Ex Parte 6341981 et alDownload PDFPatent Trial and Appeal BoardApr 25, 201390011275 (P.T.A.B. Apr. 25, 2013) Copy Citation UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE United States Patent and Trademark Office Address: COMMISSIONER FOR PATENTS P.O. Box 1450 Alexandria, Virginia 22313-1450 www.uspto.gov APPLICATION NO. FILING DATE FIRST NAMED INVENTOR ATTORNEY DOCKET NO. CONFIRMATION NO. 90/011,275 01/12/2011 6341981 40041-702 9577 47604 7590 04/25/2013 DLA PIPER LLP US P. O. BOX 2758 RESTON, VA 20195 EXAMINER WHITTINGTON, KENNETH ART UNIT PAPER NUMBER 3992 MAIL DATE DELIVERY MODE 04/25/2013 PAPER Please find below and/or attached an Office communication concerning this application or proceeding. The time period for reply, if any, is set in the attached communication. PTOL-90A (Rev. 04/07) UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE ____________________ BEFORE THE PATENT TRIAL AND APPEAL BOARD ____________________ Ex parte PROTECTCONNECT, INC., Appellant and Patent Owner ____________________ Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 Technology Center 3900 ____________________ Before HOWARD B. BLANKENSHIP, JUSTIN T. ARBES, and THOMAS L. GIANNETTI, Administrative Patent Judges. ARBES, Administrative Patent Judge. DECISION ON APPEAL ProtectConnect, Inc., the owner of Patent 6,341,981 B1, the patent under reexamination (hereinafter the “‘981 patent”), appeals under 35 U.S.C. §§ 134(b) and 306 (2002) from a final rejection of claims 34 and 35. An oral hearing was conducted on January 9, 2013, and a transcript of the hearing (“Transcript”) was made of record on February 6, 2013. We have Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 2 jurisdiction under 35 U.S.C. §§ 134(b) and 306 (2002). 1 We affirm. STATEMENT OF THE CASE This reexamination proceeding arose from a request for ex parte reexamination of claims 34 and 35 of the ‘981 patent filed by Leviton Manufacturing Co., Inc. on October 8, 2010. A corrected request subsequently was filed on January 12, 2011. The ‘981 patent issued on January 29, 2002 based on Application 09/553,425, filed April 19, 2000. The ‘981 patent claims priority to Provisional Application 60/174,521, filed January 5, 2000. The ‘981 patent relates to an “electrical outlet and switch system [that] allows snap-in installation and snap-out removal of outlet and switch modules without exposure to high-voltage conductors” (Abstract). Claims 34 and 35 have not been amended from the original patent. Claims 1-33 are not subject to reexamination. Claims 34 and 35 recite: 34. An electrical wiring assembly comprising: an electrical box configured to house a power cable; a wiring panel adapted to install within said box and to electrically connect to said power cable; a keyed panel fixture located on said wiring panel; 1 Our decision will make reference to Appellant’s Appeal Brief (“App. Br.,” filed May 11, 2012) and Reply Brief (“Reply Br.,” filed August 10, 2012), and the Examiner’s Answer (“Ans.,” mailed June 15, 2012) and Final Rejection (“Final Rej.,” mailed December 14, 2011). Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 3 a module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel so as to transfer power from said power cable; and a keyed module fixture located on said module, said keyed panel fixture and said keyed module configured to engage so as to removably attach said module to said wiring panel only in a proper orientation. 35. The wiring assembly of claim 34 further comprising a ground bar configured to engage a ground connector in said proper orientation. Claims App’x, App. Br. 17. The prior art relied upon by the Examiner in rejecting the claims on appeal is: U.S. Patent No. 3,609,647, issued Sept. 28, 1971 (“Castellano”); Great Britain Patent No. 1,420,748, published Jan. 14, 1976 (“Smith”); U.S. Patent No. 2,433,917, issued Jan. 6, 1948 (“McCartney”); and U.S. Patent No. 5,503,565, issued Apr. 2, 1996 (“McCoy”). The Examiner (1) rejected claims 34 and 35 under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) as being anticipated by Castellano; (2) rejected claims 34 and 35 under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) as being anticipated by Smith; and (3) rejected claim 34 under 35 U.S.C. § 103(a) as being unpatentable over McCartney in view of McCoy. Ans. 2. ISSUES The principal issues in this appeal are: (1) did the Examiner err in interpreting the terms “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 4 panel” and “proper orientation,” and (2) did the Examiner incorrectly determine that, when properly interpreted, claims 34 and 35 are anticipated by each of Castellano and Smith, and claim 34 is unpatentable over McCartney in view of McCoy? PRINCIPLES OF LAW Claim Interpretation “During reexamination, as with original examination, the PTO must give claims their broadest reasonable construction consistent with the specification. . . . Therefore, we look to the specification to see if it provides a definition for claim terms, but otherwise apply a broad interpretation.” In re ICON Health and Fitness, Inc., 496 F.3d 1374, 1379 (Fed. Cir. 2007). We must be careful not to read a particular embodiment appearing in the written description into the claim if the claim language is broader than the embodiment. See In re Van Geuns, 988 F.2d 1181, 1184 (Fed. Cir. 1993) (“[L]imitations are not to be read into the claims from the specification.”). “Although an inventor is indeed free to define the specific terms used to describe his or her invention, this must be done with reasonable clarity, deliberateness, and precision. ‘Where an inventor chooses to be his own lexicographer and to give terms uncommon meanings, he must set out his uncommon definition in some manner within the patent disclosure’ so as to give one of ordinary skill in the art notice of the change.” In re Paulsen, 30 F.3d 1475, 1480 (Fed. Cir. 1994) (citation omitted). Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 5 Anticipation “Anticipation requires that every limitation of the claim in issue be disclosed, either expressly or under principles of inherency, in a single prior art reference.” Corning Glass Works v. Sumitomo Elec. U.S.A., Inc., 868 F.2d 1251, 1255-56 (Fed. Cir. 1989). Obviousness “Section 103(a) forbids issuance of a patent when ‘the differences between the subject matter sought to be patented and the prior art are such that the subject matter as a whole would have been obvious at the time the invention was made to a person having ordinary skill in the art to which said subject matter pertains.’” KSR Int’l Co. v. Teleflex Inc., 550 U.S. 398, 405 (2007). The question of obviousness is resolved on the basis of underlying factual determinations, including (1) the scope and content of the prior art, (2) any differences between the claimed subject matter and the prior art, (3) the level of skill in the art, and (4) where in evidence, so-called secondary considerations. Graham v. John Deere Co., 383 U.S. 1, 17-18 (1966). ANALYSIS I. Claim Interpretation We begin by interpreting the terms “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel” and “proper orientation” in claim 34, as Appellant argues that the Examiner erred in interpreting each term. See App. Br. 6-9, 11-12, 14; Reply Br. 3-8. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 6 A. “Module Adapted to Electrically Connect to Said Wiring Panel” Claim 34 recites a “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel so as to transfer power from said power cable” and a “keyed module fixture located on said module.” Appellant argues that “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel” should be interpreted as follows: This means a direct electrical connection using electrical contacts on the module connecting to another element. It is the module, and not the separately claimed keyed module fixture, that is adapted to electrically connect to the wiring panel. Being adapted to connect electrically is not equivalent to being adapted to complete a circuit. Rather, being adapted to connect electrically means being adapted to form an electrical connection which may or may not be used within a circuit. App. Br. 5-6. Appellant’s interpretation imposes two conditions on the claim: (1) there must be electrical “contacts” on the module that make a “direct electrical connection” to the wiring panel, and (2) the module by itself must be what is adapted to electrically connect to the wiring panel. The Examiner concludes that Appellant’s interpretation is reasonable, but not the broadest reasonable interpretation of the claim. Ans. 3. According to the Examiner, two alternative interpretations are reasonable as well. Id. at 3-8. First, the Examiner interprets the phrase to encompass the situation where the “module is adapted to electrical[ly] connect, via the keyed module, to said wiring panel.” Id. at 6-7. Under this interpretation, the keyed module fixture can function as an intermediary that “adapts” the module to electrically connect to the wiring panel by attaching the module to the wiring panel. Second, the Examiner interprets the phrase to encompass the situation where “electrical components within the module” provide the Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 7 electrical connection to the wiring panel. Id. at 8. Neither of the Examiner’s interpretations limits the claim to a direct electrical connection using electrical contacts. Id. at 4-8. Applying the broadest reasonable interpretation of the claim, as we must, see ICON Health, 496 F.3d at 1379, we conclude that neither of Appellant’s proposed conditions applies, which is essentially the Examiner’s first interpretation. Specifically, “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel” (1) is not limited to electrical contacts that make a direct electrical connection with the wiring panel, and (2) does not preclude the involvement of an intermediary structure, such as the keyed module fixture, in making an electrical connection to the wiring panel. We interpret the claim language as simply requiring that the module be configured to allow for the transfer of electric power between the module and wiring panel. First, we see nothing in the language of the claim itself or the Specification of the ‘981 patent that would limit “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel” to electrical contacts making a direct electrical connection. While certain embodiments described in the ‘981 patent use electrical contacts, claim 34 does not specify how an electrical connection is made and does not use the term “contact” to describe what makes the electrical connection. 2 See Resonate Inc. v. Alteon Websystems, Inc., 338 F.3d 1360, 1367 (Fed. Cir. 2003) (“limitations may 2 Notably, other claims not subject to reexamination use the term “contact” in describing what makes an electrical connection with another structure. Claim 8, for example, recites a “spring contact . . . electrically connecting to Footnote continued on next page. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 8 not be read into a claim from a preferred embodiment when the claim language is broader than that embodiment”). The claim simply requires that the module be “adapted” to electrically connect to the wiring panel so as to transfer power. Further, the Specification uses “electrically connect” broadly, without requiring electrical contacts in all circumstances. For example, the Specification describes outlet module 800 and wiring panel 700 as “electrically connect[ed]” even though snap-in structures are used to physically connect the two structures. See ‘981 patent, col. 10, ll. 16-21; Fig. 4C; see also claim 23 (“snapin means for removably attaching and electrically connecting said module means to said wiring panel means with tactile feedback”). Appellant also argues that the “only” thing that can cause something to be electrically connected to something else is an electrically conductive contact, but does not provide factual support for the argument or explain why no other structure is capable of making an electrical connection. See App. Br. 5-7, 9. We therefore do not read the claim language as requiring electrical contacts making a direct electrical connection. Second, we do not interpret claim 34 as precluding the involvement of an intermediary structure, such as the keyed module fixture, in making the electrical connection to the wiring panel. Appellant points out that the module and keyed module fixture are separately claimed structures and that it is the module, not the keyed module fixture, that is “adapted to electrically said contact surface,” and claim 27 recites “first contacts . . . configured to electrically connect with a replaceable module.” Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 9 connect to said wiring panel.” Id. at 4-6. We agree with Appellant that the structures are separately claimed, as the claimed assembly comprises a module and a “keyed module fixture located on said module.” That does not mean, however, that another structure cannot be involved in adapting the module to electrically connect to the wiring panel. Claim 34 does not specify whether the electrical connection is “direct” or “indirect,” and does not recite that the module itself is “physically connected” to or “in physical contact with” the wiring panel. The Specification also contemplates the involvement of an intermediary structure in making an electrical connection. See, e.g., ‘981 patent, col. 4, ll. 18-20 (“The panel fixture provides an electrical connection to the cable connector via a buss portion of the wiring panel.”) (emphasis added); col. 17, ll. 44-48 (“first top buss 951 electrically connects the first top module contact 956 and the top pole 954”). Thus, the claimed module may be adapted to electrically connect to the wiring panel via another structure, such as the keyed module fixture. We interpret “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel” to encompass a module configured to allow for the transfer of electric power between the module and wiring panel. B. “Proper Orientation” Claim 34 recites that “said keyed panel fixture and said keyed module [are] configured to engage so as to removably attach said module to said wiring panel only in a proper orientation.” Appellant contends that there can be only one “proper orientation” for the module to attach to the wiring panel, while the Examiner interprets the phrase to permit more than one “proper orientation.” See App. Br. 4-5, 11-12, 14; Reply Br. 2-3, 11-12; Ans. 19-20. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 10 As support for its proposed interpretation, Appellant cites the Specification of the ‘981 patent, which describes outlet module 800 and wiring panel 700 being keyed to prevent installation in an “incorrect, i.e. upside-down orientation.” ‘981 patent, col. 15, ll. 15-18, Fig. 8B; see App. Br. 4-5. According to Appellant, without the keyed features, outlet module 800 could be installed in two possible orientations (upside-down and right- side-up), but with the keyed features, only one orientation is possible. App. Br. 5. The portion of the Specification relied upon by Appellant, however, merely describes an exemplary embodiment. See ‘981 patent, col. 15, ll. 13- 33; col. 25, ll. 37-41. Further, while the Specification describes an upside- down orientation as “incorrect” in one embodiment, it does not explicitly preclude more than one orientation from being correct. Thus, we do not interpret claim 34 as limited to a single “proper orientation.” 3 II. Rejections A. Anticipation Rejection Based on Castellano (Claims 34 and 35) Appellant’s arguments with respect to Castellano are premised on its proposed interpretation of “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel” in claim 34. Appellant argues that the claim requires a keyed module fixture separate from electrical contacts that electrically connect a module to a wiring panel. App. Br. 9-10; Reply Br. 8-9. In Castellano, 3 Appellant also argued during the hearing that “proper orientation” means the one and only orientation where power can be delivered “safely.” Tr. 7:5- 8:21, 10:9-21. We need not address this additional argument, however, as it Footnote continued on next page. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 11 however, conductor prongs 36a and 36b act as both according to Appellant, i.e., they provide keying and are electrical contacts that electrically connect plug receptacle 36 to receptacle 30. Id. Appellant further contends that ground prong 36b is part of what electrically connects to a wiring panel, not part of a keyed module fixture, because it makes a circuit with prongs 36a and “power cannot be transferred without it.” Reply Br. 9. In light of the claim interpretation discussed above, we are not persuaded by Appellant’s arguments. Figure 1 of Castellano shown below depicts a plug receptacle 36 having a pair of conductor prongs 36a and ground prong 36b, which engage with corresponding apertures 58 and 60 in receptacle 30: relates only to the Examiner’s rejection based on Figures 1 and 3 of Smith, which we do not reach for the reasons explained below. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 12 Power is transferred from a power cable in outlet box 10 to prongs 36a inserted in apertures 58 and ultimately to an electrical device plugged in to plug receptacle 36. Castellano, col. 1, ll. 49-74; col. 2, ll. 19-25. As the Examiner found, plug receptacle 36 is adapted to electrically connect to cover plate 50 of receptacle 30, via prongs 36a and 36b, so as to transfer power from a power cable. Ans. 13-16; Final Rej. 4-5. While an electrical connection between plug receptacle 36 and receptacle 30 is made, and power is transferred, via prongs 36a and 36b, the language of claim 34 does not preclude such an arrangement for the reasons explained above. The preponderance of the evidence supports the Examiner’s finding that Castellano discloses a “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel so as to transfer power from said power cable.” Accordingly, Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 13 we sustain the rejection of claim 34, as well as the rejection of dependent claim 35, which is not separately argued by Appellant. 4 See App. Br. 10; Reply Br. 9. B. Anticipation Rejection Based on Smith (Claims 34 and 35) We begin by noting that the Examiner finds that three different embodiments depicted in Figures 1-3 of Smith each disclose all of the limitations of claim 34 depending on how the claim is interpreted. Ans. 18- 27; Final Rej. 5-6, 18-20. Because we agree with the Examiner’s interpretation and rejection with respect to the embodiment of Figure 2, we need not reach the Examiner’s analysis of the other embodiments. Similar to its arguments regarding Castellano, Appellant’s arguments regarding Figure 2 of Smith are premised on its proposed interpretation of “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel” in claim 34. Appellant argues that the claim requires a keyed module fixture separate from electrical contacts of a module, but pins 36 in Smith both provide keying and are electrical contacts that electrically connect face member 34 to cover plate 24. App. Br. 11; Reply Br. 10. In light of the claim interpretation discussed above, we are not persuaded by Appellant’s arguments. Figure 2 of Smith shown below depicts a face member 34 having three contact strips or pins 36 (hot, neutral, 4 With respect to dependent claim 35, the Examiner finds that prongs 36a are the claimed “keyed module fixture” and ground prong 36b is the claimed “ground bar configured to engage a ground connector in said proper orientation.” Ans. 16-18. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 14 and ground), which engage with contact plate 12 through corresponding slots 37 in cover plate 24: Power is transferred from electrical cable 14 in housing 28 to contact strips or pins 36 inserted in slots 37 and ultimately to an electrical device plugged in to socket 40 of face member 34. Smith, p. 2, ll. 11-53. As the Examiner found, face member 34 is adapted to electrically connect to cover plate 24 and contact plate 12, via hot and neutral contact strips or pins 36, so as to transfer power from the power cable. Ans. 22-24; Final Rej. 5-6. While an electrical connection between face member 34 and contact plate 12 is made, and power is transferred, via hot and neutral contact strips or pins 36, the language of claim 34 does not preclude such an arrangement for the reasons Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 15 explained above. The preponderance of the evidence supports the Examiner’s finding that Smith discloses a “module adapted to electrically connect to said wiring panel so as to transfer power from said power cable.” Accordingly, we sustain the rejection of claim 34. 5 With respect to claim 35, Appellant acknowledges that Figure 2 of Smith discloses a ground bar (i.e., the third contact strip or pin 36), but argues that Smith fails to disclose a ground bar separate from a “nonconductive” keyed module fixture. App. Br. 13. Ground contact strip or pin 36, however, is separate from hot and neutral contact strips or pins 36 (which the Examiner finds are a “keyed module fixture”). See Ans. 22-24. Further, Appellant’s argument that the keyed module fixture must be “nonconductive” essentially repeats its claim interpretation argument that the keyed module fixture cannot be involved in transferring power between the module and wiring panel. We disagree with Appellant’s interpretation for the reasons explained above. Accordingly, we sustain the rejection of claim 35 as well. C. Obviousness Rejection Based on McCartney/McCoy (Claim 34) Appellant makes two arguments with respect to the rejection based on McCartney and McCoy. First, Appellant argues that McCoy does not have a keyed panel fixture and keyed module configured to engage so as to 5 Appellant does not dispute that the “proper orientation” limitation of claim 34 is met by the three-prong arrangement of Castellano and Figure 2 of Smith. See Tr. 6:4-6, 7:4. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 16 removably attach the module to the wiring panel only in a “proper orientation.” App. Br. 13-14. Appellant contends that the purpose of keying in McCoy is to permit installation only at a proper “location,” not a proper “orientation,” in a modular wall power distribution system. Id. Regardless of McCoy’s purpose for keying, however, we agree with the Examiner that McCoy teaches installation only in a proper orientation (as well as a proper location). 6 Specifically, input plugs 34 “formed by hollow plug halves 52 and 53” of different sizes correspond to and fit with openings 50 of receptacle connector 48. McCoy, col. 6, l. 60-col. 7, l. 2 (“receptacle connector 48 and input plug 34 are ‘keyed,’ as is known in the art, so that receptacle assembly 30 can only be connected at certain points in power distribution system 10”); col. 7, ll. 43-49; Figs. 1-2; see Ans. 29-30. Second, Appellant argues that a person of ordinary skill in the art would not have had reason to incorporate the keying of McCoy into the system of McCartney to prevent upside-down installation “because nonpolarized outlets [like McCartney] will function in an upside-down orientation” and therefore keying in McCartney would be “unnecessary.” App. Br. 14. Appellant further contends that a person of ordinary skill would have considered the systems of McCartney and McCoy incompatible with each other and in different fields of endeavor, and would not have combined the teachings of the references because “McCartney is for use in a 6 We also note that the Examiner finds that McCartney teaches keying to achieve installation in only a “proper orientation” as well. Ans. 28-29. Because we agree with the Examiner with respect to the teachings of McCoy, we need not reach this issue. Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 17 ‘flush’ receptacle system, while McCoy is for use in a ‘self-contained’ receptacle system that is deliberately designed to exclude electrical boxes.” Id. at 14-15 (citing Evidence App’x, App. Br. 18, Declaration of Steven Purves ¶¶ 16, 19); Reply Br. 13-14. Appellant has not demonstrated error in the Examiner’s conclusion of obviousness as to claim 34. As explained above, we do not interpret “proper orientation” as limited to a single right-side-up (as opposed to upside-down) orientation. Moreover, the question is not whether it would have been necessary or not to combine the teachings of the two prior art references, but rather whether a person of ordinary skill in the art would have had some reason to do so to achieve the claimed invention. See Ans. 30-31. Incorporating the keying of McCoy into the assembly of McCartney, as the Examiner found, would “prevent a flipped or any other orientation of connection, i.e., only in a proper location and orientation.” Id. at 29-30; Final Rej. 8-9. Appellant does not sufficiently rebut the Examiner’s articulated reason for combining McCartney and McCoy of allowing users to attach a module only at a proper location and orientation. As to Appellant’s arguments regarding the differences between the references, we see no reason why an ordinarily skilled artisan would not, or could not, modify the disclosed assemblies to incorporate McCoy’s method of keying into the McCartney outlet box. Both references relate to the connection of an outlet to a wiring panel in an electrical outlet wiring assembly, and a person of ordinary skill in the art of such assemblies would be able to use his or her skill to modify the disclosed structures as necessary to combine them. See Ans. 31-32; In re Keller, 642 F.2d 413, 425 (CCPA 1981) (“The test for obviousness is not whether the features of a secondary Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 18 reference may be bodily incorporated into the structure of the primary reference. . . . Rather, the test is what the combined teachings of the references would have suggested to those of ordinary skill in the art.”). Accordingly, we sustain the rejection of claim 34. CONCLUSION We conclude that: (1) the Examiner correctly determined that claims 34 and 35 are anticipated by Castellano; (2) the Examiner correctly determined that claims 34 and 35 are anticipated by Smith; and (3) the Examiner correctly determined that claim 34 is unpatentable over McCartney in view of McCoy. DECISION For the above reasons, the rejection of claims 34 and 35 under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) as anticipated by Castellano, the rejection of claims 34 and 35 under 35 U.S.C. § 102(b) as anticipated by Smith, and the rejection of claim 34 under 35 U.S.C. § 103(a) as unpatentable over McCartney in view of McCoy are affirmed. Requests for extensions of time in this ex parte reexamination proceeding are governed by 37 C.F.R. § 1.550(c). See 37 C.F.R. § 41.50(f). AFFIRMED Appeal 2012-012340 Reexamination Control No. 90/011,275 Patent 6,341,981 B1 19 ak Patent Owner: DLA Piper LLP US P.O. Box 2758 Reston, VA 20195 Third Party Requester: Wilson, Sonsini, Goodrich & Rosati 650 Page Mill Road Palo Alto, CA 94304-1050 Copy with citationCopy as parenthetical citation