The Trustees of Noble HospitalDownload PDFNational Labor Relations Board - Board DecisionsJun 30, 1975218 N.L.R.B. 1441 (N.L.R.B. 1975) Copy Citation THE TRUSTEES OF NOBLE HOSPITAL 1441 The Trustees of Noble Hospital and Massachusetts Nurses Association . Case 1-RC-13469 June 30, 1975 DECISION AND DIRECTION OF ELECTION Upon a petition duly filed under Section 9(c) of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended, a hearing was held before Hearing Officer Joseph A. Stupak, Jr., of the National Labor Relations Board. Following the hearing, the Regional Director for Region I transferred this case to the Board for decision. Thereafter, the Employer and the Petitioner filed briefs with the Board. The Board has reviewed the Hearing Officer's rulings made at the hearing and finds that they are free from prejudicial error. They are hereby affirmed. Upon the entire record in this proceeding, the Board finds: 1. The Employer, a private nonprofit health care institution located in Westfield, Massachusetts, is engaged in commerce within the meaning of the Act. 2. The labor organization involved claims to represent certain employees of the Employer. 3. A question affecting commerce exists concern- ing the representation of certain employees of the Employer within the meaning of Sections 9(c)(1) and 2(6) and (7) of the Act. 4. The Petitioner seeks to represent a professional unit of all registered nurses , excluding all other employees, guards and supervisors as defined in the Act. The Employer, while agreeing in general to the appropriateness of a unit of registered nurses, contends that the unit should include only staff registered nurses.' Specifically, the Employer con- tends that the unit should exclude registered nurses in the positions of director of nursing service, assistant director of nursing service,2 in-service director, assistant in-service director, tumor registrar, supervisors, head nurses , assistant head nurses, utilization review coordinator, and nurse anesthetist. Noble Hospital, or herem the Hospital, is the only general hospital serving several adjoining communi- ties with an area population of approximately 50,000 people. The Hospital has approximately a 200-bed capacity, but presently actively operates only about 186 beds. The Hospital employs approximately 40 medical doctors and dentists, 56 licensed practical nurses , 15 to 20 nurses aides, 8 orderlies, 10 clerks within the nursing staff, and 144 registered nurses in all categories. The chief executive officer of the Hospital is the administrator. The director of nursing service, who reports directly to the administrator, heads the nursing service department. It is within this depart- ment that most of the members of the proposed unit are employed. Supervisors: The Employer seeks to exclude the four registered nurses in this classification on the ground that they are supervisors within the meaning of the Act. The supervisors work on a shift basis. One works the day shift, one works the evening shift, and two3 work the night shift. In general, the supervisor is responsible for the entire nursing,staff on duty during her shift. The supervisor reports directly to the office of the director of nursing service. It is the supervisor's responsibility to ensure that her shift is properly staffed. To this end,-the supervisor has the authority to transfer personnel between nursing units and to call personnel into the Hospital during their nonscheduled hours. Additionally, supervisors are responsible for assigning any unassigned "float" personnel who may be working during their shifts. The supervisors attend biweekly supervisors' meet- ings which are attended by both the director and assistant director of nursing service. Various staffing and employee problems are discussed at these meetings and recommendations are often taken back to the head nurses. The supervisors also, have the authority to disci- pline employees on their shifts. The duties and responsibilities of a supervisor working the day shift vary somewhat from those of a supervisor working either the evening or night shift. The evening or night supervisor assumes additional responsibilities nor- mally performed during the day by the Hospital's administrator. During the evening or night shift the supervisor is the only administrative representative on duty and is responsible for the proper staffing and supervision of the whole Hospital. Hospital Adminis- trator Brooks testified concerning the responsibilities of a supervisor during these periods: In addition to the nursing type problems that mighi come up, and patient care, the supervisor would also have to deal with such broad adminis- trative problems as handling . . . visitors for patients. She would have to contact personnel and people outside the hospital, such as medical examiners, police, even fire departments occa- sionally. All supervisors are required to evaluate employees. The day supervisor principally evaluates head nurses I The parties stipulated, and we find , that the staff registered nurses , 3 While one of these two supervisors is classified as an assistant including charge nurses, are employees within the meaning of the Act . supervisor, her duties and responsibilities are the same as those of the other 2 The parties stipulated , and we find , that the director and assistant supervisors . Therefore, no distinction will be made in the following director of nursing service are supervisors within the meaning of the Act, discussion between the supervisors and the assistant supervisor. 218 NLRB No. 221 1442 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD who normally work only during the day shift. The day supervisor also evaluates other employees on her shift, including some assistant head nurses and nursing aides who, due to their schedules, are not otherwise evaluated by a head nurse. The night and evening supervisors evaluate all the nursing service personnel on their shifts since head nurses, who also evaluate employees, do not normally work these shifts. The evaluations are filled out on appraisal forms provided by the Hospital. The supervisor discusses the completed form with each employee and the employee is asked to sign the form. The supervisor then submits the form to the director of nursing service. Employee evaluations are required for accreditation by the Joint Commission on Hospital Accreditation and by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts for licensing. Additionally, the employee evaluations are used, under a new merit wage program, to determine wage adjustments and to report unsatisfactory employee performance. In deciding whether these supervisors qualify as supervisors within the meaning of the Act, we are not unmindful of the report of the Senate Committee on Labor and Public Welfare on the "Coverage of Nonprofit Hospitals Under the National Labor Relations Act."4 In this report the Senate indicated that a health care professional does not exercise supervisory authority in the interest of his employer when his "direction" to other employees is in the "exercise of professional judgment ... incidental to the professional's treatment of patients." We agree that in determining whether a health care profession- al is a supervisor within the meaning of the Act we must take into account that to some degree the activities of a health care professional are the product of the exercise of professional judgment incidental to the treatment of patients. However, beyond these professional considerations, the traditional standards for determining supervisory status remain applicable to health care professionals, such as registered nurses. We believe that, while the supervisors may to a limited extent exercise professional judgment incidental to the treatment of patients, they also possess the traditional indicia of supervisory status. Thus, the supervisors are in charge of all the nursing personnel on their shift (evening and night supervi- sors are responsible for all hospital personnel). They have the responsibility of insuring that their shift is properly staffed. To this end, they may call in off duty personnel and/or transfer personnel from unit to unit. Supervisors also assign "float" personnel, attend supervisory meetings, discipline employees, and evaluate employees. Further, supervisors who 4 S. Rept 93-766, 93d Cong, 2d sess. 6 (April 2, 1974) 5 The units include . intensive care, emergency room; operating room; nursery, pediatrics ; maternity , delivery room, medical surgical (6); work evenings, nights, or weekends are additionally responsible for the proper staffing, performance, and supervision of the entire Hospital and are authorized to deal directly with the police, medical examiner, and press. Accordingly, we conclude that the supervisors are statutory supervisors within the meaning, of the Act and we shall therefore exclude them from the unit. Head Nurses and Assistant Head Nurses: The Employer seeks to exclude the 15 head nurses and 4 assistant head nurses on the ground that they are supervisors within the meaning of the Act. Each head nurse is in charge of a nursing units and is responsible to the director of nursing service and the day supervisor. The Employer states that "each Head Nurse has twenty-four hour, seven day per week responsibility for the staffing and operation of her unit." The record reveals that, though head nurses assign the personnel in their units to care for patients, these assignments are made on the basis of the head nurses' evaluation of the needs of the patient and the skills of the personnel.6 Further, most of the functions of the head nurses are handled during the evening and night shifts (and during the day shift on a head nurse's day off in units where there are no assistant head nurses) by staff nurses serving as charge nurses, a category stipulated by the parties to be included within the unit. Additionally, the head nurses normally only work the day shift and rarely return to the Hospital during the evening or night shift. A head nurse does obtain patient reports from the night charge nurse and gives patient reports to the evening charge nurse. These reports are, however, necessary for patient care and are exchanged routinely between each shift, including the evening and night shift, which are handled by charge nurses. Head nurses are paid an hourly rate and the difference between their weekly salary and that of a staff registered nurse ranges from $16.80 to $22.80. However, staff registered nurses who serve as charge nurses receive at least as high if not higher wages than head nurses. The Employer states that the head nurse is the first level of supervision to whom grievances may be brought. The record does not reveal any evidence that head nurses have adjusted grievances. Further, one head nurse testified that she was never informed by anyone that she had the authority to adjust grievances. Head nurses submit requisitions to central supply in order to keep their unit stocked with the supplies that are used on a daily basis. This function may also be performed by a ward secretary recovery room, and central supply. 6 The day supervisor testified that patient care was the consideration behind the head nurses ' assignments of personnel in their units. THE TRUSTEES OF NOBLE HOSPITAL 1443 if one is in the nursing unit. Head nurses can only submit requests for equipment and cannot, on their own, authorize equipment requisition. Head nurses attend biweekly meetings with the day supervisor and the director and assistant director of • nursing service . According to the director of nursing service, the purposes of these meetings are communi- cation, problem resolution, and instruction. Prior to February 1974, the scheduling for nursing personnel was apparently done by the office of the director of nursing service. However, since this time, the head nurses in each unit prepare a work schedule 3 weeks in advance and submit it to the nursing service office for approval. The schedule is reviewed by the assistant director of nursing service and if it is not acceptable the head nurse is directed to change it. The director of nursing service testified that the primary concern in making out the schedule is patient care. Head nurses have very little discretion in making out schedules. This is due, in part, to the policies of the Hospital. One such policy requires that full-time employees must be given every other weekend off. Additionally, many of the part-time employees in the various nursing units work only at certain times. Once the schedule has been approved, any changes which would result in changing the employee complement of a unit must be approved by the nursing service office. Special requests for time off must be submitted to the nursing service office for approval. The record reveals that all registered nurses, including head nurses , must submit their vacation requests to the nursing service office by a specified date. A secretary then blocks out all the requests on a master schedule and returns a copy of the schedule to each head nurse. If there are no conflicts, the schedule stands. If there are conflicts, then the head nurse would seek to obtain a voluntary adjustment. If a conflict could not be voluntarily resolved, it would be referred to the nursing service office for resolution. The Employer asserts that the head nurses are authorized to schedule and approve payment for overtime.? The record reveals, however, that the head nurses' function in this regard amounts merely to validating that the employees in their units have worked the hours listed on their timecards. Thus, each nurse in the unit, including the head nurse, signs in and out each day and at the end of the week either the head nurse or, in some cases, a ward clerk sends a list of the employees' hours to the nursing service office. With respect to arranging for employees to work overtime, head nurses simply pass on requests from supervisors. If someone in the head nurses' unit fails to report for work, the head nurse must notify the supervisor. According to the testimony of the director of nursing service, "the Supervisor either calls someone else in or transfers someone from another unit to that area." Head nurses play a minimal role in the hiring of new personnel. While the Employer asserts that it is Hospital policy to consult with the head nurses prior to actually hiring new employees, the record reveals that head nurses are consulted only on a sporadic basis. Further, the director of nursing service makes the actual decision of whether or not a person will be hired. Head nurses fill out periodic evaluations of the employees working in their units. These evaluations are discussed by the head nurses with the employees who are asked to sign the evaluation form. As previously noted, these evaluations are required for private accreditation and as a licensing requirement by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. These evaluations are also used by the director of nursing service to evaluate employees after their 90-day probationary period and for the purpose of granting salary increases. The director of nursing service makes the final decision on whether to grant an employee a salary increase. The Employer contends that head nurses have the authority to take immediate disciplinary action against employees in their units. The record does not substantiate this contention. Thus, the record reveals that no document or writing given to head nurses contains any statement conferring any disciplinary authority. Further, the record does not indicate that head nurses have otherwise been informed that they have the authority to discipline employees. Appar- ently, the disciplinary authority of the head nurses extends only to the reporting of employee miscon- duct or inadequate performance to either the day supervisor or the nursing service office. The actual decision to discipline an employee is made by the director of nursing service. With respect to discharg- es, the director of nursing service conducts her own investigation and interviews the employee before making a decision. While head nurses may recom- mend that employees be transferred, actual transfer decisions are made either by a supervisor or the nursing service office.8 It is clear to us on these facts that the head nurses, unlike the supervisors, perform their duties and functions predominantly in the "exercise of profes- sional judgment" incidental to their treatment of patients. The activities of the head nurses are all directed toward the proper and efficient treatment of the patients in their nursing units. Further, these r Head nurses , as well as all staff registered nurses, receive additional 8 One head nurse testified that in one instance her transfer recommenda- compensation for overtime. lion was not adopted 1444 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD head nurses do not possess any of the traditional indicia of supervisory authority cognizable under the Act. Thus, as established by the record, the head nurses do not have the authority to make effective recommendations with respect to hiring, firing, grievance adjustment, or discipline. Further, head nurses do not call in off-duty employees, transfer employees, grant time off, change established work schedules, authorize overtime payments, or resolve vacation conflicts. Accordingly, the head nurses are not supervisors within the meaning of the Act and we shall include them in the unit.9 The assistant head nurses are primarily involved in the direct care of patients. They also handle the nursing unit during days when the head nurse is absent. These registered nurses perform the same duties and functions as a charge nurse, a classifica- tion stipulated by the parties to be properly included in the unit. Accordingly, the assistant head nurses are not supervisors within the meaning of the Act and we shall include them in the unit. Nurse A nesthetists, Tumor Registrar, and Utilization Review Coordinator: The Employer contends that the registered nurses in these classifications should be excluded from the proposed unit because they are either supervisors or managerial employees.10 The Employer also contends that these registered nurses do not share a similar community of interest with the other registered nurses. Nurse Anesthetists: The four nurse anesthetists are all registered nurses licensed by the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. While they are not required by the Commonwealth to hold any other license, they do have additional training in anesthesiology. The nurse anesthetists work under the direction of the anesthe- siologists at the Hospital rather than the nursing service office. The anesthesiologists are responsible for schedulmg and evaluating the nurse anesthetists. The nurse anesthetists do not normally work holi- days. Their duties primarily include the administer- ing of anesthesia to patients during surgical proce- dures. They function along with other surgical personnel, including registered nurses, as a medical team . They monitor patients during surgical proce- dures and administer intravenous fluids and blood transfusions. They accompany patients to the re- covery room where, along with the recovery room registered nurse, they help care for the patient during recovery. In addition to these responsibilities, nurse anesthe- tists answer code 11 calls (coronary arrest cases). The nurse anesthetists, while compensated at a higher level than the other registered nurses, receive the same benefits as all other registered nurses. On the basis of these facts we conclude that the nurse anesthetists share a sufficient community of interest with the other registered nurses to justify their inclusion in the unit. Tumor Registrar: The tumor registrar is a registered nurse . She receives the same benefits and is compen- sated at the same level as the other staff registered nurses. According to the Employer'sjob description, this position requires advanced training in medical terminology and a basic knowledge of tumors. The tumor registrar compiles and documents continuing statistics on patients who have been treated for cancer. The tumor registrar, while not engaged in direct patient care, is within the nursing service department and her immediate supervisor is the director of nursing service. On these facts we conclude that the tumor registrar, who is a registered nurse receiving the same benefits and pay as the other registered nurses, shares a sufficient community of interest with the other registered nurses to justify her inclusion in the unit. Accordingly, we will include the tumor registrar in the unit. Utilization Review Coordinator: The utilization review coordinator is required to be a registered nurse licensed by the Commonwealth of Massachu- setts with at least 2 years' experience as a staff nurse. The position of utilization review coordinator is in the social service department rather than the nursing service department. The objectives of the utilization review coordinator are the efficient utilization of hospital services and the assurance of high quality patient care. The utilization review coordinator reviews patient charts to determine if the length of the patient's stay is in conformity with the standards established by the medical staff for the type of illness the patient is suffering from. In the course of her job Ithe utilization review coordinator is in constant contact with doctors and other registered nurses. 9 The Employer contends that the central supply head nurse, also referred to as the director of central supply, does not share a similar community of interest with the other registered nurses . The record establishes that the central supply head nurse is required to be a registered nurse She is responsible for furnishing sterile and nonstenle supplies, equipment, and services to the nursing units for use in the care and treatment of patients . She attends head nurses' meetings and deals with other registered nurses on matters concerning supplies or equipment from her unit . The central supply head nurse receives the same benefits as the other registered nurses On these facts we believe that the central supply head nurse shares a sufficient community of interest with the other registered nurses tojustify her inclusion in the unit to The registered nurses in these classifications do not have any employees under their direction . Further, they do not otherwise exercise any of the mdicia of supervisory authority Therefore, we conclude that they are not supervisors within the meaning of the Act It is also clear that these registered nurses are not managerial employees , since the facts reveal that they do not formulate and effectuate management policies or exercise sufficient independent discretion in the performance oftheirjobs Lockheed- California Company, A Division of Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, 217 NLRB No. 93 (1975) THE TRUSTEES OF NOBLE HOSPITAL We believe that the utilization review coordinator, who is required to be a licensed registered nurse with staff experience, shares a sufficient community of interest with the other registered nurses to justify her inclusion in the unit. In so concluding, we note that the duties of the utilization review coordinator include the assurance of high quality patient care and that in the course of performing her duties the utilization review coordinator comes in constant contact with other registered nurses. Accordingly, we will include the utilization review coordinator in the unit. Director and Assistant Director of In-Service: The Employer contends that these registered nurses should be excluded from the proposed unit on the grounds that they are supervisors or managerial employees or do not share a similar community of interest with the other registered nurses. The director and assistant director of in-service are required to be graduates of an approved nursing school with a B.S. degree in nursing or a health- related field. The director of in-service is responsible to the director of nursing service and her primary duty is maintaining the Hospital's educational program for nursing personnel. To this end, she is continuously involved in evaluating present nursing procedures and obtaining information concerning new nursing procedures. She consults with the supervisors and head nurses to determine the areas where new or different educational programs may be needed. In keeping -abreast of the latest nursing procedures the director of in-service keeps track of the various education opportunities offered outside the Hospital. She recommends to the director of nursing service which personnel should attend these educational programs. The director of in-service also acts as the chairman of the nursing audit committee which is made up of supervisors, head nurses, and staff nurses . This committee makes various recom- mendations to the director of nursing service con- cerning nursing techniques and procedures. The recommendations which are accepted are implement- ed by the director of in-service. The director of in-service has no authority over any of the members of the nursing staff except for the assistant director of in-service.11 The record estab- lishes that this authority is the same as that exercised by a head nurse over a member of her unit. The director of in-service does not have access to nursing personnel files to the extent that they relate to a nurse's training. Since the director of in-service is one of the most knowledgeable individuals in the Hospital on the subject of professional nursing techniques, she serves as a source of advice and guidance to the other nurses in the Hospital. 11 This position was vacant at the time of hearing. 1445 According to the Employer's job description, she may act as a consultant on nursing problems if so directed by the assistant director of nursing service. The assistant director of in-service aids the director of in-service in the performance of her duties. Additionally, she is responsible for the orientation of new nursing personnel. Neither the director nor the assistant director of in- service is a supervisor within the meaning of the Act. This follows since the record establishes that the assistant director has no supervisory authority over any employees and the director has only limited authority (i.e., no greater than that possessed by head nurses) over the assistant director. Further, we do not believe that either the director or assistant director of in-service is a managerial employee. This follows since the record establishes that they neither formu- late and effectuate management policies nor exercise sufficient independent discretion in the performance of their jobs.12 As revealed by the record, the director of in-service implements procedures and programs which have been taken before the director of nursing service, the assistant director of nursing service, and the supervisors. Further, new nursing procedures or programs may result from the suggestions of head nurses or staff nurses. Finally, the record establishes that the director and assistant director of in-service share a sufficient community of interest with the other registered nurses to justify their inclusion in the unit. Thus, the director and assistant director of in- service are registered nurses who come in constant contact with the other registered nurses through developing and teaching new and different nursing procedures. Their jobs, while not in the nature of direct patient care, are directed towards improving nursing care for patients. Accordingly, we will include the director and assistant director of in- service in the unit. Upon the entire record, we find that the following employees of the Employer constitute a unit appro- priate for the purpose of collective bargaining within the meaning of Section 9(b) of the Act: All full-time and regular part-time registered nurses employed by the Employer at its hospital at 115 West Silver Street, Westfield, Massachu- setts, including head nurses, assistant head nurses, nurse anesthetists, the tumor registrar, the utiliza- tion review coordinator, and the director and assistant director of in-service, but excluding the director and assistant director of nursing service, supervisors, assistant supervisors, all other em- ployees, and all supervisors and guards as defined in the Act. 12 Lockheed-California Company, A Division of Lockheed Aircraft Corpo. ration, supra. 1446 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD [Direction of Election omitted from pubhcation.113 CHAIRMAN MURPHY and MEMBER KENNEDY, dissent- ing in part: Contrary to our colleagues, we would find the head nurses of Noble Hospital to be supervisors within the meaning of Section 2(l 1) of the Act. The nursing service at this Hospital consists of approximately 238 employees and is divided into units such as medical surgical unit, intensive care unit, operating room unit, etc. In spite of the number of employees involved and diversity of functions performed in the various units, our colleagues find that the supervision is limited to that of the shift supervisors and the overall administrative supervi- sion by the director and assistant director of the nursing service department. We view this as unrealis- tic. We find that the head nurses at the unit level are supervisors.14 A head nurse is normally on duty during the day shift with the responsibility for the operation of her unit at all times. She stays beyond the day shift to give necessary instructions and she is subject to call to return to the unit at any time necessary. She is responsible for the scheduling of worktime of the employees within her unit. Proper coverage of the unit at all times remains her responsibility. She schedules the vacation of the employees in her unit and must resolve conflicts in vacation requests of the employees in her unit. While she may consult with the nursing office, which may be able to assist by furnishing other personnel, it is clear that the vacation scheduling remains the responsibility of the head nurse. This is also true as to holidays and arranging compensatory time off for those employees required to work holidays. The head nurse also validates overtime worked in her unit. If a unit is busy at the cQnclusion of a shift, the head nurse authorizes employees to remain on duty beyond their scheduled worktime. At the end of the week, the 13 [Excelsior fn. omitted from publication ] 24 We agree with our colleagues that the head nurses assigned to the nursing and recovery room are not supervisors within the meaning of the Act. In contrast to the other head nurses, it appears that neither of these head nurses has any personnel regularly assigned to her unit. The employees that are supervised by the central supply head nurse consist of employees head nurse verifies the timecards of employees in her unit. No explanation is required as to the reasons for the overtime beyond the head nurse's initialing of the timecard. The director of nursing service testified that she could recall no instance of rejection of an overtime payment approved by a head nurse. Accordingly, we disagree with the majority that the role of the head nurse with respect to overtime is not an indicia of supervisory status. It is the responsibility of the head nurse to prepare written evaluations as to the performance of employ- ees in her unit. These evaluations are made at the end of the 90-day probationary period and at least once a year as to all other unit employees. The head nurse must in each case discuss the evaluation and appraisal made with the affected employee and obtain his or her signature. These evaluations and recommendations of the head nurse are used by the director of nursing as the basis for personnel actions, including retention of employees after the 90-day probationary period, wage increases, transfers, etc. While the final decision is made by the director of nursing, as noted by the majority, the evidence establishes that any independent investigation by the director is usually limited to recommendations of discharge. Merit increases are withheld and employ- ees reassigned based upon the evaluation of a head nurse. The head nurses in their biweekly meetings with the director of nursing have been reminded of their authority to take disciplinary action. The head nurses have exercised disciplinary authority such as unilateral removal of a staff nurse from duty for the remainder of the day because of conduct or attitude. We conclude from the record that the duties and responsibilities of the head nurses extend beyond the professional direction of the employees assigned to their units. Their duties and responsibilities involve the exercise of supervisory authority as defined in Section 2(11) of the Act. not in the bargaining unit. However, for the reasons stated in Member Kennedy's dissent in AutomobileI Club of M,ssourt, 209 NLRB X614 (1974), we see no valid distinction as to whether the employees supervised are unit or nonunit employees . Accordingly , we include the central supply head nurse with other head nurses in finding supervisory status. Copy with citationCopy as parenthetical citation