TKC, a Joint Venture

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Oct 17, 2003

340 N.L.R.B. 923 (N.L.R.B. 2003)

TKC, A JOINT VENTURE 923
TKC, a Joint Venture and International Union of Op-
erating Engineers Local 77, AFL–CIO. Cases 5–
CA–30504 and 5–CA–30554
October 17, 2003
DECISION AND ORDER
BY CHAIRMAN BATTISTA AND MEMBERS
SCHAUMBER AND WALSH
On August 7, 2003, Administrative Law Judge Richard
A. Scully issued the attached decision. The Respondent
filed exceptions and a supporting brief, and the General
Counsel filed an answering brief.
The National Labor Relations Board has delegated its
authority in this proceeding to a three-member panel.
The Board has considered the decision and the record
in light of the exceptions and briefs and has decided to
affirm the judge’s rulings, findings,1 and conclusions2
and to adopt the recommended Order as modified.3
ORDER
The National Labor Relations Board adopts the rec-
ommended Order of the administrative law judge as
modified below and orders that the Respondent, TKC, a
Joint Venture, Oxon Hill, Maryland, its officers, agents,
successors, and assigns, shall take the action set forth in
the Order as modified.
Substitute the following for paragraph 2(f).

1 The Respondent has excepted to some of the judge’s credibility
findings. The Board’s established policy is not to overrule an adminis-
trative law judge’s credibility resolutions unless the clear preponder-
ance of all the relevant evidence convinces us that they are incorrect.
Standard Dry Wall Products, 91 NLRB 544 (1950), enfd. 188 F.2d 362
(3d Cir. 1951). We have carefully examined the record and find no
basis for reversing the findings.
2 We agree that Mayer’s question as to whether Lumpkin was a un-
ion member was a coercive interrogation in the context of his other
remarks. In adopting the judge’s finding that the Respondent coer-
cively interrogated Lumpkin, we do not rely on the judge’s unnecessary
statement that “remarks denigrating union membership by a supervisor
who was a purported union member would be even more coercive since
he might be thought to know what he was talking about.”
Chairman Battista and Member Schaumber adopt, for institutional
reasons, the judge’s finding that the Respondent violated Sec. 8(a)(1)
by implying that union support was the reason for Lumpkin’s layoff.
Although they would find that the statement under scrutiny was part of
the res gestae of the unlawful layoff and is subsumed by that violation,
Chairman Battista and Member Schamber recognize that current Board
precedent requires the finding of a violation. See Benesight, Inc., 337
NLRB 282, 283–284 (2001).
No exceptions were filed to the judge’s findings that the Respondent
did not violate Sec. 8(a)(3) of the Act by reducing employee Daniel
McVicker’s overtime hours or by discharging McVicker.
3 We modify par. 2(f) of the judge’s recommended Order to reflect
that the Respondent’s unfair labor practices commenced with Lump-
kin’s interrogation on February 7, 2002, and not on “June 11, 2002” as
the judge inadvertently stated there. See Indian Hills Care Center, 321
NLRB 144 (1996), as revised by Excel Container, Inc., 325 NLRB 17
(1997).
“(f) Within 14 days after service by Region 5, post at
its Oxon Hill, Maryland facility copies of the attached
notice marked “Appendix.”10 Copies of the notice, on
forms provided by the Regional Director for Region 5,
after being signed by the Respondent’s authorized repre-
sentative, shall be posted by the Respondent immediately
upon receipt and maintained for 60 consecutive days in
conspicuous places including all places where notices to
employees are customarily posted. Reasonable steps
shall be taken by the Respondent to ensure that the no-
tices are not altered, defaced, or covered by any other
material. In the event that, during the pendency of these
proceedings, the Respondent has gone out of business or
closed the facility involved in these proceedings, the Re-
spondent shall duplicate and mail, at its own expense, a
copy of the notice to all current employees and former
employees employed by the Respondent at any time
since February 7, 2002.”

John S. Ferrer, Esq., and Jennifer R. Simon, Esq., for the Gen-
eral Counsel.
A.W. VanderMeer, Esq., of Virginia Beach, Virginia, for the
Respondent.
David Miller, for the Charging Party.
DECISION
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
RICHARD A. SCULLY, Administrative Law Judge. Upon
charges filed on June 11 and July 8, 2002, by International
Union of Operating Engineers Local 77, AFL–CIO (the Union),
the Regional Director for Region 5, National Labor Relations
Board (the Board), issued a consolidated complaint September
30, 2002, alleging that TKC, a Joint Venture, had violated Sec-
tion 8(a)(1) and (3) of the National Labor Relations Act (the
Act).1 The Respondent filed a timely answer denying that it
had committed any violation of the Act.
This hearing was held in Washington, DC, on April 28 and
29, 2003, at which all parties were given a full opportunity to
examine and cross-examine witnesses and to present other evi-
dence and argument. Briefs submitted on behalf of the General
Counsel and the Respondent have been given due considera-
tion. Upon the entire record, and from my observation of the
demeanor of the witnesses, I make the following
FINDINGS OF FACT
I. JURISDICTION
At all times material, the Respondent has been a joint ven-
ture comprised of Tidewater-Skanska, a Virginia corporation,
Peter Kiewit and Sons, Inc., a Nebraska corporation, and Clark
Construction, Inc., a Maryland corporation, engaged in the
construction of a bridge in the metropolitan Washington, DC,
area. It has maintained an office and place of business in Oxon
1 An amended consolidated complaint was issued on October 28,
2002. At the hearing counsel for the General Counsel withdrew the
8(a)(1) allegations in par. 5 of the consolidated complaint.
340 NLRB No. 102
DECISIONS OF THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD 924
Hill, Maryland. During the 12-month period preceding the
issuance of the complaint herein, the Respondent purchased and
received at its worksite materials and goods valued in excess of
$50,000 directly from points located outside of the metropolitan
Washington, DC area, Maryland, and Virginia. I find that, at
all times material, the Respondent was an employer engaged in
commerce within the meaning of Section 2(2), (6), and (7) of
the Act.
At all times material, the Union was a labor organization
within the meaning of Section 2(5) of the Act.
II. THE ALLEGED UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
The Respondent is the general contractor performing the
construction of the foundations for the new Woodrow Wilson
Bridge (WWB) over the Potomac River outside Washington,
DC. The onsite work began in June 2001 and was scheduled to
be completed in July 2003. It maintained offices in trailers
inside the main gate of the project on Maryland State Highways
Department property in Oxon Hill, Maryland. A smaller office
was located on the Virginia side of the project. In January
2002,2 the Union began an attempt to organize the Respon-
dent’s crane operators at the WWB project. On six to eight
occasions in January and February, union representatives and
some employees passed out leaflets and handbills at the project
gates.
A. Alleged Violations of Section 8(a)(1)
1. Alleged interrogation on February 7
Marcus Lumpkin was hired by the Respondent as a crane
operator on January 11. He faxed a resume after seeing a job
posting on the Internet. The following day he was called by
Phillip Trombatore who interviewed him on the telephone con-
cerning his experience and availability. Trumbatore called
Lumpkin back and told him to report for work the next day,
which he did. Lumpkin initially worked on the night shift but
switched to the day shift at the end of January. On his first day
on the day shift, he saw Local 77 representatives at the fence
and stopped to talk with them. He took some literature and
some union stickers which he put on his hardhat and the
bumper of his car. For about an hour prior to work on the
morning of February 7, he passed out handbills at the Virginia
entrance to the project with some union representatives.
Lumpkin testified that at about 9 a.m. that day, Area Manager
John Mayer approached him near his crane and asked if he was
in the Union. Lumpkin said that he was not but was trying to
join. Mayer responded, “why would you want to do that? Why
the fuck would you want to pay somebody to let you work?”
Mayer said nothing more but he appeared “agitated.” The
complaint alleged that Mayer’s conduct constituted a coercive
interrogation in violation of Section 8(a)(1) of the Act.
Analysis and Conclusions
Mayer testified that he could not “recall” having a conversa-
tion in which he had asked Lumpkin if he had joined the Union.
After considering their demeanor and the content of their testi-
mony, I credit Lumpkin. His detailed description of this con-

2 Hereinafter, all dates are in 2002, unless otherwise indicated.
versation was much more believable than Mayer’s response to
leading questions by the Respondent’s counsel which did not
direct his attention to the time or place or provide any context
and misstated what Mayer was alleged to have said.
The test for a violation of Section 8(a)(1) is whether under
all the circumstances the employer’s conduct reasonably tended
to restrain, coerce, or interfere with employee’s rights protected
by the Act. E.g., Mediplex of Danbury, 314 NLRB 470, 472
(1994); Rossmore House, 269 NLRB 1176, 1177 (1984). Here,
although Lumpkin had openly demonstrated his support for the
Union that morning by passing out literature at the project gate,
it was Mayer who approached him and initiated the exchange
by asking Lumpkin if he was a union member. Mayer’s only
apparent reason for doing so was to indicate his hostility and
disapproval, as he immediately walked away, without further
discussion, after profanely expressing his incredulity that any-
one would become a member of the Union. Moreover, his
suggestion that Lumpkin would be paying someone to let him
work is untrue and coercive. Contrary to the Respondent’s
suggestion in its brief, I find that Mayer’s own union member-
ship, if any, would do nothing to lessen the coercive effect of
his actions. If anything, remarks denigrating union member-
ship by a supervisor who was a purported union member would
be even more coercive since he might be thought to know what
he was talking about. I find that Mayer’s question to Lumpkin
and his rhetorical remarks were coercive and violated Section
8(a)(1).
2. Alleged coercive statement on February 14
Lumpkin testified that on the afternoon of February 14,
Mayer approached him while he was assisting in taking apart a
crane and told him he was not needed anymore and was laid
off. Lumpkin asked about his paycheck and a layoff slip.
Mayer told Lumpkin to pick his check up the next day at the
Maryland office. Mayer then asked Lumpkin if he had joined
the Union. Lumpkin responded that he had not done so yet and
Mayer said, “well, tell them to get you a job” and walked away.
Mayer denied that he told Lumpkin to have the Union get him a
job. He testified that he told Lumpkin that there was no work
for him and they wanted him to go on the night shift but that
the night shift would not be starting for 2 or 3 weeks. Lumpkin
denied that Mayer made any such statement. The General
Counsel contends that Mayer’s statement linked Lumpkin’s
layoff to his union activity and was coercive.
Analysis and Conclusions
I found Lumpkin to be a more credible witness than Mayer
and believed his testimony about what was said when Mayer
laid him off. Moreover, the Respondent’s witness, Supervisor
Roger Cline, who was present when Mayer spoke to Lumpkin
did not corroborate Mayer or contradict Lumpkin. Here again,
it was Mayer who interjected the subject of Lumpkin’s joining
the Union into the conversation. There was no reason for doing
so except to imply that there was a connection between Lump-
kin’s support for the Union and his layoff. I find that Mayer’s
statements were coercive and violated Section 8(a)(1).

TKC, A JOINT VENTURE 925
3. Written warnings to Daniel McVicker and
Clay Cunningham
After Lumpkin was laid off, the Union distributed flyers and
presented the Respondent with petitions signed by employees
and union members protesting his layoff. On April 18, it or-
ganized a strike and set up a picket line of about outside the
main gate, which at times totaled 50 to 100 picketers. Picketers
carried signs asserting that it was an unfair labor practices
strike. They passed out leaflets accusing the Respondent of
committing unfair labor practices and safety violations and
stating that unfair labor practices charges had been filed against
it. Crane operators Daniel McVicker and Clay Cunningham
walked the picket line and did not work that day. It is clear that
the Respondent was aware that both crane operators were at the
picket line.
On the following day, as Cunningham arrived at work he en-
countered Supervisor Korey Young. Cunningham asked if he
still had a job and Young responded that he had a job but that
he had caused Young a lot of trouble and was going to be writ-
ten up. Cunningham testified that he was never given a copy of
a written warning in connection with this incident but the Re-
spondent admits that one was issued to him. At about 1:30 p.m.
that same day, Supervisor George Crandall issued a written
warning to McVicker for an unexcused absence on April 18.
Analysis and Conclusions
The Respondent contends that the warnings were issued to
McVicker and Cunningham because they were absent from
work on April 18, and failed to give advance notice of their
absence which violated its work rules. It is fundamental that an
employer cannot discipline an employee for engaging in con-
certed activities that the Act protects. NLRB v. Washington
Aluminum Co., 370 U.S. 9, 17 (1962). By participating in a
work stoppage to protest the discharge of fellow employee
Lumpkin, McVicker and Cunningham were engaged in such
protected activity. Consequently, the disciplinary action taken
against them violated by the Respondent Section 8(a)(1) of the
Act. LaSalle Bus Service, 331 NLRB 1005, 1006 (2000).
B. Alleged Violations of Section 8(a)(3) and (1)
1. Layoff of Marcus Lumpkin
The complaint alleges that Lumpkin was laid off because of
his support for the Union. The Respondent contends that he
was laid off due to lack of work. In cases where the employer’s
motivation for a personnel action is in issue, it must be ana-
lyzed in accordance with the test outlined by the Board in
Wright Line, 251 NLRB 1083 (1980) enfd. 662 F. 2d 800 (1st
Cir. 1981), cert. denied 455 U.S. 989 (1982), approved in
NLRB v. Transportation Management Corp., 462 U.S. 393
(1983). Under Wright Line, the General Counsel must intro-
duce persuasive evidence that antiunion animus was a substan-
tial or motivating factor in the employer’s decision. Once that
has been done, the burden of persuasion shifts to the employer
to demonstrate that it would have taken the same action even in
the absence of protected activity on the part of the employee.
Manno Electric, 321 NLRB 278, 280 fn. 12 (1996). To sustain
his initial burden, the General Counsel must show that the em-
ployee was engaged in protected activity, that the employer had
knowledge of that activity, and that the activity was a substan-
tial or motivating reason for the employer’s adverse action.
Naomi Knitting Plant, 328 NLRB 1279, 1281 (1999).
There is no dispute that Lumpkin engaged in activity in sup-
port of the Union and that the Respondent had knowledge of
that activity. Mayer testified to seeing Lumpkin handing out
union literature at the project gate and to knowing about Lump-
kin’s intention to join the Union. The Respondent’s union ani-
mus is established by its violations of the Act found herein,
including, Mayer’s remarks implying that Lumpkin’s support
for the Union was the reason for his layoff.3 Direct evidence of
unlawful motivation is seldom available and it may be estab-
lished by circumstantial evidence. E.g., Abbey Transportation
Services, 284 NLRB 698, 701 (1987); Pete’s Pic-Pac Super-
markets, 707 F.2d 236, 240 (6th Cir. 1983). The timing of the
employer’s action can be persuasive evidence of its motivation.
E.g., Masland Industries, 311 NLRB 184, 197 (1993); Lime-
stone Apparel Corp., 255 NLRB 722, 736 (1981). Here, in
January, Lumpkin came to the Washington, DC area from his
home in Tennessee after a representation by the Respondent’s
recruiter that the job would last several years and he was never
given any indication that there was a possibility of his being
laid off before it actually occurred. However, in February, 1
week from the day he handed out leaflets outside the project
gate he was terminated. I find that the General Counsel has met
the burden of showing that Lumpkin was laid off because of his
union activity.
I also find that the Respondent has failed to establish that it
would have laid off Lumpkin in the absence of that activity on
his part. It contends that there was no work for Lumpkin, but it
provided little evidence to support that contention beyond self-
serving testimony from Mayer. It provided no evidence of any
kind as to why Lumpkin was the one crane operator selected for
layoff at that time.
In its brief, the Respondent asserts that Lumpkin was laid off
because the crane he was working on was being taken out of
service. This crane was supposedly the “4600” that Lumpkin
testified he was helping to dismantle when Mayer informed him
he was being laid off. While the 4600 may have been taken out
of service, there is no credible evidence to establish that it was
the reason for Lumpkin’s layoff. When Mayer was called as a
witness by the General Counsel and questioned about the rea-
son for the layoff, he testified (insofar as he could be under-
stood) that Lumpkin was loaned to him for about 2 weeks to
operate the 4600 while its regular operator (whose name he said
he could not recall) was needed elsewhere on the project and
that when that operator was finished “he was coming back to
run that crane,” instead of Lumpkin. A short time later, he was
called as a witness by the Respondent and, in response to a
leading question, testified that there was no work for Lumpkin

3 I find additional evidence of the Respondent’s animus was demon-
strated by Mayer on February 15. Lumpkin testified that he spoke to
Mayer about a discrepancy in his paycheck. Mayer asked Lumpkin
“did any of your boys get you a job,” an obvious reference to his com-
ment to Lumpkin on the previous day about the Union finding him a
job. When Lumpkin said “no, not yet,” Mayer said, “well, tell them to
stay the hell away from my gate.” I credit Lumpkin’s detailed testi-
mony about this incident over Mayer’s denial.

DECISIONS OF THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD 926
because the 4600 was being taken out of service.4 However,
Lumpkin’s credible testimony establishes that while he worked
on the day shift the crane he operated, except for a few hours
on a single day, was a “Link Belt 518.” The Respondent pre-
sumably has records indicating what cranes were in operation
and who was operating them, but they were not offered as evi-
dence. Instead, it relied on the confused and contradictory
testimony of Mayer which I do not credit.
Finally, even if taking the 4600 crane out of service left the
Respondent with an operator without a crane, it has failed to
explain why it was Lumpkin who was selected to be laid off.
Lumpkin’s credible and uncontradicted testimony was that he
was experienced in operating a variety of different cranes. He
was never disciplined prior to his layoff.5 According to the list
of crane operators employed on the project (Jt. Exh. 1), at least
two who were not laid off, William Irwin and Jesse Simpkins,
were hired after Lumpkin. Without any evidence concerning
how and why the decision to select Lumpkin for layoff was
made, there is no basis to conclude that the Respondent would
have laid him off even in the absence of union activity on his
part. Accordingly, I find the Respondent’s claim that Lumpkin
was laid off due to lack of work amounts to a pretext. I further
find that Lumpkin was laid off in violation of Section 8(a)(3)
and (1) of the Act because he engaged in activity in support of
the Union.
2. Allegations concerning Daniel McVicker
A. Alleged Reduction in Overtime Hours
The complaint alleges that the Respondent retaliated against
crane operator Daniel McVicker for his support of the Union by
reducing the overtime he worked after April 18. As discussed
above, McVicker had participated in the strike on April 18, and
was given an unlawful disciplinary warning the next day. He
had also handed out leaflets outside the project gate and had
signed the petition protesting Lumpkin’s layoff. McVicker
testified that prior to the strike he worked 8 hours of overtime
on almost every Saturday. On April 19, he was told that he was
being moved to a different crew, headed by Supervisor Roger
Cline, and that he would not be working that Saturday. He
testified that, thereafter, his former crew continued to work
Saturdays but he did not. When he asked Cline about this in
early June, Cline responded, “you know, I think you’re on the
blacklist now Dan.”
Cline testified that he took over the crew that McVicker was
on in March or April and that everyone on the crew worked the
same schedule, which was 10 hours a day and 8 hours on every
other Saturday. He also testified that the schedule was not set
up to cause McVicker to lose overtime hours but was dictated
by the needs of the project and because he felt he and the crew

4 Supervisor Roger Cline also testified that he thought Lumpkin was
laid off because the 4600 was taken out of service although he did not
know it “100 percent.” There is no evidence that Cline was involved in
the decision to lay off Lumpkin.
5 There was evidence that Lumpkin had once refused a supervisor’s
instruction to make a lift with his crane because he considered it unsafe.
In its brief, the Respondent asserts that it took no disciplinary action
against him for this incident, rather, it congratulated him “for doing the
right thing.”
needed some time off after working 60 and 70 hours a week for
5 months. Cline denied that he ever told McVicker that he had
been blacklisted but said that he had heard McVicker claim that
he had been blacklisted, “six times a day, practically every day
that he was on my crew.”
Analysis and Conclusions
The Respondent introduced a record of the overtime hours
that McVicker worked while at the project.6 It shows that in
2002, during the 16 weekly pay periods prior to and including
April 18, McVicker worked an average of 11.1 overtime hours
per week. During the 9 pay periods after April 18, until he left
the Respondent’s employ, he worked an average of 10.7 over-
time hours per week. The difference is insignificant.7 More-
over, Cline was a credible witness and I that find his testimony
establishes that McVicker worked the same number of overtime
hours that the others on his crew worked during the period after
April 18. I do not credit McVicker’s self-serving and uncor-
roborated claims that he was sent to a different crew after April
18, and that his old crew worked more overtime than he did. I
also credit Cline’s testimony that he did not tell McVicker that
he was on a blacklist. Accordingly, I find that the General
Counsel has not established a prima facie case under Wright
Line that McVicker’s overtime was reduced after April 18,
because he engaged in activity in support of the Union. I also
find that the Respondent did not violate Section 8(a)(1) by tell-
ing McVicker he was on a blacklist. I shall recommend that
these allegations be dismissed.
B. Alleged Discharge
The complaint alleges that Supervisor Roger Cline implied
that the Respondent was going to discharge McVicker because
of his union activity and that McVicker was unlawfully dis-
charged by the Respondent on June 15. The Respondent con-
tends that McVicker voluntarily quit his job on June 21.
McVicker testified that on Saturday, June 15, while he was
working overtime, he had a conversation with Supervisor Jeff
Miller. During that conversation, he told Miller that he had
been called by Roy Cummings of National Engineering, a
company for which he had previously worked. Cummings told
McVicker about a job that might be starting in West Virginia
and asked if McVicker was available. McVicker told Miller he
would not know any more about the job until the following
Tuesday and, if he decided to take it, he would tell Miller on
Wednesday. Miller thanked him for the information. About 2
hours later, supervisor Ray Gray told McVicker that he had
6 The parties have stipulated that with respect to this record (R. Exh.
4), only the pay periods during 2002 shall be considered to be in evi-
dence.
7 In their brief, counsel for the General Counsel have taken the over-
time figures for 5 selected weeks prior to April 18, and assert that they
establish that McVicker worked an average of 6.6 more overtime hours
during that period than in 5 selected weeks after April 18. They have
articulated no reasons for selecting these particular weeks. I discern no
rational basis for doing so except the obvious one—it excludes weeks
before April 18, when he worked little or no overtime and weeks after
April 18 when he worked large amounts of overtime. I find that it
makes more sense to compare all of the weeks before April 18, with all
the weeks after that date.

TKC, A JOINT VENTURE 927
heard from Miller that he was going to have to replace
McVicker. McVicker responded that that was not true as he
did not have the new job yet. Gray told him that might have
jumped the gun and not to worry about it. When he arrived at
work the following Monday, he met a new crane operator who
said he was there to operate the crane McVicker had been oper-
ating. The operator said he had been told by Miller that
McVicker would be out of there by Friday. The operator asked
McVicker to show him how to run it which he did. McVicker
did not identify this operator. When McVicker was leaving
work that evening Cline said him, “looks to me like you’re
through here” and said McVicker better find himself a job “be-
cause the game’s up here.” Cline also mentioned McVicker’s
going on strike and handing out union flyers and said, “you
know how they feel about the Union around here.” Beginning
the next day McVicker had to operate a crane in the dock area.
On Tuesday night, McVicker called Cummings about the job in
West Virginia and was told it would be starting soon. He called
Cummings back on Wednesday and was told he could start
work on June 24. On Thursday, he told Cline about having
taken the new job because no one from management had talked
to him all week. Friday, June 21, was McVicker’s last day of
work with the Respondent. He denied that he voluntarily quit
his job and said that he was “sort of pushed out of the job.”
Miller denied that he ever had a conversation with McVicker
about his quitting working for the Respondent. He said he
learned McVicker was leaving to go to work in West Virginia
when Cline or another supervisor told him that McVicker was
working his last days. Cline testified that McVicker came to
him and said he had been called the previous night about a new
job. Shortly thereafter, McVicker told him he was leaving to
go to a job in West Virginia. He testified that McVicker did
not complain that he was being forced out of his job and that
McVicker had told him numerous times that, when he got a
problem with “a court thing” involving a child settled, he would
be leaving.8 Cline denied saying to McVicker anything about
how the Respondent felt about unions. Supervisor Ray Gray
testified that he did not know that McVicker was leaving until
his last day on the job. Gray went to see McVicker in the after-
noon to wish him well. McVicker told him about his new job
but said nothing about being forced out of his job. Project Su-
perintendent Jesse Erwin testified that the Respondent consid-
ered McVicker to be a voluntary quit and that is reflected in its
personnel records. He said that McVicker never complained
that he was being forced out and did not avail himself of the
company’s management review procedure which can be used
by employees to protest what they consider to be unfair treat-
ment. Erwin testified that on McVicker’s last day he went
down to wish him well, shook his hand, and complimented him
on the work he had done. He said that McVicker remains eligi-
ble for rehire by the Respondent.

8 McVicker acknowledged telling Cline that when his child support
payments, which were being taken out of his pay, were paid off he
would be free to go wherever he wanted. He is no longer required to
pay child support.
Analysis and Conclusions
The only evidence supporting the claim that he was dis-
charged is the self-serving testimony of McVicker, which I do
not credit. I find that the evidence fails to establish that the
Respondent discharged McVicker. On the contrary, it shows
that McVicker was offered a new job with an employer for
which he had previously worked, that the job was in West Vir-
ginia where he was from and planned to return, and that he
voluntarily quit his job with the Respondent, effective on the
Friday before the Monday he began his new job. I consider it
unlikely that, if McVicker had not left of his own accord but
had been “forced out,” he would have simply walked away
without any protest and without demanding an explanation and
documentation concerning the reasons for his alleged dis-
charge. This is particularly true since in his testimony he
claimed that Supervisor Cline had told him he had been black-
listed and had all but admitted to him that his support for the
Union motivated the Respondent action toward him. Only 2
months before, McVicker had joined in the Union’s protests
over the allegedly unlawful layoff of Lumpkin for engaging in
protected activity. It strains credulity that if McVicker had the
above-mentioned reasons to believe he was also the victim of
such discrimination he would not have complained about it. It
also strains credulity that McVicker would volunteer to his
current employer that he was considering leaving its employ
not only before he decided to do so but before he even knew
whether the other job would be available. I find that McVicker
was not discharged by the Respondent on June 21, but that he
voluntarily left its employ. I also find that Cline did not tell
McVicker that he would be discharged because of his union
activity. Accordingly, I find that the General Counsel has not
established a prima facie case under Wright Line that McVicker
was discharged by the Respondent because he engaged in activ-
ity in support of the Union and shall recommend that these
allegations be dismissed.
CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
1. The Respondent, TKC, a Joint Venture, is an employer
engaged in commerce within the meaning of Section 2(2), (6),
and (7) of the Act.
2. The Union is a labor organization within the meaning of
Section 2(5) of the Act.
3. The Respondent violated Section 8(a)(1) of the Act by
coercively interrogating its employee Marcus Lumpkin on Feb-
ruary 7, by implying that Lumpkin’s union activity was the
reason for his layoff, and by issuing disciplinary warnings to
employees Daniel McVicker and Clay Cunningham for engag-
ing in protected activity.
4. The Respondent violated Section 8(a)(3) and (1) of the
Act by laying off Marcus Lumpkin on February 14, because of
his activities in support of the Union.
5. The aforesaid unfair labor practices are unfair labor prac-
tices affecting commerce within the meaning of Section 2(6)
and (7) of the Act.
REMEDY
Having found that the Respondent has engaged in certain un-
fair labor practices, I shall recommend that it be ordered to

DECISIONS OF THE NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD 928
cease and desist and to take certain affirmative action designed
to effectuate the policies of the Act.
The Respondent having discriminatorily laid off its em-
ployee Marcus Lumpkin, it must offer him reinstatement and
make him whole for any loss of earnings and other benefits,
computed on a quarterly basis from date of discharge to date of
proper offer of reinstatement, less any net interim earnings, as
prescribed in F. W. Woolworth Co., 90 NLRB 289 (1950), plus
interest as computed in New Horizons for the Retarded, 283
NLRB 1173 (1987).
On these findings of fact and conclusions of law and on the
entire record, I issue the following recommended9
ORDER
The Respondent, TKC, a Joint Venture, Oxon Hill, Mary-
land, its officers, agents, successors, and assigns, shall
1. Cease and desist from
(a) Coercively questioning employees concerning union sup-
port or union activities.
(b) Implying that an employee’s union activity was the rea-
son for a layoff.
(c) Issuing disciplinary warnings to employees because they
have engaged in union support or union activities.
(d) Laying off employees because they have engaged in un-
ion support or union activities.
(e) In any like or related manner interfering with, restraining,
or coercing employees in the exercise of the rights guaranteed
them by Section 7 of the Act.
2. Take the following affirmative action necessary to effec-
tuate the policies of the Act.
(a) Within 14 days from the date of this Order, offer Marcus
Lumpkin full reinstatement to his former job or, if that job no
longer exists, to a substantially equivalent position, without
prejudice to his seniority or any other rights or privileges previ-
ously enjoyed.
(b) Make whole Marcus Lumpkin for any loss of earnings
and other benefits suffered as a result of the discrimination
against him in the manner set forth in the remedy section of the
decision.
(c) Within 14 days from the date of this Order, remove from
its files any reference to the unlawful layoff of Marcus Lump-
kin and within 3 days thereafter notify him in writing that this
has been done and that the layoff will not be used against him
in any way.
(d) Within 14 days from the date of this Order, remove from
its files any reference to the unlawful disciplinary warnings
issued to Daniel McVicker and Clay Cunningham and within 3
days thereafter notify them in writing that this has been done
and that the disciplinary warnings will not be used against them
in any way.
(e) Preserve and, within 14 days of a request, or such addi-
tional time as the Regional Director may allow for good cause
shown, provide at a reasonable place designated by the Board

9 If no exceptions are filed as provided by Sec. 102.46 of the Board’s
Rules and Regulations, the findings, conclusions, and recommended
Order shall, as provided in Sec. 102.48 of the Rules, be adopted by the
Board and all objections to them shall be deemed waived for all pur-
poses.
or its agents, all payroll records, social security payment re-
cords, timecards, personnel records and reports, and all other
records, including an electronic copy of such records if stored
in electronic form, necessary to analyze the amount of backpay
due under the terms of this Order.
(f) Within 14 days after service by the Region, post at its fa-
cility in Oxon Hill, Maryland, copies of the attached notice
marked “Appendix.”10 Copies of the notice, on forms provided
by the Regional Director for Region 5, after being signed by the
Respondent’s authorized representative, shall be posted by the
Respondent immediately upon receipt and maintained for 60
consecutive days in conspicuous places including all places
where notices to employees are customarily posted. Reason-
able steps shall be taken by the Respondent to ensure that the
notices are not altered, defaced, or covered by any other mate-
rial. In the event that, during the pendency of these proceed-
ings, the Respondent has gone out of business or closed the
facility involved in these proceedings, the Respondent shall
duplicate and mail, at its own expense, a copy of the notice to
all current employees and former employees employed by the
Respondent at any time since June 11, 2002.
(g) Within 21 days after service by the Region, file with the
Regional Director a sworn certification of a responsible official
on a form provided by the Region attesting to the steps that the
Respondent has taken to comply.
IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that the consolidated com-
plaint is dismissed insofar as it alleges violations of the Act not
specifically found.
APPENDIX
NOTICE TO EMPLOYEES
POSTED BY ORDER OF THE
NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
An Agency of the United States Government

The National Labor Relations Board has found that we vio-
lated Federal labor law and has ordered us to post and obey this
notice.

FEDERAL LAW GIVES YOU THE RIGHT TO

Form, join, or assist a union
Choose representatives to bargain with us on your behalf
Act together with other employees for your benefit and
protection
Choose not to engage in any of these protected activities

WE WILL NOT coercively question you about your union
support or activities.
WE WILL NOT lay you off or otherwise discriminate against
any of you for supporting International Union of Operating
Engineers Local 77, AFL–CIO, or any other union.
10 If this Order is enforced by a judgment of a United States court of
appeals, the words in the notice reading “Posted by Order of the Na-
tional Labor Relations Board” shall read “Posted Pursuant to a Judg-
ment of the United States Court of Appeals Enforcing an Order of the
National Labor Relations Board.”

TKC, A JOINT VENTURE 929
WE WILL NOT imply that union activity or support is the
reason for a layoff.
WE WILL NOT issue disciplinary warnings to any of you for
supporting International Union of Operating Engineers Local
77, AFL–CIO, or any other union.
WE WILL NOT in any like or related manner interfere with,
restrain, or coerce you in the exercise of the rights guaranteed
you by Section 7 of the Act.
WE WILL, within 14 days from the date of the Board’s Or-
der, offer Marcus Lumpkin full reinstatement to his former job
or, if that job no longer exists, to a substantially equivalent
position, without prejudice to his seniority or any other rights or
privileges previously enjoyed.
WE WILL make Marcus Lumpkin whole for any loss of
earnings and other benefits resulting from his unlawful layoff,
less any net interim earnings, plus interest.
WE WILL, within 14 days from the date of the Board’s Or-
der, remove from our files any reference to the unlawful layoff
of Marcus Lumpkin and WE WILL, within 3 days thereafter,
notify him in writing that this has been done and that the layoff
will not be used against him in any way.
WE WILL, within 14 days from the date of the Board’s Or-
der, remove from our files any reference to the unlawful disci-
plinary warnings issued to Daniel McVicker and Clay Cun-
ningham, and WE WILL, within 3 days thereafter, notify each
of them in writing that this has been done and that the discipli-
nary warnings will not be used against them in any way.

TKC, A JOINT VENTURE