OurPet's CompanyDownload PDFTrademark Trial and Appeal BoardMar 5, 2012No. 76699927 (T.T.A.B. Mar. 5, 2012) Copy Citation Mailed: March 5, 2012 UNITED STATES PATENT AND TRADEMARK OFFICE ________ Trademark Trial and Appeal Board ________ In re OurPet’s Company ________ Serial No. 76699927 _______ John D. Gugliotta, P.E. for OurPet’s Company. Katy Halmen, Trademark Examining Attorney, Law Office 109 (Gwen Stokols, Acting Managing Attorney). _______ Before Seeherman, Zervas and Taylor, Administrative Trademark Judges. Opinion by Seeherman, Administrative Trademark Judge: OurPet’s Company has appealed from the final refusal of the trademark examining attorney to register ON DEMAND for “automated pet appliances, namely, feeders and waterers” in Class 7.1 Registration has been refused 1 Application Serial No. 76699927, filed October 19, 2009 pursuant to Section 1(b) of the Trademark Act (intent-to-use). The application also includes “automated pet appliances, namely litter boxes” in Class 21, but in the final Office action the examining attorney withdrew the refusal of registration with respect to this class. We note that in its brief applicant has presented arguments that its mark is not descriptive of litter boxes, and in its reply brief applicant has argued that the mark THIS OPINION IS NOT A PRECEDENT OF THE TTAB Ser No. 76699927 2 pursuant to Section 2(e)(1) of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. § 1052(e)(1), on the ground that applicant’s mark is merely descriptive of its goods in Class 7. The appeal has been fully briefed. We affirm the refusal. First, we turn to some procedural issues. In its appeal brief applicant has made the assertions that “there currently exists numerous third-party registrations that use the terms ‘ON DEMAND’ within the body of the mark,” and that “a cursory basic word search of the trademark database indicates over 1700 listings….” Brief, p. 4. The examining attorney has objected because no third-party registrations have been made of record. We note that this reference to third-party registrations was made for the first time in applicant’s brief, and is the entirety of the information applicant has provided. Because this statement is unsupported by any evidence whatsoever, we have given it no probative value. Applicant also has made an objection. In the examining attorney’s appeal brief she asks that we take is also not descriptive of access doors. Although “access doors” was in the identification of goods when the application was filed, applicant amended its application to delete this item in its July 9, 2010 response to the first Office action. As noted, the examining attorney withdrew the refusal with respect to litter boxes in Class 21 before briefs were filed in the appeal. Ser No. 76699927 3 judicial notice of certain dictionary definitions. In its reply brief applicant asks that we not consider the definitions. With respect to the definition of “demand,” www.merriam-webster.com, applicant states that the definition is for “demand,” not “on demand,” although it recognizes that the definition for “demand” includes a subsidiary definition of “on demand”: “upon presentation and request for payment; also: when requested or needed .”2 The Board may take judicial notice of dictionary definitions. University of Notre Dame du Lac v. J. C. Gourmet Food Imports Co., Inc., 213 USPQ 594 (TTAB 1982), aff’d, 703 F.2d 1372, 217 USPQ 505 (Fed. Cir. 1983). Therefore, we grant the examining attorney’s request that we take judicial notice of the definition taken from the Merriam-Webster dictionary, although even if we did not consider the definition, it would not affect our decision. As for the second definition, it is taken from Wiktionary, which is described on the website as “a wiki-based Open Content dictionary.” The Board will generally not take judicial notice of definitions or entries found only in online dictionaries or reference works not available in a printed format or having a regular fixed edition. See In 2 We also note that applicant has relied on the definition in its arguments. Ser No. 76699927 4 re Red Bull GmbH, 78 USPQ2d 1375, 1377 (TTAB 2006). See also TBMP § 1208.04 (3d ed. 2011) and cases cited therein. Because the Wiktionary website appears to be only an online dictionary, and further is designed to be alterable by the public, we deny the examining attorney’s request that we take judicial notice of the definition from this dictionary. We turn now to the substantive issue before us, namely, whether ON DEMAND is merely descriptive of “automated pet appliances, namely, feeders and waterers.” A term is deemed to be merely descriptive of goods or services, within the meaning of Section 2(e)(1) of the Trademark Act, 15 U.S.C. §1052(e)(1), if it forthwith conveys an immediate idea of an ingredient, quality, characteristic, feature, function, purpose or use of the goods or services. In re Abcor Development Corp., 588 F.2d 811, 200 USPQ 215, 217-18 (CCPA 1978). A term need not immediately convey an idea of each and every specific feature of the applicant’s goods or services in order to be considered to be merely descriptive; rather, it is sufficient that the term describes one significant attribute, function or property of the goods or services. In re H.U.D.D.L.E., 216 USPQ 358 (TTAB 1982); In re MBAssociates, 180 USPQ 338 (TTAB 1973). Whether a term is Ser No. 76699927 5 merely descriptive is determined not in the abstract, but in relation to the goods or services for which registration is sought, the context in which it is being used on or in connection with the goods or services, and the possible significance that the term would have to the average purchaser of the goods or services because of the manner of its use; that a term may have other meanings in different contexts is not controlling. In re Bright-Crest, Ltd., 204 USPQ 591, 593 (TTAB 1979). In support of her refusal, the examining attorney has submitted Internet evidence showing the use of the term “on demand” to describe automatic pet feeders. See, for example, the following: How to Choose the Best Automatic Pet Feeders Cat & Dog Dish or Bowl Food Dispensers—Portion Control & On-Demand ... On-demand Gravity Feed Pet Food Dispenser Gravity feed dispensers are like office water coolers, but designed to dispense dry pet food instead of water. As the pet eats up the kibble in the bowl, more food flows out from the hopper. ... The Best Automatic Pet Feeder The main decision to make is whether to choose an on-demand or portion control feeder. www.suite101.com Petmate LeBistro Portion Control Automatic Pet Feeder, Black, 10 Pounds ... Product Description Great for cats and dogs, this fully automatic pet feeder features a tough plastic base that holds a Ser No. 76699927 6 food reservoir for food “on demand.” The electronic pet feeder’s simple, programmable electronics… www.catautomaticfeeder.com Sell Pet Products—On-demand Feeding Water/Food Dispenser-F5230/F5231 (pet feeder) Alibaba.com Petmate Le Bistro Microban Automatic Pet Feeder in White Le Bistro, automatic feeding with flair! Tough plastic base holds food reservoir for food “on demand.” www.walmart.com Automatic Pet Feeder ... Dispensing the kibble slowly prevents dogs and cats from bloating, so this auto pet feeder ensures the safety of your pet as well. … Get food on demand for your pet when you set the pet food dispenser timer. www.gooddeals.com Pet Feeders & Cat and Dog Bowls …Be sure to check out the automatic pet feeders for dogs and the on-demand cat feeder for cats. www.petsnap.com Galvanized Pet Feeder 50lb Chow hound automatic dog feeders are manufactured from tough galvanized steel for durability. A specially angled chute provides a steady food flow on demand. www.fullersupplyco.com Petmate Waterer Large Twilight Blue 5 Gallons Description ... The Le Bistro Automatic Dog Waterer provides your pet with fresh water on demand. www.vitacost.com We find, based on the evidence of record, that ON DEMAND immediately and directly describes a significant Ser No. 76699927 7 characteristic of applicant’s pet feeders and waterers, namely, that the animal can use these appliances to get food and water when the pet wants it. The various descriptions of pet feeders and waterers provided in the various websites show that those in the trade use the term “on demand” as a description of this characteristic, and also show their expectation that customers will immediately understand “on demand” as having this meaning. Applicant’s arguments to the contrary are not persuasive. Applicant argues that “a proper rejection for being merely descriptive would exist if the requested mark were AUTOMATIED LITTER BOX or AUTOMATED PET APPLIANCES or the like….” Brief, p. 3. Applicant apparently believes that a proposed mark must be generic in order to be refused registration. However, that is not the case. As we stated above, a term which describes a characteristic of the goods is prohibited from registration by Section 2(e)(1). Applicant also argues that “absent the context that the applicant is providing [being used for automated pet appliances, namely, feeders and waterers], the words ON DEMAND can have numerous, contradictory or ambiguous meaning.” Brief, pp. 3-4. However, as we have previously stated (and as applicant has acknowledged at page 3 of its brief), the descriptiveness of a mark must be determined in Ser No. 76699927 8 the context in which the mark is used. Whether or not “on demand” has other meanings such as “upon representation and request for payment,” when used in the context of automated pet feeders and waterers, ON DEMAND has a clear meaning that describes a characteristic of the feeders and waterers. Applicant also cites various cases and propositions or principles regarding determinations of descriptiveness, but they are inapplicable to the present case. For example, it states that “combinations of merely descriptive components have been found registrable if the juxtaposition of the words is inventive or evokes a unique commercial impression.” Brief, p. 4. We have no quarrel with this principle, but it is inapposite to ON DEMAND for pet feeders and waterers, since the evidence shows that the term ON DEMAND as a whole, and not the individual words “ON” and “DEMAND,” is used to describe a characteristic of pet feeders and waterers. In view of the evidence that ON DEMAND is used by numerous vendors to describe a characteristic of automated pet feeders and waterers, we find that ON DEMAND immediately and directly conveys information about a characteristic of applicant’s goods, and that the mark is merely descriptive. Ser No. 76699927 9 Decision: The refusal of registration as to the goods in Class 7 is affirmed. Because there is no refusal with respect to the goods in Class 21, after the period for appeal has passed the application will be forwarded for publication solely as to the goods in Class 21, and the application in Class 7 will be abandoned. Copy with citationCopy as parenthetical citation