defined in the Act is appropriate for the purposes
of collective bargaining within the meaning of Section 9(b) of
the Act.
4. The Charging Party has not been proved to represent a
majority of employees in such appropriate unit within the
meaning of Section 9(a) of the Act.
5. The Respondent has not refused to bargain with the
Charging Party within the meaning of Section 8(a)(5) and (1)
of the Act.
ORDER
I recommend an order that the complaint be dismissed in
its entirety.