Shirlington Supermarket, Inc.

National Labor Relations Board - Board Decisions

Apr 29, 1954

108 N.L.R.B. 579 (N.L.R.B. 1954)

SHIRLINGTON SUPERMARKET, INC. 579
2. All production and maintenance employees of the Respondent Partnership employed at
its Lisbon plant, exclusive of all office and clerical employees, professional employees,
guards, and supervisors as defined in the Act, constituted and constitute a unit appropriate
for the purposes of collective bargaining within the meaning of Section 9 (b) of the Act.
3. International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths, Drop Forgers and Helpers, AFL, was, on
February 2, 1953, until on or about July 7, 1953, the exclusive representative of all the em-
ployees in the above-described unit for the purposes of collective bargaining within the
meaning of Section 9 (a) of the Act; and thereafter, from on or about July 7, 1953, and at all
times thereafter, International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron and Ship Builders, Black-
smiths, Forgers and Helpers, AFL, was and has been continuously the exclusive represen-
tative of all of the said employees in the above-described unit for the purposes of collective
bargaining within the meaning of Section 9 (a) of the Act.
4. By refusing on April 18 and 25, 1953, and until on or about May 5, 1953, to bargain In
good faith with International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths, Drop Forgers and Helpers, AFL,
as exclusive representative of the employees in the above-described unit, the Respondent
Partnership engaged in unfair labor practices affecting commerce within the meaning of
Section 8 (a) 5 of the Act; that by refusing on or about May 5, 1953, and at all times there-
after, to bargain in good faith with International Brotherhood of Blacksmiths, Drop Forgers
and Helpers, AFL, and its successor International Brotherhood of Boilermakers, Iron and
Ship Builders, Blacksmiths, Forgers & Helpers, AFL, as the exclusive representative of
the employees in the above-described unit, the corporate Respondent has engaged in and is
engaging in unfair labor practices affecting commerce within the meaning of Section 8 (a), (5)
of the Act.
5. By discriminating in regard to the hire and tenure of employment and in the terms and
conditions of employment of the employees named in the margin hereof n by laying them off
and locking them out on or about April 27, 1953, the Respondent Partnership engaged in un-
fair labor practices within the meaning of Section 8 (a) (3) and (1) of the Act.
6. By interfering with, restraining, and coercing the employees in the exercise of the
rights guaranteed in Section 7 of the Act, the Respondent Partnership has engaged in, and
the Respondent Corporation has engaged in and is engaging In unfair labor practices within
the meaning of Section 8 (a) (1) of the Act.
The aforesaid unfair labor practices are unfair labor practices affecting commerce within
the meaning of Section 2 (6) and (7) of the Act.
[Recommendations omitted from publication.]
17 Frank Allison Andy Kindrick Paul Stockman
Floyd Bretz Ray Morris William Thomas
Leo Chamberlain Lawrence Reynolds Bryon Williams
Albert Cravenes Charles Richards Lawrence Estill
Herbert Gouldsberry Harry Rupp
SHIRLINGTON SUPERMARKET, INC., and Its Subsidiaries,
SHIRLEY FOOD STORE NO. 1, INC., SHIRLEY FOOD
STORE NO. 2, INC., SHIRLEY FOOD STORE NO. 5, INC.,
SHIRLEY FOOD STORE NO. 6, INC., and WESTMONT
SUPERMARKET, INC. and LOCAL 1501 , RETAIL CLERKS
INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION, AFL. Case No. 5-CA-775.
April 29, 1954
DECISION AND ORDER
STATEMENT OF THE CASE
Upon a charge filed on September 22, 1953, by Local 1501,
Retail Clerks International Association , AFL, herein called
108 NLRB No. 90.
580 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
the Union , the General Counsel of the National Labor Rela-
tions Board , herein called respectively the General Counsel
and the Board , by the Regional Director for the Fifth Region,
issued a complaint dated September 28, 1953, against Shir-
lington Supermarket , Inc., and its subsidiaries , Shirley Food
Store No. 1 , Inc., Shirley Food Store No . 2, Inc ., Shirley Food
Store No . 5, Inc., Shirley Food Store No. 6, Inc., and West-
mont Supermarket , Inc., herein collectively called the Re-
spondent , alleging that the Respondent had engaged in and
was engaging in unfair labor practices affecting commerce
within the meaning of Section 8 (a) (1) and ( 5) and Section 2
(6) and ( 7) of the National Labor Relations Act, as amended,
herein called the Act. Copies of the charge , complaint, and
notice of hearing , were duly served upon the Respondent and
the Union.
With respect to the unfair labor practices , the complaint
alleged , in substance , that the Respondent ( 1) on or about
September 14, 1953 , and at all times thereafter , has con-
tinuously failed and refused to bargain collectively with the
Union as the exclusive representative of its employees in an
appropriate unit , although the Union had been certified as the
representative of the employees in such unit on August 7,
1953; and (2 ) such acts and conduct constitute unfair labor
practices within the meaning of Section 8 ( a) (1) and (5) and
Section 2 ( 6) and ( 7) of the Act.
The Respondent filed its answer , in which , in substance, it
(1) denied the jurisdictional allegations of the complaint,
(2) denied the alle ation of the complaint with respect to the
appropriate unit, (3) denied the allegation of the complaint
with respect to the exclusive representative status of the
Union , ( 4) admitted that it refused to bargain with the Union,
but denied that such refusal was an unfair labor practice, and
(5) asserted certain affirmative defenses to its refusal to
bargain.
Thereafter , all the parties entered into a stipulation, in
which they stipulated and agreed , in substance , as follows:
(1) The charge was filed , the complaint and notice of hearing
were issued , and copies of each of these documents were
duly served , as stated above ; ( 2) the parties waive any hear-
ing, the issuance of any Intermediate Report , the taking or
submission of any further evidence , and any oral argument or
other procedure before the Board except for the filing of
briefs; ( 3) the parties agree that the Board may decide the
case upon the basis of the stipulation and the entire record
contained therein ; ( 4) the entire record in the case , in addi-
tion to the stipulation , shall consist of copies of the Union's
request for bargaining and the Respondent ' s reply thereto,
the formal papers in this case, and the entire record in Case
No. 5-RC- 1095 ; ( 5) all of the corporations named as the
Respondent herein comprise a single integrated enterprise
and constitute an employer within the meaning of the Act;
SHIRLINGTON SUPERMARKET, INC. 581
(6) the Respondent ' s annual purchases approximate $ 4,000,000
in value , of which approximately 90 percent represents
shipments from out-of-State , but all of Respondent ' s sales,
annually approximating $ 5,000 , 000 in value, are made in the
Commonwealth of Virginia ; ( 7) the Union is a labor organiza-
tion within the meaning of the Act ; ( 8) the Union ' s request for
bargaining was mailed on or about the date set forth therein,
and was received by the Respondent in the normal course of
mail; (9 ) the Respondent ' s reply to the Union ' s request was
mailed on or about the date set forth therein , and was re-
ceived by the Union in the normal course of mail; and ( 10) the
stipulation contains the entire agreement between the parties.
Thereafter , on October 30, 1953, the Board approved the
stipulation and made it a part of the record herein, and
transferred the case to the Board for the purpose of making
findings of fact , conclusions of law, and the issuance of a
Decision and Order.
Thereafter , the Respondent and the Union filed briefs.
Upon the basis of the aforesaid stipulation and the entire
record in the case , and upon full consideration of the briefs,
the Board makes the following:
FINDINGS OF FACT
I. THE BUSINESS OF THE RESPONDENT
Shirlington Supermarket , Inc., is a corporation duly or-
ganized under and existing by virtue of the laws of the Common-
wealth of Virginia , having its principal office at Alexandria,
Virginia . Together with its wholly owned subsidiaries, de-
scribed herein , it is engaged in the business of operating a
chain of retail grocery stores in the Commonwealth of
Virginia . Shirley Food Store No . 1, Inc ., Shirley Food Store
No. 2, Inc., Shirley Food Store No. 5, Inc., Shirley Food
Store No . 6, Inc., and Westmont Supermarket , Inc., are each
corporations duly organized under and existing by virtue of
the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia , engaged in the
business of operating retail grocery stores in the Common-
wealth of Virginia within a radius of 25 miles of Washington,
D. C.,' and are wholly owned subsidiaries of Shirlington
Supermarket , Inc. Shirlington Supermarket , Inc., Shirley Food
Store No. 1, Inc., Shirley Food Store No . 2, Inc., Shirley Food
Store No. 5, Inc:, Shirley Food Store No. 6, Inc., and West-
mont Supermarket , Inc., together comprise a single integrated
enterprise and constitute an employer within the meaning of
the Act.
Respondent , in the course and conduct of its business opera-
tions as described in the foregoing paragraph , annually
purchases merchandise and commodities valued at approxi-
mately $ 4,000 , 000, of which approximately 90 percent repre-
sents shipments transported to and received at its places of
582 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
business in the Commonwealth of Virginia from States of the
United States other than the Commonwealth of Virginia and
from the District of Columbia. All of Respondent ' s sales,
annually approximately $ 5,000,000 in value , are made within
each store and carried therefrom by the customer involved.
We find that the Respondent is engaged in commerce
within the meaning of the Act. We find further, as we have
previously , that because the Respondent ' s direct inflow ex-
ceeds $ 500,000 in value annually , it would effectuate the
policies of the Act to assert jurisdiction over the Respondent.'
IL THE LABOR ORGANIZATION INVOLVED
The Union is a labor organization within the meaning of the
Act.
III. THE UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES
Pursuant to a Decision and Direction of Election issued on
August 18 , 1952,2 an election was held on September 6, 1952,
which was lost by the Union? Upon objections filed by the
Union, the Board on January 15, 1953, set that election aside,
and directed a second election . 4 The reasons therefore were
stated by the Board as follows:
The Regional Director found that eligible employees
were temporarily relieved of their duties , assembled,
and addressed on company time andproperty by employer-
representatives who, inter alia, urged the employees to
vote against the Union ; and that these speeches began
approximately 2i hours before the start of the election
and in some instances were being delivered while the
election was actually in progress . As to these findings,
the Employer denies only that these speeches in some
instances were being delivered while the election was
actually in progress.
Even accepting the Employer ' s denial , we find, as the
Regional Director did, that the timing of the speeches
denied a substantially equal opportunity for presentation
of the Union's views and was tantamount to a refusal to
consider a request by the Union to reply; and that the
timing of the Employer ' s speeches was not counteracted
by the absence of evidence as to a no-solicitation rule or
'See the Board's Decision and Direction of Election, Case No. 5-RC-1095, issued August
18, 1952, which is part of the record herein. Chairman Farmer and Member Rodgers concur
in the assertion of jurisdiction, but are not to be deemed thereby as agreeing with the
Board's present jurisdictional standards.
2Case No. 5-RC-1095, supra
SOf 60 valid ballots cast, 24 were cast for and 36 were cast against the Union; there was
1 challenged ballot.
4102 NLRB 312.
SHIRLINGTON SUPERMARKET, INC. 583
the opportunities which the Union may have had to present
its views to the employees under other circumstances.
We find further, as we have under similar circumstances,
that such conduct by the Employer was discriminatory
and prejudiced that atmosphere we believe is essential to
a fair exercise of their franchise by the voters.3
3The Hills Brothers Company, 100 NLRB 964.
The second election was held on February 7, 1953, and the
Union won.5 Upon objections filed by the Employer, including
an attack on the validity of the Board ' s action in setting aside
the first election , the Board on August 7, 1953, overruled the
objections , and certified the Union.6
On August 18, 1953, the Union requested the Respondent to
meet "for the purpose of negotiating a working agreement
covering the employees which we have been certifiedto repre-
sent ." On September 14, 1953, the Respondent in reply
refused to " extend recognition" to the Union " on the grounds
among others , that the Board certification of your Union in
this matter is a nullity, since the action of the Board in setting
aside the first election lost by the Union was invalid, and in
addition, despite certification , the Union does not in fact
represent a majority."
The Respondent ' s chief defense to its refusal to bargain is
that the Board ' s decision setting aside the first election was
invalid. The arguments in support of this vosition were fully
considered in the representation case and rejected by the
Board at that time . That decision was proper under the
Board ' s then- existing rule for cases of this type .7
In any event , we have recently established a new rule
applicable to election situations of this type. Under the rule
of the Peerless Plywood case , 6 an election will be set aside
whenever an employer , or a union , makes an election speech
on company time to massed assemblies of employees during
the 24-hour period preceding the election . Therefore, even
if our new election rule were to be applied to the election
here , it too would require that the election be set aside, in
view of the fact that the Respondent ' s speeches were made
on company time to massed assemblies of employees only
2 1/2 hours before the election . We find, therefore , that the
first election was validly set aside , and consequently that the
certification of the Union resulting from the second election
was also valid.
5 Of 55 valid ballots cast, 32 were cast for and 23 were cast against the Union; there were
2 challenged ballots.
6106 NLRB 666.
7See Bonwit Teller Inc ., 96 NLRB 608 , remanded 197 F. 2d 640 (C. A 2). employer's
petition for certiorari denied 345 U. S. 905.
6Peerless Plywood Company, 107 NLRB 427.
584 DECISIONS OF NATION1AL:LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
The Respondent also made .the assertion in its refusal to
bargain that the Union no longer represents a majority of the
employees . There is no evidence in the record to support
this assertion , and the Board has held that a certified union's
majority status, in the absence of evidence of unusual cir-
cumstances , is conclusively presumed to continue for 1 year
following certification.9
Accordingly, we find no merit in the defenses of the Re-
spondent to its refusal to bargain.
The Appropriate Unit
We find , as alleged in the complaint , and as the Board found
in the representation case , that the following employees of the
Respondent constitute a unit appropriate for the purposes of
collective bargaining within the meaning of Section 9 ( b) of the
Act: All employees employed as food clerks, handling food
merchandise and other merchandise usually sold in grocery
stores, in all of the Respondent ' s stores within a radius of 25
miles of Washington, D. C., including all grocery clerks,
produce clerks, dairy clerks, cashiers, porters, receiving
clerks, and baggers, but excluding meat department em-
ployees, drivers, warehousemen, guards, watchmen, office
clerical employees , and supervisors as defined in the Act.
Representation by the Union of a Majority in the
Appropriate Unit
As stated above , the Union won the second election on
February 7, 1953, and was certified by the Board on August 7,
1953, as the exclusive representative of all employees in the
above-described appropriate unit for the purposes of collective
bargaining. We have, above, rejected the Respondent's con-
tention that the Board ' s certification was void and of no force
or effect, and its further contention that the Union 'no longer
represents a majority of the employees.
Accordingly, we find that on, and at all times after, August
7, 1953, the Union was the duly designated bargaining repre-
sentative of the employees in the aforesaid appropriate unit,
and, pursuant to Section 9 (a) of the Act, the Union was on, and
at all times after , August 7, 1953, the exclusive representative
of all employees in the aforesaid appropriate unit for the
9N L. R. B. v. Ray Brooks, 204 F 2d 899 (C. A. 9), enforcing 98 NLRB 976,
To the extent that this statement of the Board's so-called "1-year rule" is intended to hold
that despite a clear and uncoerced loss of majority a union continues throughout the certifi-
cation year to be the statutory bargaining representative of the employees, Member Rodgers
does not agree. He is of the opinion that once a reasonable period of time, as measured by
the circumstances of the individual case, has elapsed since the election and certification, it
is "violative of the spirit and the very letter" of the Act for the Board to require employees
to continue to be represented by an agent (union) which they themselves for reasons of their
own have repudiated. N. L. R. B. v. Globe Automatic Sprinkler Co., 199 F. 2d 64, 70 (C A. 3).
SHIRLINGTON SUPERMARKET, INC. 585
purposes of collective bargaining with respect to rates of
pay, wages, hours of employment, and other conditions of
employment.
The Refusal to Bargain
As indicated above, the Respondent admits that on or about
September 14, 1953, it refused the request of the Union to
bargain collectively with the Union. We have, above, rejected
the Respondent ' s defenses to its refusal to bargain.
Accordingly, we find that on September 14, 1953, and at all
times thereafter, the Respondent has refused and is refusing
to bargain collectively with the Union as the exclusive repre-
sentative of its employees in an ap ropriate unit, in violation
of Section 8 (a) (5) and Section 8 (a) (1) of the Act.'°
N. THE EFFECT OF THE UNFAIR LABOR PRACTICES UPON COMMERCE
The activities of the Respondent set forth in section III,
above, occurring in connection with the operations of the
Respondent described in section I, above , have a close, inti-
mate, and substantial relation to trade , traffic, and com-
merce among the several States and tend to lead to labor
disputes burdening and obstructing commerce and the free
flow of commerce.
V. THE REMEDY
Having found that the Respondent has engaged, and is
engaging , in certain unfair labor practices , we shall order
that the Respondent cease and desist therefrom and take
certain affirmative action designed to effectuate the policies
of the Act.
Upon the foregoing findings of fact and upon the entire
record in the case , the Board makes the following:
CONCLUSIONS OF LAW
1. Local 1501, Retail Clerks International Association,
AFL, is a labor organization within the meaning of Section 2
(5) of the Act.
2. All employees employed as food clerks, handling food
merchandise and other merchandise usually sold in grocery
stores, in all of the Respondent's stores within a radius of 25
miles of Washington, D. C., including all grocery clerks,
produce clerks, dairy clerks, cashiers, porters, receiving
clerks, and baggers , but excluding meat department em-
ployees, drivers, warehousemen , guards, watchmen , office
clerical employees, and supervisors as defined in the Act,
10 See Foreman & Clark, Inc., 105 NLRB 333.
586 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
constitute a unit appropriate for the purposes of collective
bargaining within thz meaning of Section 9 (b) of the Act.
3. Local 1501 , Retail Clerks International Association,
AFL, was on August 7, 1953, and at all times thereafter has
been, and is , the exclusive representative of all employees
in the aforesaid appropriate unit for the pur oses of collective
bargaining , within the meaning of Section 9 (a) of the Act.
4. By refusing on September 14, 1953, and at all times
thereafter , to bargain collectively with Local 1501, Retail
Clerks International Association , AFL, as the exclusive
representative of its employees in the aforesaid appropriate
unit , the Respondent has engaged in and is engaging in unfair
labor practices , within the meaning of Section 8 (a) (5) of
the Act.
5. By the aforesaid refusal to bargain , the Respondent has
interfered with, restrained , and coerced its employees in the
exercise of the rights guaranteed in Section 7 of the Act, and
has thereby engaged in and is engaging in unfair labor prac-
tices, within the meaning of Section 8 (a) (1) of the Act.
6. The aforesaid unfair labor practices are unfair labor
practices affecting commerce , within the meaning of Section
2 (6) and (7) of the Act.
ORDER
Upon the basis of the foregoing findings of fact and conclu-
sions of law, and pursuant to Section 10 (c) of the National
Labor Relations Act, as amended , the National Labor Rela-
tions Board hereby orders that the Respondent , Shirlington
Supermarket , Inc., and its subsidiaries , Shirley Food Store
No. 1, Inc., Shirley Food Store No . 2, Inc., Shirley Food Store
No. 5, Inc., Shirley Food Store No. 6, Inc., and Westmont
Supermarket , Inc., and its officers , agents, successors, and
assigns, shall:
1. Cease and desist from:
(a) Refusing to bargain collectively with Local 1501 , Retail
Clerks International Association , AFL, as the exclusive
representative of all employees employed as food clerks,
handling food merchandise and other merchandise usually sold
in grocery stores, in all of the Respondent ' s stores within a
radius of 25 miles of Washington , D. C., including all grocery
clerks, produce clerks, dairy clerks , cashiers , porters,
receiving clerks, and baggers, but excluding meat depart-
ment employees , drivers, warehousemen , guards, watchmen,
office clerical employees , and supervisors as defined in the
Act.
(b) In any other manner interfering with the efforts of Local
1501, Retail Clerks International Association , AFL, to bar-
gain collectively with it in behalf of the employees in the
aforesaid appropriate unit.
SHIRLINGTON SUPERMARKET. INC. 587
2. Take the following affirmative action which the Board
finds will effectuate the policies of the Act.
(a) Upon request, bargain collectively with Local 1501,
Retail Clerks International Association , AFL, as the exclusive
representative of all employees in the aforesaid appropriate
unit with respect to wages, rates of pay, hours of employment,
or other conditions of employment , and, if an understanding
is reached , embody such understanding in a signed agreement.
(b) Post at each of its stores within a radius ' of 25 miles of
Washington , D. C., copies of the notice attached hereto and
marked " Appendix A."u Copies of said notice , to be furnished
by the Regional Director for the Fifth Region, shall, after
being signed by the Respondent ' s representative , be posted by
the Respondent immediately upon receipt thereof and main-
tained by it for sixty (60) consecutive days thereafter in con-
spicuous places, including all places where notices to em-
ployees are customarily posted . Reasonable steps shall be
taken by the Respondent to insure that said notices are not
altered , defaced , or covered by any. other material.
(c) Notify the Regional Director for the Fifth Region, in
writing, within ten (10 ) days from the date of this Order,
what steps the Respondent has taken to comply herewith.
Member Beeson took no part in the consideration of the
above Decision and Order.
11 In the event that this Order is enforced by a decree of a United States Court of Appeals,
there shall be substituted for the words "Pursuant to a Decision and Order" the words
"Pursuant to a Decree of the United States Court of Appeals, Enforcing an Order."
APPENDIX A
NOTICE TO ALL EMPLOYEES
Pursuant to a Decision and Order of the National Labor
Relations Board, and in order to effectuate the policies of the
National Labor Relations Act, as amended, we hereby notify
our employees that:
WE WILL bargain collectively upon request with Local
1501, Retail Clerks International Association, AFL, as
the exclusive representative of all employees in the
bargaining unit described below with respect to wages,
rates of pay, hours of employment , or other terms or
conditions of employment and, if an understanding is
reached , embody such understanding in a signed agree-
ment. The bargaining unit is:
All employees employed as food clerks, handling food
merchandise and other merchandise usually sold in
588 DECISIONS OF NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD
grocery stores , in all of our stores within a radius
of 25 miles of Washington , D. C., including all grocery
clerks, produce clerks, dairy clerks, cashiers, por-
ters, receiving clerks, and baggers, but excluding
meat department employees , drivers, warehousemen,
guards, watchmen , office clerical employees, and
supervisors as defined in the Act.
WE WILL NOT in any manner interfere with the
efforts of the above-named Union to bargain collectively
with us, or refuse to bargain with said Union, as the
exclusive representative of the employees in the bar-
gaining unit set forth above.
`HIRLINGTON SUPERMARKET, INC., and Its
Subsidiaries , SHIRLEY FOOD STORE NO. 1,
INC., SHIRLEY FOOD STORE NO. 2, INC.,
SHIRLEY FOOD STORE NO. 5, INC., SHIR-
LEY FOOD STORE NO. 6, INC., and WEST-
MONT SUPERMARKET, INC.,
Employer.
Dated ................ By....................................................
(Representative ) ( Title)
This notice must remain posted for 60 consecutive days
from the date hereof, and must not be altered , defaced, or
covered by any other material.
MICHAEL SILVERS, d/b/a SILVERS SPORTSWEAR, Petitioner
and INTERNATIONAL LADIES GARMENT WORKERS
UNION, LOCAL 266, AFL; LOS ANGELES SPORTSWEAR
JOINT COUNCIL; I.L.G.W.U., AFL; GARMENT SHIPPING
& RECEIVING CLERKS, WAREHOUSEMEN, DRIVERS &
HELPERS, LOCAL No. 994.1 Case No. 21-RM-267. April 29,
1954
DECISION AND DIRECTION OF ELECTION
Upon a petition duly filed under Section 9 (c) of the National
Labor Relations Act, a hearing was held before Fred W. Davis
and Irving Helbling , zhearing officers. The hearing officers'
'The names of the participating unions, herein referred to collectively as the "Union."
appear as set forth in the amended petition and as modified at the hearing.
2 Hearing Officer Davis sat at the first day of the hearing; Hearing Officer Helbling com-
pleted the hearing and issued the hearing officer ' s report.
108 NLRB No. 39.